Dasar Pelumasan

dan
Pengetahuan Teknis

Jakarta, February 2022

Fungsi Pelumas Mesin
Dasar :
a. Pelumasan (Lubricating)
b. Pendingin (Cooling)
c. Penyekat (Sealing)
d. Pembersih (Cleaning)

Tambahan :
e. Penetralisir (Neutralised Acid)
f. Pencegah (Anti Corrosion & Rust
g. Irit bahan bakar (Energy Conserving)
h. Lebih tahan lama.
 Jenis Pelumas
Pelumas Cair : bahan dasar pelumas (base oil)
+ additive
• Mineral : base oil mineral + additive
• Semi-Sintetik : base oil mineral + base oil
sintetik + additive
• Full Sintetik : base oil sintetik + additive

Pelumas Padat :
• Grease : Pelumas cair + Thikener / Soap.
 Pelumas

Additive (+ 30%)

Additive Package Dispersant (+ 50%)

(+ 70%)

Base Oil (+ 70%)

Detergent (+ 35%)
Viscosity Index
Improver (+ 30%) Anti Wear (+ 10%)
Inhibitor (+ 5%)
 Additives
Meningkatkan Viscosity Index (kestabilan
Viscosity Index Improver 1
kekentalan terhadap temperatur)
Mengendalikan kotoran/kontaminan agar
Dispersant 2
terdispersi secara merata dalam pelumas
Menjaga permukaan metal bebas dari kotoran
Detergent 3
dan menetralisir asam
Mencegah gesekan & keausan bagian mesin
Anti Wear/Extreme Pressure 4
dalam konsisi beban berat
Mencegah terjadinya oksidasi pada molekul
Anti Oxidant 5
Package

pelumas
Mencegah terjadinya korosi/karat pada bagian
Anti Karat/Anti Korosi 6
metal yang berhubungan dengan pelumas
Inhibitor

Anti Foam 7 Mencegah terbentuknya busa pada pelumas

Menekan titik beku pelumas agar mudah
Anti Beku/Pour Point Depressant 8
mengalir pada suhu rendah
Meningkatkan tingkat kelicinan dari film
Anti Friction 9
pelumas
 Penggunaan Aditif
No Aditif Mesin Bensin Mesin Diesel Sepeda Motor
1 Oxidantion Inhibitor √ √ √
2 Detergent √ √ √
3 Dispersant √ √ √
4 Rust / Corrosion Inhibitor √ √ √
5 Anti Wear / Extreme Pressure √
6 Pour Point Depressant √ √ √
7 Friction Modifier √ √
8 Anti Foam √ √ √
9 Viscosity Index Improver √ √ √
 Standarisasi pada Pelumas.

Standart Kekentalan.
Standart Kualitas.
Standarisasi Kekentalan Pelumas.

• Mengikuti standart SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)

Mesin dan Roda Gigi.

• Mengikuti standart ISO (International Organization for

Standardization) Industri.

• Mengikuti standard NLGI (National Lubricating Grease

Institute)
SAE – Oli Mesin
SAE – Roda Gigi.
Kekentalan Pelumas (NLGI)
(Gemuk)
 Pelumas Multigrade
(10W40; 15W40; 20W50)
THICK
OIL SAE
50 SAE
20W-50
VISCOSITY

SAE
THIN 20 W
OIL
40° C Temperature 100° C
COLD HOT
 Kelebihan Multi Grade.
• Hemat bahan bakar.

• Temperatur stabil.

• Lebih tahan lama.

• Mengurangi terjadinya sludge dan varnish

pada mesin.
 Standart Kualitas pada Pelumas
Pelumas Mesin.
Bahan Bakar
Bensin
Diesel
Sistim kerja.
4 Tak
2 Tak

Pelumas Roda Gigi Kendaraan.

Transmisi.
Gardan/Differential.
 Standart Kualitas Pelumas Bensin
API Tahun Keterangan
Service
SA 1930 Straight Mineral, no additive.
SB 1930’s Rust Oxidation inhibitor.
SC 1964 Ditergent (low temp), anti sludge, anti rust.
SD 1968 Same above, but better
SE 1972 Same above, but high temp, anti oxsidant.
SF 1980 Protection sludge,varnish,rust,wear,high temp,thikener

SG 1989 Protection from high and low temp deposit.

SH 1994 Register Formula

SJ 1997 Better volatility and thermal protection.

SL 2004 Wear protection ,Low temp, Deposit ,Oxidation resistance

SM 2004 Better wear protection ,Improve oxidation and deposit, Energi conversion.

SN 2010 Designed to provide improved high temperature, deposit protection for pistons, more stringent
sludge control, and seal compatibility, improved fuel economy, turbocharger protection,
emission control system compatibility
 Standart Kualitas Pelumas Diesel
API Service Tahun Keterangan
CA 1940 Absolute
CB 1949 Absolute
CC 1955 Sama dengan API SG
CD 1961 Supercharge + Turbocharge
CD - II 1985 2 Stroke Direct Injection Engine Diesel.
CE 1983 Super charge, Turbocharge less oil comsuption,deposit,
thikener
CF 1994 Indirect Injection diesel engine.
CF - II 1994 2 Stroke Severel duty diesel engine.
CF - 4 1990 4 Stroke on highway heavy duty diesel engine.
CG - 4 1994 4Stroke on/off highway heavy duty diesel engine, CF4
CH - 4 1998 CG4, fuel sulfur up to 0.5%
CI - 4 2002 Exhause Gas Reciculating (RGR). Exhaust emissi 2002, Sulfur up
to 0.5%.
CJ - 4 2007 Sulfur fuel up to 0.05%, control catalis, antiwear, piston
deposit, high temp stabil. Control foaming & viscosity.
Kerja Mesin 4 Tak

1. Hisap
2. Tekan
3. Kerja
4. Buang
 Kerja Mesin 2 Tak

Tekan + Isap Kerja + Buang

 Standart Kualitas Pelumas Motor 4 Tak
Sama dengan Standart Pelumas Kendaraan Bensin.

Anti Slip JASO MA

Evaluasi Jaso MA Jaso MB

DFI ( Dynamic Friction Index) >= 1.45 < 1.45

SFI ( Static Friction Index) >= 1.15 <1.15

STI (Stop Time Index) >= 1.55 <1.55

Standart Kualitas Pelumas Motor 2Tak (Samping)
API JASO TISI ISO
TA FA
TB FB EGB
TC FC Pass/Fail EGC
Low Smoke Low Smoke Low Smoke Low Smoke

EGD
Low Smoke
Higher detergency
Transmisi
Kualitas Pelumas - Grease/Gemuk
Power Steering
 Kualitas Pelumas Power Steering
(Automatic Transmission Oil)
2000 MS-9602?
MERCON V MS-7176E
MS-7176D
DEXRON-III MERCON MS-7176C
1990 DEXRON-IIE
MERCON

M2C166-H MS-7176B
1980 M2C138CJ MS-7176
DEXRON-II M2C33 - G
1970
DEXRON M2C33 - F

1960 M2C33 C-D

Type A Suffix A M2C33 A-B

1950 Type A

1940

GM Ford Chrysler
 Standart Pelumas Lain

JASO – Japan Automobile Standart Organization.

ACEA – Association of European Automotive Manufacture.

ILSAC – International Lubricants Standardizaion and

Approval Committee.
NMMA – National Marine Manufacturers Association.

TISI – Thai Industrial Standarts Institute

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