-LAPORAN PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN STUDIO TUGAS AKHIR-

-DAFTAR ISI-

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL
ABSTRAK.......................................................................................................... i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN............................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR......................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................... v
DAFTAR BAGAN.............................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR.......................................................................................... vii

BAB I : PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..........................................................................4
1.3 Tujuan ............................................................................................4
1.4 Ruang Lingkup ...............................................................................5
1.5 Metodologi Penulisan ...................................................................5
1.5.1. Data yang Dikumpulkan.......................................................5
1.5.2. Cara Pengumpulan Data.......................................................6
1.5.3. Analisa Data.........................................................................7
1.5.4. Konsep Perancangan.............................................................8
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan.....................................................................8
1.7 Kerangka Berfikir ..........................................................................10

BAB II : TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Tinjauan Judul Perancangan...........................................................11
2.1.1. Deskripsi Judul.....................................................................11
2.1.2. Pengertian Judul...................................................................11
2.2 Tinjauan Anak Jalanan....................................................................12
2.2.1 Definisi Anak Jalanan...........................................................12
2.2.2 Ciri-Ciri Anak Jalanan..........................................................13
2.2.3 Indikator Anak Jalanan.........................................................14

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2.2.4. Faktor-Faktor Keberadaan Anak Jalanan.............................16

2.2.5. Prilaku Anak Jalanan...........................................................17
2.2.6. Solusi Permasalahan Anak Jalanan...................................17
2.3 Tinjauan Rumah Singgah................................................................18
2.4 Tinjauan Sistem Pembinaan Anak Jalanan.....................................21
2.4.1. Kelompok Belajar.................................................................21
2.4.2. Kekreatifitasan Anak Jalanan...............................................25
2.4.3. Pemberdayaan Keluarga Anak Jalanan................................25
2.5 Tinjauan Kontekstual.......................................................................26
2.5.1. Tinjauan Kota Palembang.....................................................26
2.5.2. Rencana Tata Ruang Kota Palembang..................................30
2.6 Tinjaun Arsitektural .......................................................................32
2.6.1. Arsitektur Organik................................................................32

BAB III : TINJAUAN ANAK JALANAN PALEMBANG

3.1. Tinjauan Hasil Pengamatan Anak Jalanan Palembang..................38
3.1.1 Kegiatan Anak Jalanan..........................................................38
3.1.2. Lokasi Kegiatan Anak Jalanan...............................................40
3.1.3. Waktu Kegiatan Anak Jalanan...............................................41
3.2. Konsep Pembinaan.........................................................................43
3.2.1 Jenis Kegiatan.........................................................................44
3.2.2. Lokasi Pemetaan....................................................................45
3.2.3. Sistem Pelaksanaan Kegiatan................................................50
3.3. Tinjauan Hasil Pengamatan Pusat Pembinaan...............................52
3.3.1 Yayasan Pondok Bina Seni Budaya Palembang..............52
3.3.2. Yayasan Pelangi Khatulistiwa (PEKA)..................................55
3.3.3. Panti Rehabilitasi Anak Nusantara Palembang.....................58
3.3.4 Panti Sosial Bina Anak dan Remaja Palembang...................60

BAB IV : METODE PERANCANGAN

4.1 Skematik Perancangan....................................................................63
4.2 Azas dan Dasar Perancangan..........................................................64

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4.2.1 Dasar Perancangan..................................................................64

A. Direct Analogy.......................................................................67
B. Personal Analog...68
4.2.2.Azas Perancangan....................................................................68
4.3 Metode Perancangan.......................................................................71

BAB V : ANALISA
5.1 Analisa Fungsional..........................................................................74
5.1.1. Struktur Kegiatan..................................................................74
5.1.2. Struktur Organisasi Pelaku...................................................75
5.1.3. Analisa Kapasitas.................................................................76
5.1.4. Analisa Pelaku, Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Ruang.................77
5.2 Analisa Spasial ...............................................................................85
5.2.1. Standar Perancangan............................................................85
5.2.2. Analisa Kebutuhan, Kapasitas dan Besaran Ruang..............89
5.2.3. Analisa Kebutuhan Ruang Terbuka......................................91
5.2.4. Analisa Kebutuhan Ruang Parkir.........................................92
5.2.5. Analisa Hubungan Kelompok Kegiatan Makro....................94
5.2.6. Analisa Hubungan Ruang.....................................................94
A. Kegiatan Pengelola..............................................................95
B. Kegiatan Kelompok Belajar ................................96
C. Kegiatan Galeri Hasil Karya ..................................................96
D.Kegiatan Pelatihan Keterampilan Khusus ...........................97
E. Kegiatan Hunian..98
5.3 Analisa Kontekstual .......................................................................99
5.3.1. Analisa Eksisting Tapak........................................................102
5.3.2. Analisa Regulasi Tapak.........................................................103
5.3.3. Analisa Topografi..................................................................104
5.3.4. Analisa Drainase...................................................................105
5.3.5. Analisa Vegetasi....................................................................106
5.3.6. Analisa Klimatologi..............................................................107
5.3.7. Analisa Kebisingan...............................................................108

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5.3.8. Analisa View.........................................................................109

5.3.9. Analisa Pencapaian ke Tapak................................................112
5.3.10. Analisa Sirkulasi Tapak......................................................113
5.3.11.Analisa Parkir......................................................................115
5.4 Analisa Bangunan
5.4.1. Analisa Massa Bangunan......................................................117
5.4.2. Perletakkan Massa Bangunan...............................................118
5.4.3. Orientasi Massa Bangunan...................................................120
5.4.4. Analisa Sirkulasi Bangunan..................................................121
5.4.5. Analisa Pencapaian Bangunan..............................................122
5.4.6. Analisa Gubahan Massa........................................................122
5.5 Analisa Struktural...........................................................................126
5.5.1. Material Bambu....................................................................126
5.5.2. Struktur Bangunan................................................................128
A. Analisa Struktur Pondasi......................................................128
B. Analisa Struktur Rangka Bangunan dan Modul...................131
C. Analisa Struktur Atap............................................................132
5.6 AnalisaUtilitas ................................................................................135
5.6.1. Pencahayaan.........................................................................135
A. Pencahayaan Buatan....135
B. Pencahayaan Alami136
5.6.2. Penghawaan.........................................................................136
5.6.3. Kelembaban Udara...............................................................138
5.6.4. Sistem Air Bersih..................................................................138
5.6.5. Sistem Air Kotor..................................................................139
5.6.6. Pembuangan Sampah...........................................................140
5.6.7. Sistem Kebakaran................................................................140
BAB VI : KONSEP
6.1 Konsep Fungsional..........................................................................143
6.1.1. Konsep Pembinaan................................................................143
6.1.2. Konsep Kegiatan ..................................................................144

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6.1.3. Konsep Pemetaan..................................................................145

6.2 Konsep Bangunan............................................................................145
6.2.1. Konsep Analogy...............................145
6.2.2. Konsep Perletakkan Massa Bangunan............................. 146
6.2.3. Konsep Tematik Bangunan.................................................146
6.3 Konsep Tapak .................................................................................150
6.3.1. Konsep Entrance Tapak.......................................................150
6.3.2. Konsep Penzoningan ...........................................................150
6.3.3. Konsep Sirkulasi Tapak151
6.3.4. Konsep Orientasi .................................................................152
6.3.5. Konsep Vegetasi ..................................................................153
6.3.6. Konsep Parkir.......................................................................154

BAB VII : TRANSFORMASI KONSEP DAN HASIL RANCANGAN

7.1 Transformasi Konsep......................................................................
7.2 Gambar Hasil Rancangan................................................................

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .........................................................................................155

LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1. Jumlah Anak Jalanan Kota Palembang 2 Tahun terakhir...................2

Tabel 1.2. Jumlah Anak Jalanan Sumatera Selatan 5 Tahun terakhir..................2
Tabel 1.3. Jumlah Rumah Tangga Miskin
Sumatera Selatan 5 Tahun Terakhir..................................................2
Tabel 1.4. Jumlah Tindak Kekerasan
Sumatera Selatan 4 Tahun terakhir...................................................3
Tabel 2.1. Deskripsi Proyek................................................................................11
Tabel 2.2. Perkembangan Tidak Wajar Anak
Jalanan pada bidang rohani, jasmani, dan sosial...............................13
Tabel 2.3. Kategori Anak Jalanan........................................................................14
Tabel 2.4. Indikator Anak Jalanan.......................................................................14
Tabel 2.5 Struktur Kurikulum Paket A................................................................24
Tabel 2.6 Struktur Kurikulum Paket B................................................................24
Tabel 2.7 Jumlah Penduduk Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur dan Jenis
Kelamin di Kota Palembang pada Pertengahan Tahun 2009 ............27
Tabel 2.8 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Palembang Tahun 2006-2009..................27
Tabel 2.9 Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Jenis Kelamin dan Kecamatan
Pada Pertengahan 2009 ......................................................................28
Tabel 2.10 Jumlah Rumah Tangga di Kota Palembang Tahun
2007-2009.........................................................................................28
Tabel 2.11 Kepadatan Penduduk dan Jumlah Rumah Tangga Menurut
Kecamatan di Kota Palembang Tahun 2009...............................29
Tabel 2.12 Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial di Kota
Palembang........................................................................................29
Tabel 3.1 Deskripsi Kegiatan Pelatihan Keterampilan.......................................51
Tabel 4.1 Architectural Programming ................................................................72
Tabel 5.1. Deskripsi Kegiatan.............................................................................74
Tabel 5.2 Tabel Jumlah Anak Jalanan
Kota Palembang 2 Tahun terakhir......................................................76
Tabel 5.3. Analisa Pelaku, Kegiatan, dan Kebutuhan Ruang..............................77

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Tabel 5.4. Analisa Kebutuhan, Kapasitas dan Besaran Ruang............................89

Tabel 5.5. Analisa Kebutuhan, Kapasitas dan Besaran Ruang terbuka...............91
Tabel 5.6 Matriks Hubungan Kelompok Kegiatan Makro..................................94
Tabel 5.7. Matriks Hubungan Ruang Pengelola..................................................95
Tabel 5.8 Matriks Hubungan Ruang Kegiatan Kelompok Belajar......................96
Tabel 5.9 Matriks Hubungan Ruang Kegiatan Galery Hasil Karya....................96
Tabel 5.10. Matriks Hubungan Ruang
Kegiatan Pelatihan Keterampilan Khusus......................................97
Tabel 5.11 Matriks Hubungan Ruang Kegiatan Hunian......................................98
Tabel 5.12 Data Tapak Alternatif 1......................................................................100
Tabel 5.13 Data Tapak Alternatif 2.....................................................................101
Tabel 5.14 Tabel Penilaiann Tapak.....................................................................101
Tabel 5.15 Analisa Massa Bangunan.................................................................117
Tabel 5.16 Analisa Perletakkan Massa Bangunan..............................................118
Tabel 5.17 Analisa Orientasi Massa Bangunan..................................................120
Tabel 5.18 Analisa Sirkulasi Bangunan..............................................................121
Tabel 5.19 Analisa Kekurangan dan Kelebihan Bambu......................................126
Tabel 5.20 Analisa Jenis Bambu Konstruksi.......................................................126
Tabel 5.21 Analisa Jenis dan Peruntukkan Bambu ............................................126
Tabel 5.22 Analisa Pondasi ................................................................................130
Tabel 5.23 Analisa Pondasi yang Digunakan......................................................130
Tabel 5.24 Analisa Alternatif Modul...................................................................132
Tabel 5.25 Analisa Jenis Konstruksi Atap...........................................................133
Tabel 5.26 Analisa Fungsi Atap...........................................................................133
Tabel 5.27 Kebutuhan Lux.................................................................................135
Tabel 5.28 Kebutuhan Air Bersih........................................................................138
Tabel 6.1 Deskripsi kegiatan pelatihan keterampilan..........................................144

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DAFTAR BAGAN

Bagan 1.1 Kerangka Berfikir..............................................................................10

Bagan 2.1. Tahap Pelayanan Rumah Singgah.....................................................21
Bagan 3.1 Analisa Aktifitas Anak Jalanan Palembang.......................................39
Bagan 3.2 Analisa Lokasi Kegiatan Anak Jalanan Palembang...........................41
Bagan 3.3 Struktur Organisasi YPBSB...............................................................53
Bagan 4.1 Skematik Perancangan.......................................................................63
Bagan 4.2 Analogi Biologis................................................................................66
Bagan 4.3 Dasar Analogi Biologis......................................................................66
Bagan 5.1. Struktur Kegiatan..............................................................................74
Bagan 5.2. Struktur Organisasi Pelaku................................................................75
Bagan 5.3 Pencahayaan.......................................................................................135
Bagan 5.4 Pencahayaan Buatan..........................................................................136
Bagan 5.5 Sistem Pendistribusian Air Bersih......................................................139
Bagan 5.6 Sistem Pembuangan Air Kotor...........................................................140
Bagan 5.7 Sistem Pendistribusian Sampah.........................................................140
Bagan 6.1 Konsep Pembinaan.............................................................................143
Bagan 6.2 Prinsip Arsitektur Organik.............................................147

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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Rencana Pengembangan Kota.......................................................30
Gambar 2.2 Rencana Tata Guna Lahan..............................................................31
Gambar 2.3 Rencana Kerangka Struktur Jalan..................................................31
Gambar 2.4 Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan......................................31
Gambar 2.5 Falling Water House Contoh Arsitektur Organik...........................37
Gambar 3.1 Anak Jalanan di Pasar 7 Ulu Palembang........................................38
Gambar 3.2 Anak Jalanan di Simpang Jakabaring Palembang..........................38
Gambar 3.3. Anak Jalanan di Simpang Charitas Palembang.............................40
Gambar 3.4 Pemetaan Wadah Kegiatan Anak Jalanan Palembang....................46
Gambar 3.5 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan kertapati.........................................46
Gambar 3.6 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan Simpang Jakabring........................47
Gambar 3.7 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan Simpang Charitas..........................48
Gambar 3.8 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan Simpang Polda..............................48
Gambar 3.9 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan Simpang Soekarno Hatta...............49
Gambar 3.10 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan Simpang Patal..............................49
Gambar 3.11 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan 14-15 Ilir......................................50
Gambar 3.12 Alternatif tapak pada kawasan 30 Ilir...........................................50
Gambar 3.13 Yayasan Pondok Bina Seni Budaya Palembang...........................52
Gambar 3.14 Lokasi Pelatihan Keterampilan Pertamanan
di Simpang Celentang Palembang...............................................54
Gambar 3.15 Yayasan Pelangi Khatulistiwa......................................................55
Gambar 3.16 Pelatihan Otomotif Sepeda Motor................................................56
Gambar 3.17 Pelatihan Kreatifitas Anak Jalanan...............................................56
Gambar 3.18 Pelatihan Keterampilan Jahit........................................................57
Gambar 3.19 Pelatihan Seni Tari........................................................................57
Gambar 3.20 Kegiatan Belajar Tambahan..........................................................57
Gambar 3.21 Lokasi PRAN Palembang.............................................................58
Gambar 3.22 Fasilitas PRAN.............................................................................59
Gambar 3.23 Foto Eksisting PRAN...................................................................60
Gambar 3.24 Lokasi PSBAR Palembang...........................................................60
Gambar 3.25 Fasilitas PSBAR...........................................................................62

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Gambar 3.26 Foto Eksisting PSBAR.................................................................62

Gambar 5.1 Alternatif tapak 1............................................................................99
Gambar 5.2 Alternatif tapak 2............................................................................100
Gambar 5.3 Konsep Massa Bangunan...............................................................118
Gambar 5.4 Bentuk Terklaster............................................................................119
Gambar 5.5 Bentukkan Massa Kelompok Kegiatan..........................................120
Gambar 5.6 Sirkulasi Melewati Ruang..............................................................122
Gambar 5.7 Pencapaian Bangunan.....................................................................122
Gambar 5.8 Gubahan Massa..............................................................................124
Gambar 5.9 Atap Pembentuk Ruang..................................................................125
Gambar 5.10 Atap Pembentuk Ruang................................................................125
Gambar 5.11 Contoh Konstruksi Bambu Di Green School Bali........................127
Gambar 5.12 Pondasi menerus...........................................................................128
Gambar 5.13 Pondasi telapak.............................................................................129
Gambar 5.14 pondasi sumuran...........................................................................129
Gambar 5.15 Konstruksi Atap Bambu...............................................................134
Gambar 5.16 Konstruksi Atap Bambu 2............................................................135
Gambar 5.17 Ventilasi Silang.............................................................................137
Gambar 5.18 Tritisan Air Hujan dan Panas.......................................................137
Gambar 5.19 Peninggian atap dan lantai............................................................137
Gambar 5.20 (a) Hidran kebakaran dalam gedung
(b) Hidran Kebakaran di Halaman..............................................141
Gambar 6.1 Fungsional Kegiatan.......................................................................144
Gambar 6.2 Pemetaan Wadah Kegiatan.............................................................145
Gambar 6.3 Konsep Analogy.............................................................................145
Gambar 6.4 Konsep Perletakkan Massa............................................................146
Gambar 6.5 Konsep entrance tapak...................................................................150
Gambar 6.6 Konsep PenzoninganTapak............................................................150
Gambar 6.7 Konsep Sirkulasi Tapak.................................................................151
Gambar 6.8 Konsep Orientasi Tapak.................................................................152
Gambar 6.9 Konsep vegetasi Tapak..................................................................153
Gambar 6.10 Konsep Parkir Tapak..................................................................154

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