KEPERAWATAN: ASUHAN
KEPERAWATAN & PENGKAJIAN
PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR
BAHASAN
Adaptasi Ekstrauterine
Bayi Baru Lahir
Adaptasi Respiratorik
Adaptasi Kardiovaskuler
http://www.nucleusinc.com
www.health.uab.edu/15541/)
Fetal
Newborn
http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/cvani
m/fetcirc/fetcirc.html
10
Lanjutan
Thermoregulasi:
Hypothermia Vs
Hyperthermia
14
www.who.int
16
Adaptasi Hepatik
Metabolisme karbohidrat
Koagulasi darah
Konjugasi bilirubin
Simpanan zat besi
17
Metabolisme Karbohidrat:
Koagulasi darah:
Konjugasi bilirubin:
Adaptasi Gastrointestinal
Adaptasi Renal
21
Adaptasi Immunologik
Adaptasi Neurologik
24
Adaptasi Hematopoetik
Adaptasi Perilaku
Asuhan Keperawatan
Aspek Pengkajian
Tujuan
Heart rate
Usaha nafas
Tonus otot
Refleks irritable
Warna kulit
31
Heart Rate
32
Usaha Nafas
Menangis keras
Pernafasan reguler
tercapai pada
beberapa menit
Pernafasan lambat
atau irreguler atau
apnu menunjukan
kesulitan nafas/depresi
pernafasan
33
Tonus Otot
Refleks Irritable
35
Warna Kulit
APGAR SCORE
37
APGAR
SCORE
APGAR
Clinical
0
Sign
Appearance
Color
Blue, pale
Pink body,
blue
extremities
Pulse
Heart
Rate
Absent
<100
>100
Grimace
Reflex
Irritability
No
responses
Crying
Crying vigorously,
sneeze, or cough
Activity
Muscle
Tone
Flaccid
Some
flexion of
the arms
and legs
Active movement
Respitatory
Respirator Absent
y Effort
Slow and
irregular
Good; crying
38
Pengkajian Fisik
40
Penampilan Umum
Penampilan Umum
Bayi sehat
42
Penampilan Umum
43
Physiologic
Jaundice:
Hyperbilirubinemia
Lanjutan
Penampilan & warna kulit:
46
Caput Vs Cephal?
48
49
www.waybuilder.net
50
51
52
Lanjutan
Kesimetrisan,
palatum, & gigi
geligi
Refleks: rooting,
suckling, menelan
53
Lanjutan
Dada:
Abdomen
Ekstremitas
Postur, pergerakan
Tonus otot
Nadi brachialis, radialis, femoralis
Jari-jari:
Jumlah
Refleks: genggam, moro
Garis tangan & kaki (palmar & sole creases)
Kuku
56
Genitalia
57
Vital Signs
Temperature - range 36.5 - 37C axillary
Common variations:
Crying may elevate temperature
Stabilizes in 8 to 10 hours after delivery
Signs of potential distress or deviations from expected
findings
Temperature is not reliable indicator of infection
59
General Measurements
Head circumference - 33 to 35 cm
Expected findings
Head should be 2 to 3 cms larger than the chest
Pengukuran
61
62
Pengkajian Integritas
Neuromuskular
Reflek Primitif
Cross
extention
64
Rooting
Moro
65
Genggam
66
Stepping
www.sawf.org
Tonic neck
Pro.corbis.co
m
67
Lanjutan
Maturitas fisik:
69
Maturitas neuromuskular:
Posture
Square window (wrist)
Arm recoil
Scarf sign
Heel to ear
70
Maturasi Fisik
71
72
Ballard Score
74
Lanjutan
Pengkajian temperamen
bayi:
Habituation
Orientation
Maturasi motorik
Variation
Self-quieting ability
Social behaviors
Direkomendasikan dilakukan pd hari ke 3
setelah ditemukan adanya disorganisasi
perilaku pada hari ke 2 & ke 3 paska lahir
78
Penjelasan
Variation
Masalah/Diagnosis
Tujuan Perawatan
82
Intervensi Keperawatan
Pengaturan posisi:
Appropriate clothing
and bedding
Mother and baby
together
Warm transportation
Warm resuscitation
Training/awareness
raising
85
Bathe quickly
Warm room ; warm water
Bathing the infant - if his temperature is normal - not before 6 hours after
birth
87
Pencegahan Infeksi
Cuci tangan
Profilaksis mata
Perawatan tali pusat
Kebersihan lingkungan
Perawatan/kebersihan genitalia
88
Kenyamanan fisik
Ibu menyusui bayi, kontak kulit
Informasi yang adekuat tentang kondisi
bayinya
Selimut tambahan
TERIMA KASIH
90