POMPA - 01

Fungsi : Mengalirkan hasil R-01 ke R-02

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam
C3H6O 1225.9399719 0.0706660483 58 21.1368960671
H2O 12213.686999 0.7040254944 18 678.538166614
CH4O 3908.7319953 0.2253084573 32 122.147874854
H2SO4 2276.0734481 0.1311981988 98 23.2252392662
C3H8O2 4232.6125197 0.2439776885 76 55.6922699967
Total = 17348.358966 1 108 821.822937535

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303
komponen A B n Tc
C3H6O 0.31226 0.27634 0.29353 482.25
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13
CH4O 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 5.1258E+02
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925
C3H8O2 0.31839 0.26106 0.20459 626
Total
Densitas : 416.06830224 kg/m3 = 25.9734254471 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30oC)

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303
komponen A B C D
C3H6O -7.2842 975.39 0.017425 -0.00001916
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631
CH4O -9.0562E+00 1.2542E+03 2.2383E-02 -2.3538E-05
H2SO4 -18.7045 3496.2 0.03308 -0.000017018
C3H8O2 -29.492 5245.6 0.058169 -0.000042343
Total
Viskositas : 2.7015 cp = 0.0018155066 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
jam kg 3600 dt
= 17348.3590
25.9734 lb/ft3
= 0.40903 ft3/dt = 41.7019 m3/jam =
 Xmol
0.0257195256
0.8256500709
0.1486304036
0.0282606365
0.0677667505
1

K
ρ, kg/m3 ρ.x
817.060580549 57.73844241
1023.01298721 720.2272241
782.806687531 176.3729671
1826.97123393 239.6953351
1028.89412141 251.0272094
2609.77792147 416.0683022

K
μ, cp μ.x
0.2855 0.0202
0.8177 0.5757
0.5060 0.1140
19.7219 2.5875
36.1368 8.8166
20.2278 2.7015

211.5771 gpm
A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45
 0 ,13
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496)
= 3.983320377 in

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 2.5 in
ID = 2.469 in =
OD = 2.88 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 4.79 in2 =

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v
A Keterangan :
= 12.295479401 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/d
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v.
N Re 

= 36192.343577773

(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer)

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v2 - v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 =0
Velocity head 
2..g C
b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 3.28 ft
Z2 = 23.94 ft
32,174 ft/s 2
ΔZ = 20.66 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2

= 20.66 ft lbf/lbm
s.15 Peters, hal 496)

0.20575 ft

0.0332670398 ft2

= laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt

= luas penampang, ft2

Keterangan :
ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

ft lbf/lbm
 1 m 3.28 f

32,174 ft/s 2
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2
c. Menghitung pressure head
P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


= 0.0385008902 ft / lbm
3

P
 Vs x P

= 0.0385 .ft3/ lbm x
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D

e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe :

Diketahui harga :
  
Relative roughness :   
 D
Friction factor (f) :

f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown )

 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2

Keterangan :
(Pers, Peters hal 512) f = faktor friksi
v = kecepatan linier fluida
Le = panjang ekuivalen
gc = faktor konversi
D = diameter dalam pipa

36192.34 np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000
0.0008 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141) n = ns * (1 - slip)%
0.022 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140) actual speed : n = 2910
dipilih : n = 3000
 Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
rpm Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
rpm Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 3.00%
rpm
 No Jenis Jumlah Le (ft)
1 Pipa lurus 3 30.5
2 Elbow 90o 3 15
3 Gate Valve 1 1.5
Jumlah
 Le = 138.0 ft
2
2.f .v .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 139.42250 ft lbf/lbm

 V 2 0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head= =
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = = 20.6640 ft lbf/lbm
g C
P
Pressure head = = 0.0000 ft lbf/lbm

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = = 139.4225 ft lbf/lbm
g C .D
160.0865 ft lbf/lbm

untuk Q = 20.2278 m3/jam dan total head : 48.7944

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas

g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis

Keterangan :
Q.  Wf . Q = kecepatan volumetrik
BHP teoritis 
550 h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

BHPteoritis = 0.4090 ft3/dt x 160.0865 ft lbf/lbm x

550
= 3.0923 Hp

h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

41.7019 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 40%
 BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 7.7307 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP:

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 7.73074 Hp/ 81%
= 9.5441 Hp
= 7117.05 watt

Dipakai motor = 1.5 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 211.5771 gpm
h = head, ft
= 160.0865 ft 48.7950
Ns = 969.59327002 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 969.593 rpm

Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 969.593 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Mixed Flow Impellers
  Le
91.5
45
1.5
138.0

m diperoleh jenis pompa

cepatan volumetrik

nsitas fluida

25.97343 lb/ft3
 7.73074 Hp

cific Speed-nya, jika:

xed Flow Impellers

e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe :

Diketahui harga :
 
Relative roughness :  
D
Friction factor (f) :

f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown )

No Jenis
1 Pipa lurus
2 Elbow 90o
3 Gate Valve

 Le = 301.0
2.f .v 2 .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 12.11140

 V 2
Velocity head= =
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = g C =

P
Pressure head = =

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = g C .D =

untuk Q = 1.1032 m3/jam dan total head :

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas

g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis

Q.  Wf .
BHP teoritis 
550

BHPteoritis = 0.0522 ft3/dt x

= 0.1303 Hp
 101980.70

0.0008 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141)

0.022 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140)

Jumlah Le (ft)  Le
3 90.0 270.0 Kutub magnet (P) :
3 10 30 Frekuensi listrik :
1 1 1
Jumlah 301.0
ft

ft lbf/lbm

0 ft lbf/lbm

14.7600 ft lbf/lbm

0.0000 ft lbf/lbm

12.1114 ft lbf/lbm
26.8714 ft lbf/lbm

/jam dan total head : 8.1904 m diperoleh jenis pompa

Keterangan :
Q = kecepatan volumetrik
h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

26.8714 ft lbf/lbm x 51.07000079 lb/ft3

550
h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

5.3255 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 75%
BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 0.1738 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP:

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 0.17378 Hp/ 81.00%
= 0.2145 Hp
= 159.98 watt

Dipakai motor = 1 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 27.0193 gpm
h = head, ft
= 26.8714 ft
Ns = 1541.4792937 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 1541.479

Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 1541.479 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis:
gan kapasitas

0.17378

metric diperoleh

8.1905

rpm

an Specific Speed-nya, jika:

Mixed Flow Impellers

POMPA - 02

Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku C3H6O dari truk ke tangki

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam Xmol
C3H6O 4334.3523321306 0.995 58 74.7302126229 0.9840659341
Air 21.7806649856 0.005 18 1.2100369436 0.0159340659
Total = 4356.1329971162 1 76 75.9402495666 1

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B n Tc ρ, kg/m3 ρ.x
C3H6O 0.31226 0.27634 0.29353 482.25 817.0605805494 812.9752776467
Air 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1023.012987206 5.115064936
Total 1840.0735677554 818.0903425827
Densitas : 818.0903425827 kg/m3 = 51.0700007855 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30 C) o

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303 K

komponen A B C D μ, cp μ.x
C3H6O -7.2842 975.39 0.017425 -0.00001916 0.2855 0.2841
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631 0.8177 0.0041
Total 1.1032 0.2882
Viskositas : 0.2882 cp = 0.0001936642 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
jam kg 3600 dt
= 4356.1330
51.0700 lb/ft3
= 0.05224 ft3/dt = 5.3255 m3/jam = 27.0193 gpm

A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Keterangan :
Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45
 0 ,13 Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496) Qf = laju alir volumetrik, ft3/dt
= 1.7227043232 in ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in = 0.17225 ft
OD = 2.38 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 3.35 in2 = 0.0232660926 ft2

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v 
A Keterangan :
= 2.2451340095 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v. Keterangan :
N Re 
 ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
= 101980.70435285 D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer) μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v2- v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 = 0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head 
2..g C

b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 3.28 ft 1
Z2 = 18.04 ft
32,174 ft/s 2
ΔZ = 14.76 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2
= 14.76 ft lbf/lbm

c. Menghitung pressure head

P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


0.019580967 ft / lbm
3
=
P
 Vs x P

= 0.0196 .ft3/ lbm x 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D (Pers, Peters hal 512)
POMPA - 03

Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku CH4O dari truk ke tangki

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam Xmol
CH4O 4067.734496885 0.9807667382 32 127.1167030276 0.9663114878
Air 79.770040721 0.0192332618 18 4.4316689289 0.0336885122
Total = 4147.504537606 1 50 131.5483719566 1

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B n Tc ρ, kg/m3 ρ.x
CH4O 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 782.80668753 767.75076155
Air 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1023.0129872 19.67587664
Total 1805.8196747 787.42663819
Densitas : 787.4266381868 kg/m3 = 49.1557923832 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30oC)

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B C D μ, cp μ.x
CH4O -9.0562 1254.2 0.022383 -0.000023538 0.5060 0.4962
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631 0.8177 0.0157
Total 1.3237 0.5120
Viskositas : 0.5120 cp = 0.0003440612 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
= 4147.5045 jam kg 3600 dt

49.1558 lb/ft3
= 0.05167 ft3/dt = 5.2679 m3/jam = 26.7271 gpm
A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Keterangan :
Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45
 0 ,13 Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496) Qf = laju alir volumetrik, ft 3/dt
= 1.7058015254 in ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft 3

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in = 0.17225 ft
OD = 2.38 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 3.35 in2 = 0.023266093 ft2

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v 
A Keterangan :
= 2.2208497162 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v. Keterangan :
N Re 
 ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
= 54653.41984774 D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer) μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v2- v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 =0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head 
2..g C
b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 3.28 ft 1 m 3.28 f
Z2 = 23.94 ft 2
32,174 ft/s
ΔZ = 20.66 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2

= 20.66 ft lbf/lbm

c. Menghitung pressure head

P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


= 0.0203434825 ft / lbm
3

P
 Vs x P

= 0.0203 .ft3/ lbm x 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L Keterangan :
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D (Pers, Peters hal 512) f = faktor friksi
v = kecepatan linier fluida
Le = panjang ekuivalen
gc = faktor konversi
D = diameter dalam pipa
e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe : 54653.42

Diketahui harga : np = 120 * f / P
 
Relative roughness :    0.0008 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141) kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 1500 rpm
 D
Friction factor (f) : 0.023 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140) n = ns * (1 - slip)%
actual speed : n = 1455 rpm
f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown ) dipilih : n = 1500 rpm

No Jenis Jumlah Le (ft)  Le Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
1 Pipa lurus 3 90.0 270.0 Kutub magnet (P) : 4 buah 4 (2, 4, atau 6)
2 Elbow 90o 3 10 30 Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
3 Gate Valve 1 1.2 1.2 Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 3.00%
Jumlah 301.2
 Le = 301.2 ft
2.f .v 2 .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 12.39772 ft lbf/lbm

 V 2
0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head= =
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = = 20.6640 ft lbf/lbm
g C
P ft lbf/lbm
Pressure head = = 0.0000

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = = 12.3977 ft lbf/lbm
g C .D
33.0617 ft lbf/lbm

untuk Q = 1.3237 m3/jam dan total head : 10.0772 m diperoleh jenis pompa

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas
g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis
Keterangan :
Q.  Wf . Q = kecepatan volumetrik
BHP teoritis 
550 h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

BHPteoritis = 0.0517 ft3/dt x 33.0617 ft lbf/lbm x 49.1557923832 lb/ft3

550
= 0.1527 Hp

h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

26.7271 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 75%
BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 0.2036 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP: 0.20357 Hp

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 0.20357 Hp/ 81%
= 0.2513 Hp
= 187.41 watt

Dipakai motor = 1 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ 1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 26.7271 gpm
h = head, ft
= 33.0617 ft 10.0773
Ns = 562.4358822545 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 562.436 rpm

Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 562.436 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Radial Flow Impellers
POMPA - 04

Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku H2SO4 dari truk ke tangki

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam Xmol
H2SO4 2368.6147662 0.9964577716 98 24.169538431 0.9810134442
Air 8.42 0.0035422284 18 0.4677777778 0.0189865558
Total = 2377.0347662 1 116 24.637316209 1

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B n Tc ρ, kg/m3
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 1826.9712339345
Air 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1023.012987206
Total 2849.9842211405
Densitas : 1824.1234302 kg/m3 = 113.872490806 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30oC)

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B C D μ, cp
H2SO4 -18.7045 3496.2 0.03308 -0.000017018 19.7219
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631 0.8177
Total 20.5396
Viskositas : 19.6549 cp = 0.0132089493 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
= 2377.0348 jam kg 3600 dt

113.8725 lb/ft3
= 0.01278 ft3/dt = 1.3033 m3/jam = 6.6124
 ρ.x
1820.4996846
3.6237456324
1824.1234302

μ.x
19.6520
0.0029
19.6549

gpm
A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45
 0,13
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496)
= 1.0148229475 in

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in = 0.17225
OD = 2.38 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 3.35 in2 = 0.0232660926

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v
A Keterangan :
= 0.549444355 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v. Keterangan :
N Re 
 ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
= 815.893540718 D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer) μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v2 - v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 =0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head 
2..g C
 Keterangan :
Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
Qf = laju alir volumetrik, ft 3/dt
ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft 3

ft

ft2

tric, ft3/dt

densitas cairan, lb/ft3

= diameter dalam, ft
= kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
= viskositas, lb/ft.dtk
b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 3.28 ft
Z2 = 20.01 ft
32,174 ft/s 2
ΔZ = 16.73 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2

= 16.73 ft lbf/lbm

c. Menghitung pressure head

P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


= 0.0087817522 ft / lbm
3

P
 Vs x P

= 0.0088 .ft3/ lbm x 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D (Pers, Peters hal 512)

e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe : 815.89

Diketahui harga :
 
Relative roughness :    0.0008 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141)
D
Friction factor (f) :   0.042 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140)

f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown )

No Jenis Jumlah Le (ft)

 1 Pipa lurus 3 90.0
2 Elbow 90o 3 10
3 Gate Valve 1 1.2
Jumlah
 Le = 301.2 ft
2
2.f .v .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 1.38571 ft lbf/lbm

 V 2
Velocity head= = 0 ft lbf/lbm
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = g C = 16.7280 ft lbf/lbm

P
Pressure head = = 0.0000 ft lbf/lbm

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = g C .D = 1.3857 ft lbf/lbm
18.1137 ft lbf/lbm

untuk Q = 20.5396 m3/jam dan total head : 5.5211

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas
 1 m 3.28 f

m x 2116,33 lbf/ft2

Keterangan :
f = faktor friksi
v = kecepatan linier fluida
Le = panjang ekuivalen
gc = faktor konversi
D = diameter dalam pipa

np = 120 * f / P
own, fig,126 hal 141) kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm
own, fig,125 hal ,140) n = ns * (1 - slip)%
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih n = 3000 rpm

 Le Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
 270.0 Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
30 Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
1.2 Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 3.00%
301.2

m diperoleh jenis pompa

tor induksi atau motor sinkron)
(2, 4, atau 6)
g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis
Keterangan :
Q.  Wf . Q = kecepatan volumetrik
BHP teoritis 
550 h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

BHPteoritis = 0.0128 ft3/dt x 18.1137 ft lbf/lbm x

550
= 0.0479 Hp

h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

6.6124 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 75%
BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 0.0639 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP:

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 0.06392 Hp/ 81.00%
= 0.0789 Hp
= 58.85 watt

Dipakai motor = 1 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ 1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 6.6124 gpm
h = head, ft
= 18.1137 ft 5.5211
Ns = 878.60533547 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 878.605 rpm
Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan N 878.605 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Radial Flow Impellers
cepatan volumetrik

nsitas fluida

113.8724908 lb/ft3

0.06392 Hp
an Specific Speed-nya, jika:

dial Flow Impellers

 POMPA_05
Tugas : Mengalirkan air dari Tangki Penyimpan ke Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
2
tinggi reaktor : 3.9506
Reaktor

kebutuhan : 13600.005695
Tangki
Penyimpan 1 waktu operasi pompa : kontinyu

suhu operasi : T = 30 0C 303.150 K

arus total/awal P = 1 atm
Komponen IN, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP wi * 
C3H60 0 58 0 0.2850377 0
CH4O 0 32 0 0.5050006 0
H2O 755.5558719 18 13600.0056948622 1022.8752672 0.8150345 1022.8752672
C3H8O2 0 76 0 35.831005 0
H2SO4 0 98 0 19.61795 0
Ca(OH)2 0 74 0 0.1171 0
CaSO4 0 136 0 0.1171 0
755.5558719 13600.0056948622 1022.8752672

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 30 52 0C

tekanan : P = 1 2.253 atm

tinggi : Z = 1 3.9506 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 5 50 m
flowrate : Fv = 13600.0056948622 13600.0056949 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 16320.0068338347 16320.0068338 kg/jam overdesign 20 %
densitas :  = 1022.875267204 1022.8752672 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.8150 0.8150 cP
debit : Q = 15.9550312312 15.9550312312 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 4.5333352316 4.5333352316 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel non korosif
diameter pipa : Dopt = 1.8755052122 1.8755052122 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 2 2 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter luar pipa : OD = 2.375 2.375 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40 [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 2.067 2.067 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter tangki : Dt = 576 78.3103 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 2.6376253069857E-05 0.0014269881 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 2.0482224152 2.0482224152 m/s sesuai
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 1.3496E+05 1.3496E+05 turbulent
 m

kg/jam

Keterangan : diambil pada arus masuk awal, pada saat loading awal
wi * ln  (operasi pertama kali)
0
0
-0.2045248696
0
0
0
0
-0.2045248696

1
1
1

erdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
Re =  * vp * ID / 
Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0.0001249182 m P = P2 - P1
static head : Z = 2.9506023389 m Z = Z2 - Z1
velocity head : V = 0.2138233976 m V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0009 0.0009 [Brown fig 126]
f = 0.019 0.019 [Brown fig 125]
f = 0.0060426621 0.0060426621 Le turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16
elbow : n = 1 3 3.5 [Brown fig 127]
standard tee : n = 11 [Brown fig 127]
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2 [Brown fig 127]
globe valve : n = 1 55 [Brown fig 127]
Le = 4.7 65.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 6.4325599542 69.9643993611 m
Fs = 2.62521670165385E-11 1.721814866 m F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*
Fs valve = 0.5165444598 m Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
Fs valve minimum = 4.9828558013 m [Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = 6.7046706673 m Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr
total head : head = 9.8692 m head = P/(r*g) +
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 9.8692 m (-Ws) = head + Q
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 9.8692 m 32.379336 ft
Q = 15.9550312312 m3/jam 70.255532 gpm
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage 3500 rpm
np = 120 * f / P Penggerak :
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm Slip :
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 1852.5100052573 rpm Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps : Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.5883732081 HP P = (-Ws) * Q *
0.4387499013 kW Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q =
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.7720
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7772
power input pompa : P' = 0.7621076644 HP P' = P / eff.pompa
power motor : Pm = 0.9805890293 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 1 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5 20
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5 25
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10 30
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15 40

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.0419 atm 31.8648994496 mmHg
T = 30.0000 0C 303.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 643.5494 20.1962 0.0000
CH4O 0.0000 0.0000 163.0222 5.1160 0.0000
H2O 755.5559 1.0000 31.8649 1.0000 1.0000
C3H8O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.2023 0.0063 0.0000
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
755.5559 1.0000 1.0000
tol : 0.0000
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.0419 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) : (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / (
[Pery] (NPSH) A
= 10.8882069679 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head) (NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H
[Wallas] (NPSH) R
= 5.2644107903 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

rown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

rown fig 125]
rbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]

= f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

s valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
oulson p. 156]
s total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
ead = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

Ws) = head + Q

0.1565129624 ft3/s 0.26591719 m3/min

Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
50 Hz 50
2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

s = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
utaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

= (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
ower pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

= P / eff.pompa

60 150
75 200
100
125
PSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

PSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

bove this capacity.

 POMPA_06
Tugas : Mengalirkan PO dari Tangki Penyimpan ke Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, radial flow impeller
2
tinggi reaktor :
Reaktor

kebutuhan :
Tangki
Penyimpan 1 waktu operasi pompa :

suhu operasi : T = 30 0C 303.150

arus total/awal P = 1 atm
Komponen IN, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP
C3H60 77.77014751 58 4510.6685554627 816.867501338 0.2850377073
CH4O 32 0.505000572
H2O 1.259259787 18 22.6666761581 1022.8752672 0.8150344721
C3H8O2 76 35.8310051823
H2SO4 98 19.6179499231
Ca(OH)2 74 2000 0.1171
CaSO4 136 2000 0.1171
79.02940729 4533.3352316208

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 30 52 0C

tekanan : P = 1 2.253479574 atm

tinggi : Z
panjang linier pipa : L
flowrate : Fv
(Fv)design
densitas : 
viskositas : 
debit : Q
mass flowrate : G
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel
diameter pipa : Dopt
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS
diameter luar pipa : OD
Schedule Number : Sch
diameter dalam pipa : ID
diameter tangki : Dt
kecepatan pd tangki : vt
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re
= 1 3.9506 m
= 5 50 m
= 4533.3352316208 4533.33523162 kg/jam
= 5440.0022779449 5440.00227794 kg/jam
= 817.8975401673 817.897540167 kg/m3
= 0.2865 0.2865 cP
= 6.6512026394 6.6512026394 m3/jam
= 1.5111117439 1.5111117439 kg/s
carbon steel
= 1.1506706082 1.1506706082 in
= 1.5 1.5 in
= 1.9 1.9 in
= 80 80
= 1.5 1.5 in
= 432 78.3103 in
= 1.9529813787E-05 0.0005943303 m/s
= 1.6198808747 1.6198808747 m/s
= 1.7617E+05 1.7617E+05

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0.0001562246 m
static head : Z = 2.9506023389 m
velocity head : V = 0.1337417965 m
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0012 0.0012
f = 0.0085 0.0085
f = 0.0057904494 0.0057904494 Le
elbow : n = 1 3 1.75
standard tee : n = 5.5
gate valve fully open : n = 1 0.6
globe valve : n = 1 27
Le = 2.35 32.25 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 5.7162799771 59.8297996854 m
Fs = 1.6888768623E-11 1.2161075754 m
 Fs valve = 0.3648322726 m
Fs valve minimum = 6.2316362489 m
Fs total = 7.4477438244 m
total head : head = 10.5322 m
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 10.5322 m
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 10.5322 m 34.5546080101
Q = 6.6512026394 m3/jam 29.2875501516
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage
np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 1139.1562555031 rpm
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : radial flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.2093002105 HP
0.1560751669 kW
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.5033
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7758
power input pompa : P' = 0.4158913338 HP
power motor : Pm = 0.5360941662 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 3/ 4 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15
 3.9506 m

4533.3352316 kg/jam
kontinyu

K
Keterangan : diambil pada arus masuk awal, pada saat loading awal
wi *  wi * ln  (operasi pertama kali)
812.78316383 -1.2488581323
0 0
5.114376336 -0.0010226243
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
817.89754017 -1.2498807566

1
1
1

overdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 

P = P2 - P1
Z = Z2 - Z1
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

[Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

[Brown fig 125]
turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]

F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

 Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
[Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

(-Ws) = head + Q

ft
gpm 0.0652458408 ft3/s 0.11085338 m3/min
3500 rpm
Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

P' = P / eff.pompa

p
20 60 150
25 75 200
30 100
40 125
Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.8339 atm 633.7519043916 mmHg
T = 30.0000 C
0
303.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 77.7701 0.9841 643.5494 1.0155 0.9993
CH4O 0.0000 0.0000 163.0222 0.2572 0.0000
H2O 1.2593 0.0159 31.8649 0.0503 0.0008
C3H8O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.2023 0.0003 0.0000
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
79.0294 1.0000 1.0001
tol : 8034.4576
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.8339 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) :
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 3.2315218247 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head)
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 2.7528344005 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi
 (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

(NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

6 m above this capacity.

 POMPA_08
Tugas : Mengalirkan metanol dari Tangki Penyimpan ke Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, radial flow impeller
2
tinggi reaktor :
Reaktor

kebutuhan :
Tangki
Penyimpan 1 waktu operasi pompa :

suhu operasi : T = 30 0C 303.150

arus total/awal P = 1 atm
Komponen IN, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP
C3H60 0 58 0
CH4O 127.116703 32 4067.7344968846 782.668593842 0.505000572
H2O 4.431668929 18 79.770040721 1022.8752672 0.8150344721
C3H8O2 0 76 0
H2SO4 0 98 0
Ca(OH)2 0 74 0 2000 0.1171
CaSO4 0 136 0 2000 0.1171
131.548372 4147.5045376056

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 30 30 0C

tekanan : P = 1 2.253479574 atm

tinggi : Z
panjang linier pipa : L
flowrate : Fv
(Fv)design
densitas : 
viskositas : 
debit : Q
mass flowrate : G
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel
diameter pipa : Dopt
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS
diameter luar pipa : OD
Schedule Number : Sch
diameter dalam pipa : ID
diameter tangki : Dt
kecepatan pd tangki : vt
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re
= 1 3.9506 m
= 5 50 m
= 4147.5045376056 4147.50453761 kg/jam
= 4977.0054451267 4977.00544513 kg/jam
= 787.288551685 787.288551685 kg/m3
= 0.5097 0.5097 cP
= 6.3217043287 6.3217043287 m3/jam
= 1.3825015125 1.3825015125 kg/s
carbon steel
= 1.1142738927 1.1142738927 in
= 1 1 in
= 1.315 1.315 in
= 40 40
= 1.049 1.049 in
= 288 78.3103 in
= 4.1765205311E-05 0.0005648874 m/s
= 3.1481007281 3.1481007281 m/s
= 1.2957E+05 1.2957E+05

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0.0001622984 m
static head : Z = 2.9506023389 m
velocity head : V = 0.5051242708 m
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0018 0.0018
f = 0.0235 0.0235
f = 0.0060821865 0.0060821865 Le
elbow : n = 1 3 1.75
standard tee : n = 5.5
gate valve fully open : n = 1 0.6
globe valve : n = 1 27
Le = 2.35 32.25 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 5.7162799771 59.8297996854 m
Fs = 1.1600968845E-10 6.8986850081 m
 Fs valve = 2.0696055025 m
Fs valve minimum = 6.47391601 m
Fs total = 13.3726010182 m
total head : head = 16.8285 m
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 16.8285 m
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]
 3.9506 m

4147.5045376 kg/jam
kontinyu

K
Keterangan : diambil pada arus masuk awal, pada saat loading awal
wi *  wi * ln  (operasi pertama kali)

767.61532385 -0.670055635
19.673227836 -0.0039336804

787.28855168 -0.6739893154

1
1
1

overdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
tidak sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 

P = P2 - P1
Z = Z2 - Z1
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

[Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

[Brown fig 125]
turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]

F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
[Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

(-Ws) = head + Q
Spesifikasi pompa dan motor
Total Head = 16.8285 m 55.2115828898
Q = 6.3217043287 m3/jam 27.836654904
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage
np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 781.4606759754 rpm
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : radial flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.3059587846 HP
0.2281534657 kW
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.4937
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7761
power input pompa : P' = 0.6196782648 HP
power motor : Pm = 0.7984096325 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 1/ 3 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833 0.3333 1.5 7.5
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10
0.1667 0.75 3 15

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.2083 atm 158.3443761966 mmHg
T = 30.0000 0C 303.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 643.5494 4.0642 0.0000
CH4O 127.1167 0.9663 163.0222 1.0295 0.9949
H2O 4.4317 0.0337 31.8649 0.2012 0.0068
C3H8O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.2023 0.0013 0.0000
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
131.5484 1.0000 1.0016
tol : 163749.7386
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.2083 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) :
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 11.8911180236 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head)
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 1.6655021304 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi
 ft
gpm 0.0620135841 ft3/s 0.10536174 m3/min
3500 rpm
Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

P' = P / eff.pompa

p
20 60 150
25 75 200
30 100
40 125

(NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

(NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

6 m above this capacity.

 POMPA_07
Tugas : Mengalirkan larutan asam sulfat dari Tangki Penyimpan ke Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, radial flow impeller
2
tinggi reaktor : 3.9506
Reaktor

kebutuhan : 2377.0347662
Tangki
Penyimpan 1 waktu operasi pompa : kontinyu

suhu operasi : T = 30 0C 303.150 K

arus total/awal P = 1 atm
Komponen IN, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP wi * 
C3H60 0 58 0
CH4O 0 32 0
H2O 0.467777778 18 8.42 1022.8752672 0.8150345 3.6232577967
C3H8O2 0 76 0
H2SO4 24.16953843 98 2368.6147662481 1826.78667502 19.61795 1820.3157794
Ca(OH)2 0 74 0 2000 0.1171
CaSO4 0 136 0 2000 0.1171
24.63731621 2377.0347662481 1823.9390372

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 30 30 0C

tekanan : P = 1 2.253479574 atm

tinggi : Z = 1 3.9506 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 5 50 m
flowrate : Fv = 2377.0347662481 2377.03476625 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 2852.4417194977 2852.4417195 kg/jam overdesign 20 %
densitas :  = 1823.9390372175 1823.93903722 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 19.3981 19.3981 cP
debit : Q = 1.5638909313 1.5638909313 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 0.7923449221 0.7923449221 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : stainless steel stainless steel korosif
diameter pipa : Dopt = 0.5719765851 0.5719765851 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 0.5 0.5 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter luar pipa : OD = 0.84 0.84 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
Schedule Number : Sch = 80 80 [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 0.546 0.546 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter tangki : Dt = 240.0000 78.3103 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 1.4878165808E-05 0.0001397443 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 2.8746607044 2.8746607044 m/s sesuai
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 3.7485E+03 3.7485E+03 turbulent
 m

kg/jam

Keterangan : diambil pada arus masuk awal, pada saat loading awal
wi * ln  (operasi pertama kali)

-0.0007244738

2.9659017117

2.9651772379

1
1
1

erdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
Re =  * vp * ID / 
Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 7.00548061146377E-05 m P = P2 - P1
static head : Z = 2.9506023389 m Z = Z2 - Z1
velocity head : V = 0.4211862469 m V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0036 0.0036 [Brown fig 126]
f = 0.042 0.042 [Brown fig 125]
f = 0.0107211627 0.0107211627 Le turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
elbow : n = 1 3 1 [Brown fig 127]
standard tee : n = 3.25 [Brown fig 127]
gate valve fully open : n = 1 0.35 [Brown fig 127]
globe valve : n = 1 17 [Brown fig 127]
Le = 1.35 20 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 5.4114799868 56.0959998049 m
Fs = 4.7198844768E-11 18.2650809498 m F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)
Fs valve = 5.479524285 m Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
Fs valve minimum = 2.7944135496 m [Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = 21.0594944995 m Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs
total head : head = 24.4314 m head = P/(r*g) +
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 24.4314 m (-Ws) = head + Q
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

rown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

rown fig 125]
rbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]

= f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

s valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
oulson p. 156]
s total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
ead = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

Ws) = head + Q
Spesifikasi pompa dan motor
Total Head = 24.4314 m 80.155361 ft
Q = 1.5638909313 m3/jam 6.8863537 gpm
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage 3500 rpm
np = 120 * f / P Penggerak :
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm Slip :
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 293.8776030168 rpm Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps : Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : radial flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.2545739523 HP P = (-Ws) * Q *
0.1898357962 kW Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.3563
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7759
power input pompa : P' = 0.7145129582 HP P' = P / eff.pompa
power motor : Pm = 0.9208244271 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 1/20 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5 20
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5 25
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10 30
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15 40

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.0008 atm 0.6374777807 mmHg
T = 30.0000 0C 303.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 643.5494 1009.5245 0.0000
CH4O 0.0000 0.0000 163.0222 255.7299 0.0000
H2O 0.4678 0.0190 31.8649 49.9859 0.9491
C3H8O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.2023 0.3174 0.0000
H2SO4 24.1695 0.9810 0.0001 0.0002 0.0002
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
24.6373 1.0000 0.9492
tol : ###
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.0008 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) : (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / (
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 7.0793153583 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head) (NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H
[Wallas] (NPSH) R
= 0.4520894157 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi
 0.0153411923 ft3/s 0.02606485 m3/min

Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
50 Hz 50
2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

s = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
utaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

= (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
ower pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

= P / eff.pompa

60 150
75 200
100
125

PSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

PSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

6 m above this capacity.

POMPA - 05

Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku dari reaktor ke Netralizer

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam Xmol
C3H6O 360.85348444 0.0145384424 58 6.2216118006 0.0067516025
CH4O 4067.7344969 0.1638851401 32 127.116703028 0.1379451948
H2SO4 2368.6147662 0.095429228 98 24.1695384311 0.0262284311
H2O 12426.230718 0.5006409744 18 690.346151001 0.7491535889
C3H8O2 5597.2091753 0.225506215 76 73.6474891481 0.0799211826
Total = 24820.642641 1 282 921.501493409 1

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B n Tc ρ, kg/m3 ρ.x
C3H6O 0.31226 0.27634 0.29353 482.25 817.060580549 11.8787882
CH4O 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 782.806687531 128.290384
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 1826.97123393 174.346454
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1023.01298721 512.162219
C3H8O2 0.31839 0.26106 0.20459 626 1028.89412141 232.022019
Total 5478.74561063 1058.69986

Densitas : 1058.6998641 kg/m3 = 66.0902593221 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30oC)

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B C D μ, cp μ.x
C3H6O -7.2842 975.39 0.017425 -0.00001916 0.2855 0.0042
CH4O -9.0562 1254.2 0.022383 -0.000023538 0.5060 0.0829
H2SO4 -18.7045 3496.2 0.03308 -0.000017018 19.7219 1.8820
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631 0.8177 0.4094
C3H8O2 -29.492 5245.6 0.058169 -0.000042343 36.1368 8.1491
Total 57.4679 10.5276

Viskositas : 10.5276 cp = 0.007074974 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
= 24820.6426 jam kg 3600 dt
66.0903 lb/ft3
= 0.22999 ft /dt =
3 23.4478 m3/jam = 118.9639 gpm
A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Keterangan :
Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45  0 ,13 Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496) Qf = laju alir volumetrik, ft3/dt
= 3.4709646077 in ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 4 in
ID = 4.026 in = 0.3355 ft
OD = 4.5 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 12.7 in2 = 0.0882027987 ft2

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v
A Keterangan :
= 2.6074960211 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v. Keterangan :
N Re 
 ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
= 8172.008071 D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer) μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v 2 - v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 =0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head 
2..g C
b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 12.8904 ft 1 m 3.28 f
Z2 = 13.45 ft
32,174 ft/s 2
ΔZ = 0.56 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2

= 0.56 ft lbf/lbm

c. Menghitung pressure head

P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


= 0.0151308228 ft / lbm
3

P
 Vs x P

= 0.0151 .ft3/ lbm x 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L Keterangan :
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D (Pers, Peters hal 512) f = faktor friksi
v = kecepatan linier fluida
Le = panjang ekuivalen
gc = faktor konversi
D = diameter dalam pipa
e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe : 8172.01

Diketahui harga : np = 120 * f / P
 
Relative roughness :    0.0004 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141) kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm
D
Friction factor (f) : 0.034 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140) n = ns * (1 - slip)%
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown ) dipilih : n = 3000 rpm

No Jenis Jumlah Le (ft)  Le Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
1 Pipa lurus 3 90.0 270.0 Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
2 Elbow 90o 3 23 69 Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
3 Gate Valve 1 2.5 2.5 Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%
Jumlah 341.5
 Le = 341.5 ft
2.f .v 2 .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 14.70633 ft lbf/lbm

 V 2 0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head= =
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = = 0.5576 ft lbf/lbm
g C
P ft lbf/lbm
Pressure head = = 0.0000

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = = 14.7063 ft lbf/lbm
g C .D
15.2639 ft lbf/lbm

untuk Q = 57.4679 m3/jam dan total head : 4.6524 m diperoleh jenis pompa

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas
g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis
Keterangan :
Q.  Wf . Q = kecepatan volumetrik
BHP teoritis 
550 h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

BHPteoritis = 0.2300 ft3/dt x 15.2639 ft lbf/lbm x 66.090259 lb/ft3

550
= 0.4218 Hp

h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

118.9639 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 75%
BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 0.5625 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP: 0.56245 Hp

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 0.56245 Hp/ 81.00%
= 0.6944 Hp
= 517.80 watt

Dipakai motor = 1 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 118.9639 gpm
h = head, ft
= 15.2639 ft 4.6525
Ns = 4237.2000308 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 4237.200 rpm

Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan 4237.200 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Mixed Flow Impellers
POMPA - 06

Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku dari Netralizer ke Filter

Neraca massa
Komponen F, kg/jam X massa BM (kg/kmol) F, kmol/jam Xmol
C3H6O 346.74818657 0.0135391458 58 5.9784170098 0.0110646886
H2O 12812.0178407 0.5002586447 32 400.3755575231 0.7410039883
CH4OH 3908.73199533 0.1526205314 98 39.8850203605 0.0738180906
C3H8O2 5384.6569281 0.210249565 76 70.8507490539 0.1311286032
CaSO4 3158.6325402 0.1233321131 136 23.2252392662 0.0429846293
Total = 25610.7874909 1 400 540.3149832135 1

Menghitunng Densitas Bahan Baku pada suhu 30oC

Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B n Tc ρ, kg/m3 ρ.x
C3H6O 0.31226 0.27634 0.29353 482.25 817.06058055 11.0623023
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1023.0129872 511.771091
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 1826.9712339 278.83332
CH4O 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 782.80668753 164.584765

C3H8O2 0.31839 0.26106 0.20459 626 1028.8941214 126.895686

CaSO4 DATA ASPEN 0.0177 0.0177

Total 5478.7633106 1093.14717
Densitas : 1093.14716505 kg/m3 = 68.2406620293 lb/ft3

Menghitung viskositas pada suhu operasi 30oC)

Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 30 oC = 303 K
komponen A B C D μ, cp μ.x
C3H6O -7.2842 975.39 0.017425 -0.00001916 0.2855 0.0039
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.000012631 0.8177 0.4091
H2SO4 -18.7045 3496.2 0.03308 -0.000017018 19.7219 3.0100
CH4O -9.0562 1254.2 0.022383 -0.000023538 0.5060 0.1064
C3H8O2 -29.492 5245.6 0.058169 -0.000042343 36.1368 4.4568
Total 57.4679 7.9861

Viskositas : 7.9861 cp = 0.0053670005 lb/ft dt

Menghitung kecepatan laju alir :

massa
Qf  kg lb 1 jam
 x 2,204616 x
= 25610.7875 jam kg 3600 dt
68.2407 lb/ft3
= 0.22983 ft3/dt = 23.4318 m3/jam = 118.8829 gpm
A) Menghitung Diameter Optimum Pipa

Keterangan :
Di opt  3,9Qf 0 , 45
 0 ,13 Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
( Pers.15 Peters, hal 496) Qf = laju alir volumetrik, ft3/dt
= 3.4843742614 in ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3

Digunakan pipa standar (tabel 11. Kern, hal 844)

D nominal = 4 in
ID = 4.026 in = 0.3355 ft
OD = 4.5 in
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 12.7 in2 = 0.088202799 ft2

B. Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v)

Q
v
A Keterangan :
= 2.6057202595 ft/dtk Q = laju alir volumetric, ft3/dt
A = luas penampang, ft2

C. Menghitung bilangan Reynold

D.v. Keterangan :
N Re 
 ρ = densitas cairan, lb/ft3
= 11115.57431 D = diameter dalam, ft
v = kecepatan linier, ft/dtk
(NRe > 2100 jadi aliran laminer) μ = viskositas, lb/ft.dtk

D.Neraca energi

a. Menghitung Velocity Head

v 2
Velocity head 
2..g C

Dianggap kecepatan linier cairan konstan, sehingga :

v1 = v2
Δv = v2- v1
= 0 ft/s
sehingga : 0 =0 ft lbf/lbm
Velocity head 
2..g C
b. Menghitung Static Head

zg
Static head 
gC

Z1 = 13.45 ft 1 m 3.28 f
Z2 = 10 ft
32,174 ft/s 2
ΔZ = -3.45 ft x
32,174 lb m ft/lb f s 2

= -3.45 ft lbf/lbm 3.448 ft lbf/lbm

c. Menghitung pressure head

P
Pressure head 

P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 1 atm
ΔP = 0 atm
1
Vs(Volume spesifik) 


0.0146540196 ft / lbm
3
=
P
 Vs x P

= 0.0147 .ft3/ lbm x 0 .atm x 2116,33 lbf/ft2
= 0.0000 ft lbf / lbm

d.Menghitung Friction Head

2. f .v 2 L Keterangan :
Persamaan Fanning   F 
g C .D (Pers, Peters hal 512) f = faktor friksi
v = kecepatan linier fluida
Le = panjang ekuivalen
gc = faktor konversi
D = diameter dalam pipa
e. Menghitung Faktor Friksi

Untuk pipa commercial steel dengan angka NRe : 11115.57

Diketahui harga :
 
Relative roughness :    0.0004 (Brown, fig,126 hal 141)
D
Friction factor (f) : 0.032 (Brown, fig,125 hal ,140)

f. Menghitung Panjang Ekivalen ( fig.126, Brown )

No Jenis Jumlah Le (ft)  Le

1 Pipa lurus 3 90.0 270.0
2 Elbow 90o 3 23 69
3 Gate Valve 1 2.5 2.5
Jumlah 341.5
 Le = 341.5 ft
2.f .v 2 .L
F 
g C .D
SF = 13.82241 ft lbf/lbm

 V 2
Velocity head= = 0 ft lbf/lbm
2 . . g C
 zg
Static head = g C = 3.4480 ft lbf/lbm

P
Pressure head = = 0.0000 ft lbf/lbm

2f .v 2 .L
Friction head = g C .D = 13.8224 ft lbf/lbm
17.2704 ft lbf/lbm

untuk Q = 57.4679 m3/jam dan total head : 5.2640 m diperoleh jenis pompa

Centrifugal Single-stage
Kelebihan digunakan jenis pompa Centrifugal
a. Konstruksinya sederhana
b. Harganya relatif murah
c. Tidak memerlukan area yang luas
g. Menghitung tenaga pompa teoritis
Keterangan :
Q.  Wf . Q = kecepatan volumetrik
BHP teoritis 
550 h = effisiensi
-Wf = total head
ρ = densitas fluida

BHPteoritis = 0.2298 ft3/dt x 17.2704 ft lbf/lbm x 68.24066 lb/ft3

550
= 0.4925 Hp

h. Menghitung tenaga pompa sesungguhnya

Dari fig 12-17 Peters, effisiensi (h ) centrifugal pump dengan kapasitas

118.8829 m3/jam effisiensi (h ): 75%
BHPteoritik
BHPactual 

= 0.6566 Hp
i. Menghitung power motor

Dari fig 12-18 Peters, effisiensi motor (h ) dengan BHP: 0.65665 Hp

Hp adalah 81%
BHPpompa
Power motor 
m
= 0.65665 Hp/ 81.00%
= 0.8107 Hp
= 604.52 watt

Dipakai motor = 1.5 Hp

j. Menghitung spesifik speed

NQ1 / 2 Dimana :
Ns 
 h 3/ 4 N .= revolution per second

Dari fig 5.6 grafik hubungan total head dan laju alir volumetric diperoleh
jenis pompa centrifugal Single-stage, 3500 rpm
Q = flow, gpm
= 118.8829 gpm
h = head, ft
= 17.2704 ft 5.2641
Ns = 3861.03658428 rpm
Dari fig 21-19 untuk spesifik speed = 3861.037 rpm

Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1500 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan 3861.037 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Mixed Flow Impellers
 POMPA_12
Tugas : Mengalirkan filtrat dari Filter ke MD-01
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller

2
tinggi Filter : 6.0960 m
Reaktor
MD-01 tinggi umpan MD-01 : 8.3733 m
kebutuhan : 28742.700068 kg/jam
Tangki waktu operasi pompa : kontinyu
Filter 1
Penyimpan

suhu operasi : T = 75 0C 348.150 K

P = 1 atm
Komponen OUT, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP wi *  wi * ln 
C3H60 5.9105312106 58 342.8108102152 755.343078485 0.1826407157 8.9949784828 -0.0202471856
CH4O 395.81854016 32 12666.193285274 738.599324227 0.3061313459 325.48235826 -0.5216452422
H2O Err:522 18 Err:522 980.374743445 0.3754557344 Err:522 Err:522
C3H8O2 69.965114691 76 5317.3487164948 992.92709196 4.946271013 183.68975724 0.2957444577
H2SO4 0 98 0 1770.79963165 6.1915622768 0 0
Ca(OH)2 0 74 0 304 0.1171 0 0
CaSO4 0 136 0 559 0.1171 0 0
1050.8646822 28742.700068064 873.63337878 -0.6010424781

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 75 75 0C

tekanan : P = 1 1.07 atm

tinggi : Z = 1 8.3733 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 3 70 m
flowrate : Fv = 28742.700068064 28742.7000681 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 34491.240081677 34491.2400817 kg/jam overdesign 20 % 20.00%
densitas :  = 873.6333787837 873.633378784 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.5482 0.5482 cP
debit : Q = 39.48022239 39.48022239 m3/jam Q = Fv / 
mass flowrate : G = 9.5809000227 9.5809000227 kg/s G = Fv / 3600
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37)
diameter pipa : Dopt = 2.9339645431 2.9339645431 in Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35)
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 3 3 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter luar pipa : OD = 3.5 3.5 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40 [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 3.068 3.068 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter tangki : Dt = 120.0000000005 63.5078 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.0015023894 0.0053640297 m/s vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 2.2984459549 2.2984459549 m/s sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 2.8542E+05 2.8542E+05 turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 
 1
1
1

untuk carbon steel

untuk stainless steel

uida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 8.16770068109084E-06 m P = P2 - P1
static head : Z = 7.3733009085 m Z = Z2 - Z1
velocity head : V = 0.2692584888 m V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0006 0.0006 [Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron
f = 0.0085 0.0085 [Brown fig 125]
f = 0.0053602231 0.0053602231 Le turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
elbow : n = 1 5 3.5 [Brown fig 127]
standard tee : n = 11 [Brown fig 127]
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2 [Brown fig 127]
globe valve : n = 1 55 [Brown fig 127]
Le = 4.7 72.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 4.4325599542 92.0979992929 m
Fs = 3.5076353761E-08 1.7057429379 m F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)
Fs valve = 0.5117228919 m Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
Fs valve minimum = 5.8340719151 m [Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = 7.539814888 m Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
total head : head = 15.1824 m head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 15.1824 m (-Ws) = head + Q
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]
rcial steel or wrought iron
Spesifikasi pompa dan motor
Total Head = 15.1824 m 49.8109676472 ft
Q = 39.48022239 m3/jam 173.8451007924 gpm 0.3872863971 ft3/s 0.65800371
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage 3500 rpm
np = 120 * f / P Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sink
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 2109.6419309594 rpm Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps : Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 1.9129270151 HP P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
1.4264696751 kW Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.6557
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7821
power input pompa : P' = 2.9174487907 HP P' = P / eff.pompa
power motor : Pm = 3.7301216306 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5 20 60 150
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5 25 75 200
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10 30 100
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15 40 125
 m3/min

jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)

(2, 4, atau 6)
Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1664 atm 126.4866927863 mmHg
T = 75.0000 C0
348.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 5.9105 0.0056 2655.7545 20.9963 0.1179
CH4O 395.8185 0.3767 1131.1903 8.9432 3.3685
H2O Err:522 Err:522 289.2839 2.2871 Err:522
C3H8O2 69.9651 0.0666 5.5748 0.0441 0.0029
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0094 0.0001 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
1050.8647 1.0000 4.7461
tol : 374610092.3138
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1664 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) : (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 11.1243471182 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head) (NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 15.6446299538 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman CEK ULANG !!!!
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi
 POMPA_13
Tugas : Mengalirkan keluaran (output) Accumulator-01 ke Reflux dan Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
2
Reflux
Reaktor
MD-01 tinggi Accumulator-01 :
tinggi Reaktor :
Tangki kebutuhan :
Accumulator 01 1
Penyimpan Reaktor waktu operasi pompa :
(recycle)

suhu operasi : T = 66.464429373 0C 339.614

P = 1 atm
Komponen OUT, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP
C3H60 5.9105312106 58 342.8108102152 767.637490065 0.1975864777
CH4O 117.13804184 32 3748.4173388791 747.407810843 0.3338692143
H2O 4.3813466803 18 78.8642402457 988.629089494 0.4234229004
C3H8O2 0 76 0 999.964652137 6.6838659885
H2SO4 0 98 0 1781.51741355 7.2734339914
Ca(OH)2 0 74 0 304 0.1171
CaSO4 0 136 0 559 0.1171
127.42991973 4170.09238934

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 66.464429373 66.464429373 0C
tekanan : P = 1.2 1.2 atm
tinggi : Z = 1 3.9506 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 3 10 m
flowrate : Fv = 4170.09238934 4170.09238934 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 5004.110867208 5004.11086721 kg/jam
densitas :  = 753.6327773837 753.632777384 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.3212 0.3212 cP
debit : Q = 6.6399857031 6.6399857031 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 1.3900307964 1.3900307964 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel
diameter pipa : Dopt = 1.135635534 1.135635534 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 1.5 1.5 in
diameter luar pipa : OD = 1.9 1.9 in
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 1.61 1.61 in
diameter tangki : Dt = 180 60 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.000112302 0.0010107181 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 1.4037210375 1.4037210375 m/s
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 1.3468E+05 1.3468E+05

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0 m
static head : Z = 2.9506 m
velocity head : V = 0.1004298032 m
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0012 0.0012
f = 0.0085 0.0085
f = 0.0060446605 0.0060446605 Le
elbow : n = 1 5 3.5
standard tee : n = 11
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2
 globe valve : n = 1 55
Le = 4.7 72.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 4.4325599542 32.0979992929 m
Fs = 4.21156046498556E-10 0.4764890241 m
Fs valve = 0.1429467073 m
Fs valve minimum = 6.7630285096 m
Fs total = 7.2395175341 m
total head : head = 10.2905 m
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 10.2905 m
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 10.2905 m 33.7616469998
Q = 6.6399857031 m3/jam 29.2381580937
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage
np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 1158.1866140701 rpm
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.1881114195 HP
0.1402746855 kW
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.5937
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7757
power input pompa : P' = 0.316870836 HP
power motor : Pm = 0.4084959069 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1516 atm 115.1785651034 mmHg
T = 66.4644 0C 339.614 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 5.9105 0.0464 2097.2808 18.2090 0.8446
CH4O 117.1380 0.9192 819.3080 7.1134 6.5389
H2O 4.3813 0.0344 200.3925 1.7398 0.0598
C3H8O2 0.0000 0.0000 3.2421 0.0281 0.0000
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0044 0.0000 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
127.4299 1.0000 7.4433
 tol : 644325913.2858
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1516 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) :
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 15.4697175708 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head)
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 2.8143217207 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi

RESUME
Spesifikasi pompa :
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
Head : 10.29 m
Debit : 6.6400 m3/jam
Motor : 220 V AC, 3 fase, 50 Hz, 2 HP
Jumlah : 2 buah ( 1 buah utama, 1 buah cadangan)
 16.0087 m
3.9506 m
4170.0923893 kg/jam
kontinyu

wi *  wi * ln 
63.105179778 -0.1333051488
671.83077395 -0.9860779307
18.696823655 -0.0162525544
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
753.63277738 -1.1356356338

overdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 

P = P2 - P1
Z = Z2 - Z1
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

[Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

[Brown fig 125]
turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
 [Brown fig 127]

F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
[Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

(-Ws) = head + Q

ft
gpm 0.0651358068 ft3/s 0.11066643 m3/min
3500 rpm
Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

P' = P / eff.pompa

p
20 60 150
25 75 200
30 100
40 125
 (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

(NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

m above this capacity.

 POMPA_13
Tugas : Mengalirkan keluaran (output) Reboiler ke Reflux dan MD-02
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
2
Reflux
Reaktor
MD-01 tinggi Reboiler : 10.9799
tinggi umpan MD-02 : 2.5573
Tangki kebutuhan : 18020.608195
Accumulator 01 1
Penyimpan waktu operasi pompa : kontinyu
MD-02

suhu operasi : T = 107 0C 380.150 K

P = 1 atm
Komponen OUT, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP wi * 
C3H60 0 58.08 0 705.732857759 0.1370339106 0
CH4O 3.6180773098 32.042 115.9304331612 703.173111006 0.2240528017 4.5236632674
H2O 698.71379656 18.015 12587.329045028 948.507315668 0.2595056779 662.52889775
C3H8O2 69.877767481 76.095 5317.3487164948 965.395593377 1.9977987691 284.85969862
H2SO4 0 98.079 0 1730.17758665 4.0589932324 0
Ca(OH)2 0 74.0925 0 304 0.1171 0
CaSO4 0 136.142 0 559 0.1171 0
772.20964135 18020.608194684 951.91225964

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 107 107 0C
tekanan : P = 1.2 1.2 atm
tinggi : Z = 1 2.5573 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 3 10 m
flowrate : Fv = 18020.608194684 18020.6081947 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 21624.729833621 21624.7298336 kg/jam overdesign 20 %
densitas :  = 951.9122596366 951.912259637 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.4735 0.4735 cP
debit : Q = 22.7171460549 22.7171460549 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 6.0068693982 6.0068693982 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel non korosif
diameter pipa : Dopt = 2.2296237911 2.2296237911 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 2.5 2.5 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter luar pipa : OD = 2.875 2.875 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40 [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 2.469 2.469 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter tangki : Dt = 180 60 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.0003842149 0.0034579339 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 2.0421000074 2.0421000074 m/s sesuai
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 2.5748E+05 2.5748E+05 turbulent

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0 m P = P2 - P1
static head : Z = 1.5572857279 m Z = Z2 - Z1
velocity head : V = 0.2125470078 m V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.00072 0.00072 [Brown fig 126]
f = 0.0085 0.0085 [Brown fig 125]
f = 0.0054493101 0.0054493101 Le turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.
elbow : n = 1 5 3.5 [Brown fig 127]
standard tee : n = 11 [Brown fig 127]
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2 [Brown fig 127]
 globe valve : n = 1 55 [Brown fig 127]
Le = 4.7 72.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 4.4325599542 32.0979992929 m
Fs = 2.897948661E-09 0.5928156943 m F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g
Fs valve = 0.1778447092 m Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
Fs valve minimum = 5.3543169632 m [Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = 5.9471326604 m Fs total = Fs suct + Fs disc
total head : head = 7.7170 m head = P/(r*g) +
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 7.7170 m (-Ws) = head + Q
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 7.7170 m 25.31812875 ft
Q = 22.7171460549 m3/jam 100.0314665562 gpm
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage 3500 rpm
np = 120 * f / P Penggerak :
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm Slip :
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 2658.3727083398 rpm Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps : Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.6096027356 HP P = (-Ws) * Q *
0.4545807599 kW Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.6240
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7773
power input pompa : P' = 0.9768941527 HP P' = P / eff.pompa
power motor : Pm = 1.2568226011 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5 20
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5 25
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10 30
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15 40

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1516 atm 115.1785651034 mmHg
T = 107.0000 0C 380.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 5814.5492 50.4829 0.0000
CH4O 3.6181 0.0047 3282.7664 28.5015 0.1335
H2O 698.7138 0.9048 969.8833 8.4207 7.6192
C3H8O2 69.8778 0.0905 32.3764 0.2811 0.0254
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.1225 0.0011 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
772.2096 1.0000 7.7782
 tol : 677822134.2705
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1516 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) : (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / (
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 12.5887701179 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head) (NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H
[Wallas] (NPSH) R
= 4.4972579856 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi

RESUME
Spesifikasi pompa :
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
Head : 7.72 m
Debit : 22.7171 m3/jam
Motor : 220 V AC, 3 fase, 50 Hz, 2 HP
Jumlah : 2 buah ( 1 buah utama, 1 buah cadangan)
 m
m
kg/jam

wi * ln 
0
-0.0096232749
-0.9422552985
0.2042023028
0
0
0
-0.7476762706

erdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
Re =  * vp * ID / 

V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

rown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

rown fig 125]
rbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]

= f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

s valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
oulson p. 156]
s total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
ead = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

Ws) = head + Q

0.2228468108 ft3/s 0.3786191 m3/min

Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
50 Hz 50
2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

s = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
utaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

= (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
ower pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

= P / eff.pompa

60 150
75 200
100
125
PSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

PSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

 POMPA_15
Tugas : Mengalirkan keluaran (output) Accumulator-02 ke Reflux dan Reaktor
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
2
Reflux
Reaktor
MD-02 tinggi Accumulator-01 :
tinggi Reaktor :
Tangki kebutuhan :
Accumulator 02 1
Penyimpan Reaktor waktu operasi pompa :
(recycle)

suhu operasi : T = 105 0C 378.150

P = 1.1 atm
Komponen OUT, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP
C3H60 0 58.08 0 709.026659059 0.1395103408
CH4O 3.6180773098 32.042 115.9304331612 705.514930193 0.228418564
H2O 683.64498474 18.015 12315.864400028 950.544876039 0.2647168118
C3H8O2 2.0963330244 76.095 159.5204614948 967.173800425 2.0960976255
H2SO4 0 98.079 0 1732.73765567 4.137226988
Ca(OH)2 0 74.0925 0 304 0.1171
CaSO4 0 136.142 0 559 0.1171
689.35939507 12591.315294684

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 105 105 0C
tekanan : P = 1.1 1.1 atm
tinggi : Z = 1 2.5573 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 3 10 m
flowrate : Fv = 12591.315294684 12591.3152947 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 15109.578353621 15109.5783536 kg/jam
densitas :  = 948.4995159266 948.499515927 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.2714 0.2714 cP
debit : Q = 15.9299800368 15.9299800368 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 4.1971050982 4.1971050982 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel
diameter pipa : Dopt = 1.8528726839 1.8528726839 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 2.5 2.5 in
diameter luar pipa : OD = 2.875 2.875 in
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 2.469 2.469 in
diameter tangki : Dt = 180 60 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.0002694236 0.0024248124 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 1.4319849981 1.4319849981 m/s
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 3.1387E+05 3.1387E+05

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0 m
static head : Z = 1.5572857279 m
velocity head : V = 0.1045148299 m
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.00072 0.00072
f = 0.0085 0.0085
f = 0.005279337 0.005279337 Le
elbow : n = 1 5 3.5
standard tee : n = 11
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2
 globe valve : n = 1 55
Le = 4.7 72.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 4.4325599542 32.0979992929 m
Fs = 1.3805478808E-09 0.2824102654 m
Fs valve = 0.08472308 m
Fs valve minimum = 5.3735820352 m
Fs total = 5.655992302 m
total head : head = 7.3178 m
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 7.3178 m
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 7.3178 m 24.0085075262
Q = 15.9299800368 m3/jam 70.145222531
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage
np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)%
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 2316.5753506064 rpm
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.4039076895 HP
0.301193964 kW
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.6112
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7765
power input pompa : P' = 0.6608425722 HP
power motor : Pm = 0.851046351 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1516 atm 115.1785651034 mmHg
T = 105.0000 0C 378.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 5559.1032 48.2651 0.0000
CH4O 3.6181 0.0052 3089.3668 26.8224 0.1408
H2O 683.6450 0.9917 905.4248 7.8611 7.7959
C3H8O2 2.0963 0.0030 29.3258 0.2546 0.0008
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.1056 0.0009 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
689.3594 1.0000 7.9374
 tol : 693743954.4418
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1516 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) :
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 11.432713702 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head)
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 3.7433050196 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi

RESUME
Spesifikasi pompa :
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
Head : 7.32 m
Debit : 15.9300 m3/jam
Motor : 220 V AC, 3 fase, 50 Hz, 2 HP
Jumlah : 2 buah ( 1 buah utama, 1 buah cadangan)
 9.9292 m
2.5573 m
12591.315294684 kg/jam
kontinyu

wi *  wi * ln 
0 0
6.4957988538 -0.0135950881
929.7505086209 -1.3000190379
12.2532084519 0.0093761038
0 0
0 0
0 0
948.4995159266 -1.3042380221

overdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 

P = P2 - P1
Z = Z2 - Z1
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

[Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

[Brown fig 125]
turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
 [Brown fig 127]

F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
[Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

(-Ws) = head + Q

ft
gpm 0.1562672194 ft3/s 0.26549967 m3/min
3500 rpm
Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

P' = P / eff.pompa

wer, hp
20 60 150
25 75 200
30 100
40 125
 (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

(NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

, and 6 m above this capacity.

 POMPA_13
Tugas : Mengalirkan keluaran (output) Reboiler ke Reflux dan storage
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
2
Reflux
Reaktor
MD-01 tinggi Reboiler :
tinggi umpan MD-02 :
Tangki kebutuhan :
Accumulator 01 1
Penyimpan waktu operasi pompa :
MD-02

suhu operasi : T = 156 0C 429.150

P = 1.29 atm
Komponen OUT, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP
C3H60 0 58.08 0 612.07651584 0.0866739383
CH4O 0 32.042 0 638.174461691 0.137087793
H2O 15.068811823 18.015 271.464645 896.326874316 0.1752439253
C3H8O2 67.781434457 76.095 5157.828255 918.941846805 0.787335367
H2SO4 0 98.079 0 1666.49557665 3.194357213
Ca(OH)2 0 74.0925 0 304 0.1171
CaSO4 0 136.142 0 559 0.1171
82.85024628 5429.2929

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 156 156 0C
tekanan : P = 1.29 1.29 atm
tinggi : Z = 1 2.5573 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 3 10 m
flowrate : Fv = 5429.2929 5429.2929 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 6515.15148 6515.15148 kg/jam
densitas :  = 917.811098181 917.811098181 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 0.7304 0.7304 cP
debit : Q = 7.0985756142 7.0985756142 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 1.8097643 1.8097643 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : carbon steel carbon steel
diameter pipa : Dopt = 1.2110445447 1.2110445447 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 1.5 1.5 in
diameter luar pipa : OD = 1.9 1.9 in
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 1.61 1.61 in
diameter tangki : Dt = 180 60 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.0001200581 0.0010805233 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 1.5006688827 1.5006688827 m/s
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 7.7119E+04 7.7119E+04

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0 m
static head : Z = 1.5572857279 m
velocity head : V = 0.1147811968 m
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0012 0.0012
f = 0.0085 0.0085
f = 0.0066086656 0.0066086656 Le
elbow : n = 1 5 3.5
standard tee : n = 11
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2
 globe valve : n = 1 55
Le = 4.7 72.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 4.4325599542 32.0979992929 m
Fs = 5.2625112319E-10 0.5953918653 m
Fs valve = 0.1786175597 m
Fs valve minimum = 5.5532559688 m
Fs total = 6.1486478346 m
total head : head = 7.8207 m
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 7.8207 m
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 7.8207 m 25.658513811
Q = 7.0985756142 m3/jam 31.2574883937
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage
np = 120 * f / P
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 1471.2100088253 rpm
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps :
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.1861318218 HP
0.1387984995 kW
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.5945
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7757
power input pompa : P' = 0.3130794059 HP
power motor : Pm = 0.4036120029 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1516 atm 115.1785651034 mmHg
T = 156.0000 0C 429.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 15426.9092 133.9391 0.0000
CH4O 0.0000 0.0000 12007.6491 104.2525 0.0000
H2O 15.0688 0.1819 4175.0297 36.2483 6.5928
C3H8O2 67.7814 0.8181 258.7962 2.2469 1.8382
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 3.0615 0.0266 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
82.8502 1.0000 8.4311
 tol : 743109314.8925
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1516 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) :
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 13.9265171068 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head)
[Wallas] (NPSH)R = 2.0434289243 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi

RESUME
Spesifikasi pompa :
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
Head : 7.82 m
Debit : 7.0986 m3/jam
Motor : 220 V AC, 3 fase, 50 Hz, 2 HP
Jumlah : 2 buah ( 1 buah utama, 1 buah cadangan)
 10.9799 m
2.5573 m
5429.2929 kg/jam
kontinyu

wi *  wi * ln 
0 0
0 0
44.816343716 -0.0870788208
872.99475447 -0.2271459385
0 0
0 0
0 0
917.81109818 -0.3142247593

overdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
non korosif Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]
[B&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
sesuai vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
turbulent Re =  * vp * ID / 

P = P2 - P1
Z = Z2 - Z1
V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

[Brown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

[Brown fig 125]
turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
[Brown fig 127]
 [Brown fig 127]

F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
[Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
head = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

(-Ws) = head + Q

ft
gpm 0.0696344045 ft3/s 0.11830959 m3/min
3500 rpm
Penggerak : Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
Kutub magnet (P) : 2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
Frekuensi listrik : 50 Hz 50
Slip : 2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

P = (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

P' = P / eff.pompa

hp
20 60 150
25 75 200
30 100
40 125
 (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

(NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

d 6 m above this capacity.

 POMPA_17
Tugas : Mengalirkan produk PG dari Tangki Penyimpan ke Truk Pengangkut
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller

2 tinggi tangki penyimpan : 7.3152

Truk
Pengangkut
tinggi truk pengangkut : 1.0000
kebutuhan : 5429.2929
Tamgki waktu operasi pompa : kontinyu
Penyimpan 1

suhu operasi : T = 30 0C 303.150 K

P = 1 atm
Komponen IN, kmol/j BM IN, kg/j , kg/m3 , cP wi * 
C3H60 0 58.08 0 816.867501338 0.2850377 0
CH4O 0 32.042 0 782.668593842 0.5050006 0
H2O 15.068811823 18.015 271.464645 1022.8752672 0.8150345 51.14376336
C3H8O2 67.781434457 76.095 5157.828255 1028.77944236 35.831005 977.34047024
H2SO4 0 98.079 0 1826.78667502 19.61795 0
Ca(OH)2 0 74.0925 0 304 0.1171 0
CaSO4 0 136.142 0 559 0.1171 0
82.85024628 5429.2929 1028.4842336

Data-data dan perhitungan pompa

titik 1 titik 2
suhu : T = 30 30 0C
tekanan : P = 1 1 atm
tinggi : Z = 1 1.5 m
panjang linier pipa : L = 2 10 m
flowrate : Fv = 5429.2929 5429.2929 kg/jam
(Fv)design = 6515.15148 6515.15148 kg/jam overdesign 20 %
densitas :  = 1028.4842336049 1028.4842336 kg/m3
viskositas :  = 29.6555 29.6555 cP
debit : Q = 6.3347120618 6.3347120618 m3/jam
mass flowrate : G = 1.8097643 1.8097643 kg/s
dipilih pipa standard : stainless steel stainless steel korosif
diameter pipa : Dopt = 1.0563712123 1.0563712123 in
Nominal Pipe Size : NPS = 1.5 1.5 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter luar pipa : OD = 1.9 1.9 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
Schedule Number : Sch = 40 40 [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter dalam pipa : ID = 1.61 1.61 in [B&Y, Appendix K]
diameter tangki : Dt = 180 180 in
kecepatan pd tangki : vt = 0.0001071389 0.0001071389 m/s
kecepatan dlm pipa : vp = 1.3391848997 1.3391848997 m/s sesuai
bilangan Reynold dlm pipa : Re = 1.8993E+03 1.8993E+03 laminer

Perhitungan Head
pressure head : P/ ( * g) = 0 m P = P2 - P1
static head : Z = 0.5 m Z = Z2 - Z1
velocity head : V = 0.0914075527 m V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)
friction head : suction discharge
/D = 0.0012 0.0012 [Brown fig 126]
f = 0.0085 0.0085 [Brown fig 125]
f = 0.0119532258 0.0119532258 Le turbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
elbow : n = 1 3 3.5 [Brown fig 127]
standard tee : n = 11 [Brown fig 127]
gate valve fully open : n = 1 1.2 [Brown fig 127]
 globe valve : n = 1 55 [Brown fig 127]
Le = 4.7 65.5 ft
panjang linier pipa : L + Le = 3.4325599542 29.9643993611 m
Fs = 5.8700152404E-10 0.800595584 m F = f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)
Fs valve = 0.2401786754 m Fs valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
Fs valve minimum = 4.9556811789 m [Coulson p. 156]
Fs total = 5.7562767634 m Fs total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs va
total head : head = 6.3477 m head = P/(r*g) +
Q = 0.0000
(-Ws) = 6.3477 m (-Ws) = head + Q
total head>100 ft (30 m) pakai multistage [MaCabe]

Spesifikasi pompa dan motor

Total Head = 6.3477 m 20.825737 ft
Q = 6.3347120618 m3/jam 27.893932 gpm
[Coulson, fig 5.6] dipakai : pompa sentrifugal, single stage 3500 rpm
np = 120 * f / P Penggerak :
kecepatan perputaran poros : np = 3000 rpm Kutub magnet (P) :
n = ns * (1 - slip)% Frekuensi listrik :
actual speed : n = 2910 rpm Slip :
dipilih : n = 3000 rpm
putaran spesifik pompa : Ns = 1625.271233514 rpm Ns = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
[Coulson p. 156] The specific speed for centrifugal pumps : Putaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm,
radial : 400-1000
mixed flow : 1500-7000
axial : >7000
maka : mixed flow impeller
power pompa : P = 0.1510739213 HP P = (-Ws) * Q *
0.1126558231 kW Power pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r =
[Coulson fig 10.62] eff pompa = 0.5931
[Coulson tabel 3.1] eff motor = 0.7756
power input pompa : P' = 0.2547291553 HP P' = P / eff.pompa
power motor : Pm = 0.328444064 HP
dipakai power standard : P = 1 1/ 2 HP

Power, hp
0.05 0.25 1 5 20
MOTOR STANDAR 0.0833333333 0.3333333333 1.5 7.5 25
(NEMA) 0.125 0.5 2 10 30
0.1666666667 0.75 3 15 40

Cek Kavitasi
Kavitasi terjadi jika kapasitas pemompaan terlalu besar. Kavitasi akan mengakibatkan hal2 sebagai berikut :
1. Akan terjadi getaran selama pemompaan
2. Kapasitas pemompaan akan menurun
P = 0.1664 atm 126.4738784501 mmHg
T = 30.0000 0C 303.150 K
Komponen kmol/j X Po K Y
C3H60 0.0000 0.0000 643.5494 5.0884 0.0000
CH4O 0.0000 0.0000 163.0222 1.2890 0.0000
H2O 15.0688 0.1819 31.8649 0.2519 0.0458
C3H8O2 67.7814 0.8181 0.2023 0.0016 0.0013
H2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
Ca(OH)2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CaSO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
82.8502 1.0000 0.0471
 tol : ###
tekanan uap : Pv = 0.1664 atm
Net Positive Suction Head available (head cairan saat masuk ke impeller) : (NPSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / (
[Pery] (NPSH)A = 9.4628616586 m
Net Positive Suction Head required : (s=1200 ; H = static head) (NPSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H
[Wallas] (NPSH) R
= 0.7492546975 m
bila (NPSH)A > (NPSH)R maka aman aman dari kavitasi
[Coulson p.156] the NPSH should be above 3 m for pump capacities up to flowrate of 100 m3/h, and 6 m above this capacity.
aman dari kavitasi

RESUME
Spesifikasi pompa :
Jenis : pompa sentrifugal, single stage pump, mixed flow impeller
Head : 6.35 m
Debit : 6.3347 m3/jam
Motor : 220 V AC, 3 fase, 50 Hz, 1,5 HP
Jumlah : 2 buah ( 1 buah utama, 1 buah cadangan)
 m
m
kg/jam

wi * ln 
0
0
-0.0102262435
3.3998729059
0
0
0
3.3896466624

erdesign 20 % 20.00%

Q = Fv / 
G = Fv / 3600
Di,opt = 282 * (G)^0.52 * ()^(-0.37) untuk carbon steel
Di,opt = 226 * (G)^0.50 * ()^(-0.35) untuk stainless steel
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]
&Y, Appendix K]

vt = Q / (p / 4 * (Dt)^2)
vp = Q / (p / 4 * (ID)^2) kecepatan fluida 1 - 3 m/s [Coulson p.159]
Re =  * vp * ID / 

V = (v2^2 - v1^2) / (2 * g)

rown fig 126] untuk commercial steel or wrought iron

rown fig 125]
rbulent : f = 0.04 * Re^(-0.16)
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]
rown fig 127]

= f * (Le + Le) * (v)^2 / (2*g*ID)

s valve = 0.3 * Fs pipe
oulson p. 156]
s total = Fs suct + Fs dischr + Fs valve
ead = P/(r*g) + Z + V + Fs total

Ws) = head + Q

0.0621411852 ft3/s 0.10557853 m3/min

Motor induksi (motor listrik : jenis motor induksi atau motor sinkron)
2 buah 2 (2, 4, atau 6)
50 Hz 50
2-3%, dipilih = 3 % 3.00%

s = n * Q^(1/2) / H^(3/4)
utaran spesifik pompa, Ns : (n = rpm, Q = gpm, H = ft)

= (-Ws) * Q *  / 550
ower pompa : ( (-Ws) = ft, Q = ft3/s, r = lb/ft3)

= P / eff.pompa

60 150
75 200
100
125
PSH)A = (P1 - Pv) / ( * g) + Z1 + V - Fsuction

PSH)R = (Ns / s)^(4/3) * H

m above this capacity.