NEUROPSIKIATRI
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
(NP-SLE)
Pembimbing:
Lingkungan
Sistemik
Lupus
Eritematosus
(SLE)
Genetik Hormon
3
Salma O. Masalah dalam diagnosis dan tata laksana lupus eritematosus. Maj Kedokt Indon 2010; 60(10): 435-436
What is NPSLE?
= CNS Lupus
= Lupus Cerebritis
1.Salma O. Masalah dalam diagnosis dan tata laksana lupus eritematosus. Maj Kedokt Indon 2010; 60(10): 435-436.
6
2.Anonymous. Diagnosis dan pengelolaan lupus eritematosus sistemik. Rekomendasi Perhimpunan Reumatologi 2011
7
Terbentuk autoantibodi kompleks
Menurunnya
Faktor kemampuan
Pencetus mengendalikan
apoptosis
(Abnormalit
as respon
Hilangnya toleransi imun:
imun)
Hilangnya sel T mengenali molekul
Sel T dan B kontrol tubuh sebagai antigen
menjadi regulasi karena adanya mimikri
otoreaktif pada sistem molekular
imun
Hilangnya kemampuan
membersihkan antigen di
kompleks imun maupun
sitokin didalam tubuh
8
Yuliasih dan S Joewono. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam. Surabaya, Airlangga University Press, 2007
= CNS Lupus
= Lupus Cerebritis
Inflammatory
vascular Antibody to neuron
mediater
aPL NPSLE
Focal Diffuse
What is NPSLE
Metabolic? Drug-induced?
NSAIDs (esp. aseptic meningitis)
Active Lupus? Immunosuppressive Drugs (posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome)
Co-morbid:
Steroids
Vascolopathy from premature
Antibiotics (Betalactams,
atherosclerosis Quinolones, metronodazole, etc)
Sinus thrombosis Antiepileptics
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Infection-induced?
(meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, or
systemic infection with a secondary toxic
encephalopathy)
Sistem Saraf Pusat Sistem Saraf Perifer
Acute confusional state Polineuropati
Disfungsi kognitif Pleksopati
Psikosis Mononeuropati (tunggal/multipleks)
Gangguan mood Sindrom Guillain-Barre
Gangguan cemas Gangguan otonom
Nyeri kepala (termasuk migraine dan Miestania gravis
hipertensi intracranial ringan)
Penyakit serebrovaskular
Mielopati
Gangguan gerak
Sindrom demielinisasi
Kejang
Meningitis aspetik
Neuropati kranial
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Prevalence of 12 NP Clinical Syndromes in
CNS lupus (N=300)
1. Headache 24%
2. CVA 18%
3. Mood disorder 17%
4. Cognitive dysfunction 11%
5. Psychosis 8%
6. Seizure disorder 8%
7. Anxiety Disorder 7%
8. Aseptic meningitis 4%
9. Acute confusional state 4%
10. Transverse myelopathy 1%
11. Movement disorder 1%
12. Demyelinating syndrome 1%
Antibodi antifosfolipid episode berulang dari arteri atau cedera saraf langsung pada pasien yang
(aPL) trombosis vena, aborsi spontan berulang, tidak ada iskemia
atau trombositopenia, gangguan kognitif,
dan mielitis
Antibodi Antikardiolipin penurunan kognitif, pengurangan
IgG psikomotor
Antibodi antikardiolipin Kecepatan dan pengurangan dalam
IgA penalaran dan kemampuan konseptual
Cranial neuropathy 1% Most common: optic neuropathy (≤1%); CNVIII and (III,
(ischemic/thrombosis) IV, VI) palsy
Co-exist with other NPSLE syndromes (especially
ischemic CVD and peripheral neuropathytransverse
myelitis and/or seizure disorder)
Bilateral and may co-exist with
PNS disorder 2-3% Higher rates when EMG studies performed (16–28%
versus 6–11% in healthy individuals)
Often co-exists with other NPSLE syndromes
• Type: polyneuropathy (2–3%), mononeuropathy (single,
multiplex) (0.5–1%), acute or chronic inflammatory
demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (0.1%),
myasthenia gravis (0.1%), plexopathy (<0.1%)
Penggunaan steroid dalam jangka lama juga dapat
menyebabkan gangguan psikosis karena kerusakan
pada blood brain barrier di otak sehingga
menyebabkan kerusakan saraf pada bagian lateral
amigdala sehingga terjadi gangguan emosi pada
epinefrin
pasien SLE. juga dapenyebabkan gangguan neurologis
pada pasien SLE.
Diagnosis
W/U as non-SLE
Exclude non-SLE relate conditions
Investigation
H&P
Routine lab
Serologic testing
CSF profile
Electrodiagnosis EEG, EMG, visual evoked potential
Imaging
Diagnosis
Mortality: 7 to 19%
Cause of death is usually not the NPSLE itself but infections, cardiovascular
disorders and drug induced complications
Compte, Nathalie, et al. "Cognitive decline in an old woman: Do not miss a rare etiology!." Experimental
gerontology 47.7 (2012): 534-535.
Conclusion
Before give an Diagnostic for NPSLE
Exclude non-SLE relate conditions
1. Complication from treatment
1. Steroid induced psychosis
2. Immunosuppressive drug-posterior leukoencephalopathy
3. CNS infection
2 Metabolic disorder
3 Drug side effect – sedative drugs, antipsychotic drugs
Conclusion
Metabolic? Drug-induced?
NSAIDs (esp. aseptic meningitis)
Active Lupus? Immunosuppressive Drugs (posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome)
Co-morbid:
Steroids
Vascolopathy from premature
Antibiotics (Betalactams,
atherosclerosis Quinolones, metronodazole, etc)
Sinus thrombosis Antiepileptics
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Infection-induced?
(meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, or
systemic infection with a secondary toxic
encephalopathy)
Conclusion- management
Antiplatelet/anticoagulant-APS
Thank you for your attention