d = D - 2 x t
= 7.62 - 2 x 0.24
= 7.14 cm
A = ¼ x π x ( D2 - d2 )
= ¼ x π x ( 58.06 - 51 )
= 5.564 cm 2
= 5.564 x 10-4 m2
qDL = A x γBaja
= 0.00056 x 7850
= 4.368 Kg/m
MDL = /8 x 1
qDL x L 2 Mmax
= /8 x
1
4.368 x 4 P = 100 kg
= 2.184 Kg.m
Mmax
= 0.0134 m2
= 0.0697 m2
= 0.0269 m2
= 0.0549 m2
= 0.0490 m2
- W2 = A2 x b x (γB)
= 0.0697 x 0.16 x 2400
= 26.772 Kg
- W3 = A3 x b x (γB)
= 0.0269 x 0.16 x 2400
= 10.314 Kg
- W4 = A4 x b x (γB)
= 0.0549 x 0.16 x 2400
= 21.066 Kg
- W5 = A5 x b x (γB)
= 0.0490 x 0.16 x 2400
= 18.816 Kg
- Eksentrisitas 1 (e1)
e1 = ( /2
1
x 16 ) + 14
= 22 cm
= 0.220 m
- Eksentrisitas 2 (e2)
e2 = ( /2
1
x 16 ) + 14
= 22 cm
= 0.220 m
- Eksentrisitas 3 (e3)
e3 = ( /3
1
x 8 ) + 8 + 14
= 24.667 cm
= 0.247 m
- Eksentrisitas 4 (e4)
e4 = ( 1
/2 x 8 ) + 14
= 18 cm
= 0.180 m
- Eksentrisitas 5 (e5)
e5 = 2/3 x 14
= 9.333 cm
= 0.093 m
- Eksentrisitas 6 (e6)
e6 = ( 1
/2 x 16 ) + 14
= 22 cm
= 0.220 m
- Eksentrisitas 7 (e7)
e7 = ( 1
/2 x 16 ) + 14
= 22 cm
= 0.220 m
- Eksentrisitas PH (ePH)
ePH = h1 + h2 + h3
ePH = 45 + 45 + 25
= 115 cm
= 1.150 m
Fy
m =
0.85 x F'c
240
=
0.85 x 23
= 12.276
2 . m . Rn
1 1
fy
2 . m . Rn
1 1 1
ρ perlu =
x fy
m
1 1 1 2 x 11.765 x 0,355
= x 354
12.276
= 0.0023
Ast = ¼ x π x ϕ2
= ¼ x π x 64
= 50.27 mm2
n x Ast x Fy
a =
0.85 x F'c x b
4 x 50.265482 x 240
=
0.85 x 23 x 160
= 15.427
a
c =
β
15.427
=
0.85
= 18.14911357
d - c
Fs = 600 x
c
170 - 18.15
= 600 x
18.15
= 5020.11 Mpa
Kontrol :
Fs > Fy
5020.11 Mpa > 240 Mpa ...OKE!
Vc = 1
/3 x √(𝐹^′ 𝑐)
x b x d
= 1
/3 x√22 x 160 x 170
= 43482.206 N
/2 x ϕ xVc
1
= 1/2 x 0.6 x 43482.206
= 13044.662 N
Syarat :
1
/2 x ϕ xVc > Vu
13044.662 N > 2690.334 N
Maka tulangan geser tidak perlu sengkang. Walaupun secara teoritis tidak memerlukan sengkang,
tapi untuk kestabilan struktur dan peraturan mensyaratkan dipasang tulangan minumum
S max = 600 mm
= 2 x ¼ x π x 36
= 56.54866776 mm 2
Av x fy
S =
1/3 x √(𝐹^′ 𝑐)
x b
56.54866776 x 240
=
1/3 x √35,4 . 160
= 53.06045546 ≈ 50
Syarat :
S min < S < S max
85 mm > 50 mm < 600 mm
Sehingga S yang digunakan adalah Smin = 85 mm
2 Ø8
2 Ø6 - 85
0
0
m
h
2 Ø6 - 85
0
0
m
m
2 Ø8
b = 160 mm
s Pipa Sandaran
W5
18.816
eksentrisitas. Balok
+
1.3 KERB
Diketahui :
F'c = 23 Mpa 500 kg/m
Fy = 240 MPa
b = 150 mm m
c
0
5
1
250 mm
h = 250 mm
Selimut Beton (sb) = 20 mm m
c
0
5
1
150 mm
ϕ T.Pokok = 12 mm
ϕ T. Seng = 6 mm
b = 0.85
= 0.85
= 0.85
= 250 Kg.m
M ultimate = 1.6 x ML
= 1.6 x 250 1
60cm
m
= 400 Kg.m
= 4000000 N.mm
Fy
m =
0.85 x F'c
240
=
0.85 x 23
= 12.276
d). Rasio Penulangan
1.4
ρ min =
Fy
1.4
=
240
= 0.0058
2 . m . Rn
1 1 1
ρ perlu =
x fy
m
1 x2,242
2 x11,765
= x 1 1
12.276 354
= 0.0030
Ast = ¼ x π x ϕ2
= ¼ x π x 144
= 113.097 mm2
n x Ast x fy
a =
0.85 x F'c x b
2 x 113.097 x 240
=
0.85 x 23 x 150
= 18.512
Vc = 1/3 x √(𝐹^′x𝑐) b x d
= /3 x √22
1
x 150 x 218
= 52274.564 N = 52.275 KN
1
/2 x ϕ xVc = /2 x
1
0.6 x 52.275
= 15.682 KN
Syarat :
1
/2 x ϕ xVc > Vu
15.682 KN > 8.000 KN
Maka tulangan geser tidak perlu sengkang. Walaupun secara teoritis tidak
memerlukan sengkang, tapi untuk kestabilan struktur dan peraturan mensyaratkan
dipasang tulangan minumum
= 109 mm ≈ 100 mm
S max = 600 mm
Av x Fy
S = 1
/3 x √(𝐹^′ x𝑐) b
56.5487 x 240
= 1
/3 x √35,4 x 150
= 44.0323 mm ≈ 40
Syarat :
S min < S < S max
100 mm > 40 mm < 600 mm ...OKE!
Sehingga S yang digunakan adalah Smin = 100 mm
2 Ø12
Ø6-100 mm
2 Ø12
500 kg/m
1.4 TROTOAR DAN PLAT KANTILEVER
Lantai trotoar ditinjau permeter, dimana tiang sandaran masuk didalamnya karena kondisi yang
menghasilkan momen maksimum sesuai SKBI 1-3-28-1987. Trotoar harus diperhitungkan
terhadap beban hidup sebesar 500 Kg/m
2 . m . Rn
1 1 1
ρ perlu = x fy
m
2 x 11,765x 1,088
1 1 1
= x 354
12.276
= 0.0021
Ast = ¼ x π x ϕ2
= ¼ x π x 256
= 201.06193 mm2
7 x 201.062 x 240
a =
0.85 x 23 x 1320
a = 13.09 mm
Kesimpulan :
Digunakan tulangan pokok = ø16 -150 mm
Digunakan tulangan susut = ø10 - 200 mm
jangan lupa ganti gam
(yg di tandai warna kuning di ganti sesuai soal )
lebar trotoar ku 1m jadi sy ganti 1,0
1.370 m
1.370 m
1.397 m
1.330 m
1.243 m
1.370 m
1.370 m
0.967 m
0.075 m
0.650 m
+
jangan lupa ganti gambar
1.5 LANTAI KENDARAAN
Pipa Sandaran
Tiang sandaran
0.20 m
Balok Diafragma
L = 18.6 m
Data Perencanaan:
- Tebal Lantai (Pelat) = 20 cm = 0.2 m
- Tebal Lapisan Aspal = 5 cm = 0.05 m
- Lebar Jembatan = 9.00 m
- Lebar Trotoar = 1.00 m
- Jumlah Gelagar = 5.00 m
Lebar Jembatan
- Jarak antar Gelagar =
n - 1
9.00
=
5.00 - 1
= 2.25 m
A. Pembebanan
Diketahui :
- Berat isi Beton (γ beton) = 2400 kg/m3
- Berat isi Aspal (γ aspal) = 2200 kg/m3
- Berat isi Air (γ air) = 1000 kg/m3
Ket : Penjelasan diatas terdapat pada SNI 1725 : 2016 Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan
•
Beban hidup pada lantai kendaraan beban "T", yaitu penyebaran roda kendaraan sebesar 10 ton (BM 100
Kondisi Pembebanan
Untuk mendapatkan momen rencana untuk penulangan pada pelat lantai kendaraan
pembebanan ditinjau terhadap 4 kondisi yang dianggap paling kritis, yaitu :
a. Kondisi Beban Mati
Yaitu kondisi dimana struktur pelat hanya menerima beban yang berasal dari
berat sendiri pelat / struktur
b. Kondisi 1
Yaitu kondisi dimana terdapat 2 buah kendaraan rencana saling berpapasan dengan
posisi kedua roda ganda dari masing-masing truck berada pada satu garis bentang
yang sama.
c. Kondisi 2
Yaitu kondisi dimana terdapat 1 buah kendaraan rencana melintas pada salah satu
lajur kendaraan
d. Kondisi 3
Yaitu kondisi dimana terdapat 1 buah kendaraan rencana melintas tepat ditengah
jalur kendaraan (tengah bentang pelat)
Berdasarkan hasil analisis struktut dengan menggunakan SAP2000
Diperoleh momen maksimum untuk 4 kondisi sebagai berikut :
b. Kondisi 1
- Momen maksimum pada tumpuan, Mmaks(-) = 12
- Momen maksimum pada lapangan, Mmaks(+) = 74
c. Kondisi 2
- Momen maksimum pada tumpuan, Mmaks(-) = 12
- Momen maksimum pada lapangan, Mmaks(+) = 71
d. Kondisi 3
- Momen maksimum pada tumpuan, Mmaks(-) = 12
- Momen maksimum pada lapangan, Mmaks(+) = 62
Kombinasi Pembebanan
a.Kombinasi 1 = Beban Mati
Mmax - Tumpuan = 827.74 kg.m
- Lapangan = 197.99 kg.m
Untuk perencanaan selanjutnya, kita gunakan nilai-nilai yang maksimum dari keempat
kombinasi pembebanan diatas
- Momen tumpuan max = 13561.01 kg.m = 135.6101 kn.m
- Momen lapangan max = 7657.23 kg.m = 76.5723 kn.m
Fy
m =
m =
0.85 x F'c
240
=
0.85 x 23
= 12.276
- Rasio Penulangan
1.4
ρ min =
Fy
1.4
=
240
= 0.0058
1 2 . m . Rn
ρ perlu = x 1 1
fy
m
2 x 11,765 x 3,265
1 1 1
=
x 354
12.276
= 0.0299
0.85 x F'c x β 600
ρ balance = x
Fy 600 + Fy
0.85 x 23 x 0.85 600
= x
240 600 + 240
= 0.0495
- Luas Tulangan
As = ρ x b x d
= 0.0299 x 1000 x 170
= 5090.273 mm2
Ast = ¼ x π x ϕ2
= ¼ x π x 20
= 314.159265358979 mm2
- Jumlah Tulangan
As
n =
Ast
5090.273
=
314.159
= 16.203 buah ≈ 17 buah
As' = n x Ast
= 17 x 314.15927
= 5340.71 mm2
a = 65.563672771 mm
- Asø10 = ¼ · π · D 2
= ¼ · π · 10 2
= 78.540 mm2
- Jarak tul.bagi, sb
Asø10 x b 78.540 x 1000
sb' = =
Asperlu 340.000
= 230.999459822779 ≈ 200 mm
Asperlu 340.000
n = = = 4.329 ≈ 5 batang
AsD12 78.540
Fy
m =
0.85 x F'c
240
=
0.85 x 23
= 12.276
- Rasio Penulangan
1.4
ρ min =
Fy
1.4
=
240
= 0.0058
2 . m . Rn
1 1 1
ρ perlu = x fy
m
1
= x1 1 2 x 11,765 x 4,003
12.276 354
= 0.0152
0.85 x F'c x β 600
ρ balance = x
Fy 600 + Fy
0.85 x 23 x 0.85 600
= x
240 600 + 240
= 0.0495
- Luas Tulangan
As = ρ x b x d
= 0.0152 x 1000 x 170
= 2587.751 mm 2
Ast = ¼ x π x ϕ2
= ¼ x π x 20
= 314.159265358979 mm 2
- Jumlah Tulangan
As
n =
Ast
2587.751
=
314.159
= 8.237 buah ≈ 9 buah
As' = n x Ast
= 9.000 x 314.15926535898
= 2827.433 mm2
a = 34.7101797020663
g). Momen nominal terfaktor
ØMn = 0.8 x As' x fy x ( d - a
= 0.8 x 2827.433 x 240 x ( 170.00 - 34.710
= 82865916.5757468 N.mm
= 82.866 kN.m > 76.572 Kn.m
Digunakan Tulangan Pokok 10Ø20-100
Asø12 = ¼ · π · D 2
= ¼ · π · 10 2
= 78.540 mm2
Asperlu 340.000
n = = = 4.329 ≈ 5 batang
AsD12 78.540
W3 + W4 + W5
10.314 + 21.066 + 18.816
82.13
(BM 100%)
827.74 kg.m
197.99 kg.m
12009.5 kg.m
7459.24 kg.m
12733.27 kg.m
7169.78 kg.m
12197.06 kg.m
6226.79 kg.m
12837.24 kg.m
7657.23 kg.m
13561.01 kg.m
7367.77 kg.m
13024.8 kg.m
6424.78 kg.m
kn.m
kn.m
Fy
240
2)
2)
...OKE!
batang
/ 2)
/ 2)
Kn.m ...OKE!
00
BEBAN MATI
TABLE: Element Forces - Frames
Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P V2 V3 T M2 M3 FrameElem ElemStation
Text m Text Text Kgf Kgf Kgf Kgf-m Kgf-m Kgf-m Text m
1 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 115.48 0 0 0 -2.84E-14 1-1 0
1 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 889.48 0 0 0 -251.24 1-1 0.5
1 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 1663.48 0 0 0 -889.48 1-1 1
2 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1303.38 0 0 0 -889.48 2-1 0
2 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -878.39 0 0 0 -381.13 2-1 0.466
2 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 -453.4 0 0 0 -70.82 2-1 0.932
2 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 -28.41 0 0 0 41.44 2-1 1.398
2 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 396.58 0 0 0 -44.34 2-1 1.864
2 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 821.58 0 0 0 -328.17 2-1 2.33
3 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1062.48 0 0 0 -328.17 3-1 0
3 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -637.49 0 0 0 67.92 3-1 0.466
3 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 -212.5 0 0 0 265.96 3-1 0.932
3 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 212.5 0 0 0 265.96 3-1 1.398
3 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 637.49 0 0 0 67.92 3-1 1.864
3 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 1062.48 0 0 0 -328.17 3-1 2.33
4 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -821.58 0 0 0 -328.17 4-1 0
4 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -396.58 0 0 0 -44.34 4-1 0.466
4 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 28.41 0 0 0 41.44 4-1 0.932
4 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 453.4 0 0 0 -70.82 4-1 1.398
4 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 878.39 0 0 0 -381.13 4-1 1.864
4 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 1303.38 0 0 0 -889.48 4-1 2.33
5 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1663.48 0 0 0 -889.48 5-1 0
5 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 -889.48 0 0 0 -251.24 5-1 0.5
5 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 -115.48 0 0 0 0 5-1 1
KONDISI 1
TABLE: Element Forces - Frames
Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P V2 V3 T M2 M3 FrameElem ElemStation
Text m Text Text Kgf Kgf Kgf Kgf-m Kgf-m Kgf-m Text m
1 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 160 0 0 0 -5E-12 1-1 0
1 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 560 0 0 0 -180 1-1 0.5
1 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 960 0 0 0 -560 1-1 1
2 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -18001.79 0 0 0 -560 2-1 0
2 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -15625.79 0 0 0 7750.43 2-1 0.466
2 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 1150.21 0 0 0 11123.24 2-1 0.932
2 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 17926.21 0 0 0 6678.43 2-1 1.398
2 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 17998.21 0 0 0 -1708.66 2-1 1.864
2 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 24478.21 0 0 0 -10679.02 2-1 2.33
3 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -29520 0 0 0 -10679.02 3-1 0
3 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -12744 0 0 0 -831.51 3-1 0.466
3 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 -9.1E-12 0 0 0 1424.18 3-1 0.932
3 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 -9.1E-12 0 0 0 1424.18 3-1 1.398
3 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 12744 0 0 0 -831.51 3-1 1.864
3 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 29520 0 0 0 -10679.02 3-1 2.33
4 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -24478.21 0 0 0 -10679.02 4-1 0
4 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -17998.21 0 0 0 -1708.66 4-1 0.466
4 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 -17926.21 0 0 0 6678.43 4-1 0.932
4 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1150.21 0 0 0 11123.24 4-1 1.398
4 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 15625.79 0 0 0 7750.43 4-1 1.864
4 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 18001.79 0 0 0 -560 4-1 2.33
5 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -960 0 0 0 -560 5-1 0
5 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 -560 0 0 0 -180 5-1 0.5
5 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 -160 0 0 0 0 5-1 1
KONDISI 2
TABLE: Element Forces - Frames
Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P V2 V3 T M2 M3 FrameElem ElemStation
Text m Text Text Kgf Kgf Kgf Kgf-m Kgf-m Kgf-m Text m
1 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 160 0 0 0 -4.09E-12 1-1 0
1 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 560 0 0 0 -180 1-1 0.5
1 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 960 0 0 0 -560 1-1 1
2 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -18213.89 0 0 0 -560 2-1 0
2 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -15837.89 0 0 0 7849.26 2-1 0.466
2 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 938.11 0 0 0 11320.91 2-1 0.932
2 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 17714.11 0 0 0 6974.95 2-1 1.398
2 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 17786.11 0 0 0 -1313.31 2-1 1.864
2 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 24266.11 0 0 0 -10184.84 2-1 2.33
3 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -28527.12 0 0 0 -10184.84 3-1 0
3 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -11751.12 0 0 0 -800.01 3-1 0.466
3 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 992.88 0 0 0 993 3-1 0.932
3 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 992.88 0 0 0 530.32 3-1 1.398
3 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 992.88 0 0 0 67.63 3-1 1.864
3 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 992.88 0 0 0 -395.05 3-1 2.33
4 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -395.05 4-1 0
4 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -428.04 4-1 0.466
4 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -461.03 4-1 0.932
4 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -494.02 4-1 1.398
4 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -527.01 4-1 1.864
4 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 70.79 0 0 0 -560 4-1 2.33
5 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -960 0 0 0 -560 5-1 0
5 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 -560 0 0 0 -180 5-1 0.5
5 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 -160 0 0 0 0 5-1 1
KONDISI 3
TABLE: Element Forces - Frames
Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P V2 V3 T M2 M3 FrameElem ElemStation
Text m Text Text Kgf Kgf Kgf Kgf-m Kgf-m Kgf-m Text m
1 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 160 0 0 0 1.137E-13 1-1 0
1 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 560 0 0 0 -180 1-1 0.5
1 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 960 0 0 0 -560 1-1 1
2 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 1694.39 0 0 0 -560 2-1 0
2 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 1694.39 0 0 0 -1349.59 2-1 0.466
2 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 1694.39 0 0 0 -2139.17 2-1 0.932
2 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 1694.39 0 0 0 -2928.76 2-1 1.398
2 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 1694.39 0 0 0 -3718.35 2-1 1.864
2 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 9254.39 0 0 0 -5301.74 2-1 2.33
3 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -28440 0 0 0 -5301.74 3-1 0
3 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -11664 0 0 0 4042.5 3-1 0.466
3 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 7.276E-12 0 0 0 5932.06 3-1 0.932
3 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 7.276E-12 0 0 0 5932.06 3-1 1.398
3 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 11664 0 0 0 4042.5 3-1 1.864
3 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 28440 0 0 0 -5301.74 3-1 2.33
4 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -9254.39 0 0 0 -5301.74 4-1 0
4 0.466 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1694.39 0 0 0 -3718.35 4-1 0.466
4 0.932 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1694.39 0 0 0 -2928.76 4-1 0.932
4 1.398 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1694.39 0 0 0 -2139.17 4-1 1.398
4 1.864 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1694.39 0 0 0 -1349.59 4-1 1.864
4 2.33 DEAD LinStatic 0 -1694.39 0 0 0 -560 4-1 2.33
5 0 DEAD LinStatic 0 -960 0 0 0 -560 5-1 0
5 0.5 DEAD LinStatic 0 -560 0 0 0 -180 5-1 0.5
5 1 DEAD LinStatic 0 -160 0 0 0 -1.82E-12 5-1 1
BAB III
Perencanaan Superstruktur
A. Perencanaan Gelagar
Data perencanaan :
Mutu beton (fc') = 23 MPa
Mutu baja tulangan (fy) = 240 MPa
Elastisitas baja (Es) = 200000 MPa
Panjang bentang jembatan (Ljembatan) = 18.60 m
Lebar lantai kendaraan (blantai kend.) = 9.00 m
Lebar trotoar (btrotoar) = 1.00 m
Lebar balok diafragma (bdiafragma) = 0.30 m
Tinggi balok diafragma (hdiafragma) = 0.50 m
Jumlah balok diafragma = 6 buah
Ljembatan
Jarak as ke as balok diafragma =
n-1
18.6
=
6 - 1
= 3.72 m
Lebar balok gelagar (bgelagar) = 0.45 m
Tinggi balok gelagar (hgelagar) = 1.25 m
Tebal pelat lantai kendaraan (tlantai kend.) = 0.20 m
Tebal aspal (taspal) = 0.05 m
Tebal genangan air hujan = 0.05 m
ϒbeton = 2400 kg/m3
ϒaspal = 2200 kg/m3
ϒair = 1000 kg/m3
Jarak as ke as gelagar = 2.2500 m
a) Pembebanan
1) Beban mati
Beban pelat lantai kendaraan (qDL1)
Pelat lantai = 2.3 ∙ 0.20 ∙ 2400 = 1080 kg/m'
Lapisan aspal = 2.3 ∙ 0.05 ∙ 2200 = 247.500 kg/m'
Genangan air hujan = 2.3 ∙ 0.05 ∙ 1000 = 112.500 kg/m'
qDL1 = 1440 kg/m'
Sehingga:
● Untuk gelagar tepi
» qDL = ½ ∙ qDL1 + ½ ∙ qDL2 + qDL3
= ½ ∙ 1440.000 + ½ ∙ 1134.000 + 1170.000
= 2457.000 kg/m'
» PDL = ½ ∙ PDL
= ½ ∙ 648.000
= 324.000 kg
» PDL = PDL
= 648.000 kg
qult
A C B
3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm
18,6 cm
● ∑MB = 0
» RAV ∙ L - Pult 18.60 + 14.880 + 11.16 + 7.44 + 3.72 -
qult
A C B
3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm 3,72 cm
18,6 cm
● ∑MB = 0
» RAV ∙ L - Pult 18.60 + 14.88 + 11.16 + 7.44 + 3.72 -
∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» RAV ∙ 18.60 - 777.600 55.80 - ½ ∙ 3088.800 ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» 18.60 ∙ RAV - 43390.080 - 534300.624 = 0
577690.704
» RAV =
18.600
= 31058.640 kg
2) Beban hidup
Faktor kejut (Fk) terdapat pada PPJJR 1987 bab 3 pasal 1 hal 10
20
● Faktor kejut (Fk) = 1 +
50 + L
20
= 1 +
50 + 18.60
= 1.292
● Beban hidup didasarkan pada PPPJJR 1987 bab 3 pasal 1 hal. 7 yang menyatakan
bahwa perhitungan gelagar jembatan digunakan beban maksimum, sbb :
Beban lajur (q) → L < 30 m, BM 100%.
q = 2.20 ton/m' (untuk satu jalur selebar 3,475 m)
q100% = 2.20 ton/m'
q = 2200.00 kg/m'
● ∑MB = 0
» RAV ∙ L - Pult ½ 18.60 - ½ ∙ qult ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» RAV ∙ 18.60 - 6199.417 9.30 - ½ ∙ 880.000 ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» 18.60 ∙ RAV - 57654.577 - 152222.400 = 0
209876.977
» RAV =
18.600
= 11283.708 kg
● ∑MB = 0
» RAV ∙ L - Pult ½ 18.60 - ½ ∙ qult ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» RAV ∙ 18.60 - 12398.834 9.30 - ½ ∙ 1760.000 ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
» 18.60 ∙ RAV - 115309.155 - 304444.800 = 0
419753.955
» RAV =
18.600
= 22567.417 kg
bef
200 mm
1450 mm
1250 mm
450 mm
MR > MU
6320124000.000 N.mm > 1979643210.000 N.mm Aman..!!!
Maka balok dianggap berperilaku balok T persegi dan lebar efektif bef = 2250.0 mm
fy 240
m = = = 12.276
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 23
● Rasio penulangan
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.27621 · 1.10421
= 1 - 1 -
12.27621 240
= 0.00474
Kontrol :
Asperlu < Aspakai
13098.750 mm2 < 13672.211 mm2 Aman...!!!
● Cek rasio penulangan
Aspakai
ρact = > ρmin
bw ∙ d
13672.211
= > 0.00583
450 ∙ 998
= 0.0304 > 0.00583 Aman...!!!
● Syarat Keseimbangan
Vu
» Vs = - Vc
Ø
398702.290
= - 358967.990
0.6
= 305535.827 N
1 bw 1
» fc' · · d = 23 · 450 · 998
3 3
= 717935.979 N
Syarat : 1
Vs < fc' · b · d
3
305535.82714671 N < 717935.979 N Memenuhi...!!!
Av = n · Ast
= 2 · 113.097
= 226.195 mm2
Penulangan torsi :
Diketahui :
daktual > 0.6 m
0.998 m > 0.6 m Sehingga dibutuhkan tulangan torsi
Tulangan ini didistribusikan merata ke kedua sisi samping penampang dalam rentang jarak :
d 998
= = 499 mm dari tulangan torsi terdekat.
2 2
Cek spasi tulangan tidak boleh melebihi nilai terkecil dari d/6 = 166 mm
atau 300 mm.
Tulangan yang digunakan yaitu tulangan ø 12 untuk setiap sisi, sehingga spasi tulangan torsi
menjadi :
As ∙ fy
S =
0.85 ∙ fc ∙ bw
13098.750 ∙ 240
=
0.85 ∙ 23 ∙ 450
= 357.340 mm ≈ 300 mm < 300 mm
bef
200 mm
800 mm
600 mm
400 mm
> MR MU
6320124000.000 N.mm > 2793539600.000 N.mm Aman..!!!
Maka balok dianggap berperilaku balok T persegi dan lebar efektif bef = 2250.0 mm
● Rasio penulangan
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.27621 · 1.558
= 1 - 1 -
12.27621 240
= 0.00677
Kontrol :
Asperlu < Aspakai
15211.337 mm2 < 15280.707 mm2 Aman...!!!
● Syarat Keseimbangan
Vu
» Vs = - Vc
Ø
536260.570
= - 358967.990
0.6
= 534799.62714671 N
1 bw 1
» fc' · · d = 23 · 450 · 998
3 3
= 717935.979 N
Syarat : 1
Vs < fc' · b · d
3
534799.62714671 N < 717935.979 N Memenuhi...!!!
Av = n · Ast
= 2 · 113.097
= 226.195 mm2
Penulangan torsi :
Diketahui :
daktual > 0.6 m
0.998 m > 0.6 m Sehingga dibutuhkan tulangan torsi
Tulangan ini didistribusikan merata ke kedua sisi samping penampang dalam rentang jarak :
d 998
= = 499 mm dari tulangan torsi terdekat.
2 2
Cek spasi tulangan tidak boleh melebihi nilai terkecil dari d/6 = 166 mm
atau 300 mm.
Tulangan yang digunakan yaitu tulangan ø 12 untuk setiap sisi, sehingga spasi tulangan torsi
menjadi :
As ∙ fy
S =
0.85 ∙ fc ∙ bw
15211.337 ∙ 240
=
0.85 ∙ 23 ∙ 450
= 414.973 mm ≈ 400 mm > 300 mm
bef = 1500 mm
5 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
Ø 10 - 50 mm h = 900 mm
15 Ø 32
bef = 1500 mm
5 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
Ø 10 - 50 mm h = 900 mm
15 Ø 32
bw = 500 mm
bef = 1500 mm
5 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
Ø 10 - 200 mm h = 900 mm
15 Ø 32
bw = 500 mm
B. Perencanaan Diafragma
1) Data Perencanaan
Mutu beton (fc') = 23 MPa
Mutu baja tulangan (fy) = 240 MPa
Elastisitas baja (Es) = 200000 MPa
Lebar balok diafragma = 0.30 m
Tinggi balok diafragma = 0.50 m
Bentang bersih balok (bef) = 2.2500 - 0.5 = 1.7500 m
Spasi balok = 3.720 m
Beratisi beton (gbeton) = 2400 kg/m3
ø Sengkang = 12 mm
ø tul. Longitudinal balok utama = 16 mm
Selimut beton (ds) = 40 mm
h = 500 mm
2) Pembebanan
d = h - ds - ø Sengkang - ½ ∙ ø tul. Pokok b = 300 mm
= 500 - 40 - 12 - ½ ∙ 16
= 440 mm
Diafragma berfungsi sebagai perkakuan antar gelagar memanjang pada arah melintang. Adapun gaya-
gaya yang bekerja yaitu :
● Berat sendiri balok
qDL = bw . h . gbeton
= 0.30 ∙ 0.50 ∙ 2400
= 360 kg/m'
» P2 = 619.942 kg
∑P2 = P2 ∙ n
= 619.942 ∙ 5
= 3099.708 kg
Momen Ultimate
Diasumsikan balok terjepit pada kedua ujungnya.
SPLL = 3599,708 kg
1.750 m
3) Penulangan lentur
● Koefisien tahanan (k)
Mu 13150230.000
k = =
b
ø ∙ ef ∙ d 2
0.80 ∙ 300 ∙ 440 2
= 0.283
fy 240
m = = = 12.276
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 23
● Rasio penulangan
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
0.85 ∙ fc' ∙ β 600
ρmax = 0.75
fy 600 + fy
0.85 ∙ 23 ∙ 0.85 600
= 0.75
240 600 + 240
= 0.03709
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.276 · 0.283
= 1 - 1 -
12.276 240
= 0.00119
ρmin > ρperlu < ρmax, maka digunakan ρmin = 0.00583
1
● Vc = fc' · b · d
6
1
= 23 · 300 · 440
6
= 105508.294 N
● S = 0.5 · d
= 0.5 · 440
= 220 mm ≈ 200 mm
Jadi, digunakan ø12-200
2 Ø 16
h = 500 mm
Ø 12 - 200 mm
5 Ø 16
b = 300 mm
mm
3
h = 500 mm
b = 300 mm
∙ qult ∙ 18.60 2 = 0
∙ qult
+ ½ ∙ ø tul. Pokok
Karena, ½ ø Vc ≥ Vn maka tulangan geser tidak perlu sengkang. Walaupun secara teoritis
tidak perlu sengkang tetapi untuk kestabilan struktur dan peraturan mensyaratkan dipasang tulangan
minimum (spasi maksimum).
bef = 2250 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 200 mm
h = 1450 mm
Ø 12 - 150 mm
4 Ø 12 - 300 mm
18 Ø 32
bw = 450 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 200 mm
h = 1450 mm
Ø 12 - 150 mm
4 Ø 12 - 300 mm
18 Ø 32
bw = 450 mm
bef = 2250 mm
hef = 200 mm
18 Ø 32
h = 1450 mm
Ø 12 - 50 mm
4 Ø 12 - 300 mm
6 Ø 32
bw = 450 mm
bef = 1500 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
bw = 500 mm
bef = 1500 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
4 Ø 10 -250 mm Ø 10 - 250 mm h = 900 mm
12 Ø 32
bef = 1500 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
4 Ø 10 -250 mm Ø 10 -100 mm h = 900 mm
12 Ø 32
bw = 500 mm
bef = 1500 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
4 Ø 10 -250 mm Ø 10 - 250 mm h = 900 mm
12 Ø 32
bw = 500 mm
bw = 500 mm
bef = 1500 mm
6 Ø 32 hef = 300 mm
4 Ø 10 -250 mm Ø 10 - 250 mm h = 900 mm
12 Ø 32
bw = 500 mm
hef = 200 mm
21 Ø 32
h = 1450 mm
Ø 12 - 50 mm
4 Ø 12 - 300 mm
7 Ø 32
bw = 450 mm
bef = 2250 mm
7 Ø 32 hef = 200 mm
bef = 2250 mm
7 Ø 32 hef = 200 mm
h = 1450 mm
Ø 12 - 150 mm
4 Ø 12 - 300 mm
21 Ø 32
bw = 450 mm
h = 500 mm
b = 300 mm
BAB IV
Perencanaan Substruktur
A. Perencanaan Abutmen
1) Beban Mati
a) Berat tiang sandaran (Wd1)
Dari perencanaan awal tiang sandaran, diperoleh PDL = 90.861 kg
Untuk satu sisi jembatan terdapat 10 tiang sandaran.
Berat 10 buah tiang sandaran = 10 ∙ PDL
= 10 ∙ 90.861
= 908.612 kg
Secara keseluruhan pembebanan akibat beban mati dan beban hidup dari bangunan superstruktur :
0.5 ∙ WD total
Beban mati (PD) =
Lebar abutmen
0.5 ∙ 149670.103
=
8.5
= 8804.124 kg
2) Menghitung Eksentrisitas
Sumbu X
e1 = - ½ ∙ 0.3 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = -0.500 m
e2 = - ½ ∙ 0.65 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = -0.675 m
e3 = 0.00 m
e4 = - ⅓ ∙ 0.65 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = -0.57 m
e5 = ⅓ ∙ 0.65 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 0.57 m
e6 = 0
e7 = - ⅓ ∙ 1.25 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = -0.77 m
e8 = ⅓ ∙ 1.25 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 0.77 m
e9 = 0
Sumbu Y
e1 = ½ ∙ 0.65 + 0.65 + 0.6 + 0.4 + 4.5 + 0.3
= 7.275 m
e2 = ½ ∙ 0.65 + 0.6 + 0.4 + 4.5 + 0.3 + 0.5
= 6.625 m
Berat abutmen :
Titik berat abutmen
∑W∙x -918.45
x = = = -0.0497 m
∑W 18462
∑W∙y 59457.65
y = = = 3.2205 m
∑W 18462
2. Menghitung Eksentrisitas
Sumbu XA
ea = ½ ∙ 0.95 + 0.3 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 1.125 m
eb = ½ ∙ 0.6 + 0.65 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 1.3 m
ec = ⅔ ∙ 0.65 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 0.783 m
ed = ½ ∙ 1.25 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 0.975 m
ee = ⅔ ∙ 1.25 + ½ ∙ 0.7 = 1.18333 m
Sumbu XB
ea = ½ ∙ 0.95 + 0.3 + 0.7 + 1.25 = 2.725 m
eb = ½ ∙ 0.6 + 0.65 + 0.7 + 1.25 = 2.90 m
ec = ⅔ ∙ 0.65 + 0.7 + 1.25 = 2.38333 m
ed = ½ ∙ 1.25 + 0.7 + 1.25 = 2.575 m
ee = ⅔ ∙ 1.25 + 0.7 + 1.25 = 2.78333 m
H2 = 0.5 ∙ h2 ∙ ϒb ∙ Ka
= 0.5 ∙ 7.6 2 ∙ 1443 ∙ 0.33333
= 13891.280 kg
H3 = 0.5 ∙ P ∙ Ka ∙ h'
= 0.5 ∙ 4363.6363636 ∙ 0.333 ∙ 3.4641
= 4363.6363636 kg
Lengan momen :
H1 = ½ ∙ 7.6
= 3.8 m
H2 = ⅓ ∙ 7.6
= 2.5333333 m
w = 150 kg/m2
2m
1.75 m 1.75 m
RA RB
Gaya Rem
Gaya rem pada perencanaan ini diperhitungkan sebesar 5% dari beban "D" ton per koefisien kejut
D = ½ ∙ P + q
= ½ ∙ 4363.636 + 800.000
= 2581.818
SR = 5% ∙ 2581.818
= 129.091 kg
SR
1.8 m
16 m
RA RB
∑MB = 0
-RA ∙ 18.6 + SR ∙ 1.8 = 0
-RA ∙ 18.6 + 129.09090909 ∙ 1.8 = 0
RA = 12.493 kg
Bila titik tangkap gempa berhimpit dengan titik berat massa konstruksi.
Maka :
A Eksentrisitas A∙Y
No
m2 Y (m) m3
1 0.195 7.275 1.419 ∑A∙Y
Ỹ =
2 0.4225 6.625 2.7990625 ∑A
3 1.2 6 7.200 24.774
=
4 0.13 5.567 0.724 7.6925
5 0.13 5.567 0.724 = 3.221 m
6 3.64 3.1 11.284
7 0.1875 0.600 0.113
8 0.1875 0.600 0.113
9 1.6 0.25 0.400
∑ 7.6925 24.774
MA = MG = Teg ∙ Ỹ
= 3092.52178 ∙ 3.221
= 9959.597 kg.m
Kontrol :
MT
> FS
> FS
MG
96216.73
> 1.5
42892.576
2.243 > 1.5 ...OK !!!!
Kontrol :
∑V
> FS
PD
32429.50
> 1.5
15917.947
2.037 > 1.5 ...OK !!!!
Kontrol :
∑V
> FS
Pb
41233.624
> 1.5
> 1.5
20281.583
2.033 > 1.5 ...OK !!!!
Kombinasi Pembebanan
1) Kombinasi I
M + (H+K) + Pa + PU
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 52024.923 + 7884.769 + 0 + 0
= 59909.693 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 0 + 0 + 25351.979 + 0
= 25351.979 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = -19207.830 + 0 + 91979.356 + 0
= 72771.526 kg.m
2) Kombinasi II
M + Pa + Gg + Ah + A + Sr + Tm
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 52024.923 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 308.118 + 0
= 52333.041 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 0 + 25351.979 + 1716.804 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 27068.783 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = -19207.830 + 91979.356 + 5529.040 + 0 +
= 78300.566 kg.m
3) Kombinasi III
Komb.I + Rm + Gg + A + Sr + Tm + Sf
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 59909.693 + 0 + 0 + 308.118 + 0 + 0
= 60217.811 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 25351.979 + 227.807 + 1716.804 + 0 + 0
= 27296.590 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = 72771.526 + 227.807487 + 5529.040 + 0 + 0
= 78528.374 kg.m
4) Kombinasi IV
M + Gh + Tag + Gg + Ahg + PU
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 52024.923 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 52024.923 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 0 + 3092.522 + 0 + 1716.804 + 0 + 0
= 4809.326 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = -19207.830 + 9959.597 + 0+ 5529.040 +
= -3719.193 kg.m
5) Kombinasi V
M+V
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 52024.923 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 0 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = -19207.830 kg.m
6) Kombinasi VI
M + (H+K) + Pa + S + Tb
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 52024.923 + 7884.769 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 59909.693 kg
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 0 + 0 + 25351.979 + 0 + 0
= 25351.979 kg
Gaya momen (Mu) = -19207.830 + 0 + 91979.356
= 72771.526 kg.m
Perencanaan Dinding Abutmen
A. Pembebanan
Gaya aksial (Pu) = 60217.811 kg Mu
Eksentrisitas (e) =
Gaya lintang (Vu) = 27296.590 kg Pu
Momen (Mu) = 78528.374 kg.m 78528.374
=
60217.811
= 1.30407 m
B. Properti dinding abutmen
tebal (h) = 1000 mm
tinggi (l) = 4500 mm
lebar (b) = 1000 mm
Pu
Mu
Selimut beton (ds) = 75 mm
tul. pokok = 25 mm
tul. geser = 14 mm
3500 mm
700 mm
k ∙ l 2 ∙ 4500
λ = =
r 289.0
= 31.142 > 22 ...OK !!!
Ec = 4700 fc'
= 4700 20
= 21019.039 MPa
Ec ∙ Ig
Ei =
2.5 ∙ 1 + Bd
21019 ∙ 83333333333.33
=
2.5 ∙ 1 + 0.25
= 636940575409031 N.mm2
= 636940.575 kN.m2
π2 ∙ Ei
Pc =
k ∙ Lu 2
π2 ∙ 636940.575
=
2 ∙ 3 2
= 174620.875 kN
Cm
δb =
Pu
1 -
ø ∙ Pc
1
=
602.178
1 -
0.65 ∙ 174620.875
= 1.00533 > 1 ...OK !!!
ab = β1 ∙ cb
= 0.85 ∙ 641.786
= 545.518 mm
cb - d' 641.786 - 75
Ɛs' = = = 0.88314
cb 641.786
fs' = Es ∙ Ɛs'
= 200000 ∙ 0.88314
= 176627.713 MPa
Rasio penulangan ρg = 1% - 8% Ag
Digunakan rasio tulangan 2%
ρ = ρ' = 0.5 ∙ ρtotal
= 0.5 ∙ 1%
= 0.005
As = As' = ρ ∙ b ∙ d
= 0.005 ∙ 1000 ∙ 898.5
= 4492.5 mm2
Ast ø 25 = ¼ ∙ π ∙ 25 2
= 490.874 mm2
4492.5
n = = 9.152 ≈ 10 buah
490.874
b 1000
S = = = 111.11 ≈ 100 mm
n - 1 10 - 1
As 4492.5
Pact = = = 0.0050
b ∙ d 1000 ∙ 898.5
fy 230
m = = = 13.529
0.85 ∙ fc' 0.85 ∙ 20
h - 2e 1000 - 2 ∙ 1311
=
2d 2 ∙ 898.5
= -0.903
d' 75
1 - = 1 -
1 - = 1 -
d 898.5
= 0.917
øPn > Pu
657.815 kN > 602.178 kN ...OK !!!
1 1
fc' · bw · d = 20 · 1000 · 898.5
fc' · bw · d = 20 · 1000 · 898.5
3 3
= 1339404.719 N
= 1339.405 kN
Maka :
1
Vs < fc' · bw · d
3
72.055 kN < 1339.405 kN ...OK !!!
Av = 3 ∙ As
= 3 ∙ 153.938
= 461.814 mm2
Av ∙ fy 461.81412008 ∙ 240
S = =
b 1000
= 110.835 mm
≈ 100 mm
Tegangan tanah :
Pu 6 ∙ e
σmax = 1 +
B B
60217.811 6 ∙ 130.407
= 1 +
320 320
= 648.308 kg/cm2
Pu 6 ∙ e
σmin = 1 -
B B
60217.811 6 ∙ 130.407
= 1 -
320 320
= -271.947 kg/cm2
Pu
Mu
40
80
120 70 120
310
s
120 70 120
310
σmax - σmin
σc = B - L + σmin
B
648.308 - -271.947
= 320 - 100 + -271.947
320
= 360.728 kg/cm2
c) Koefisien tahanan
Mn
k =
b ∙ d 2
608894547.335
=
1250 ∙ 1162.5 2
= 0.360
d) Koefisien m
fy 240
m = = = 12.276
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 23
e) Rasio penulangan
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.27621 · 0.36045
= 1 - 1 -
12.27621 240
= 0.00152
Asperlu 8476.563
n = = = 17.268 ≈ 18 batang
AsD16 490.874
h) Spasi tulangan
b 1250
S = = = 73.529 ≈ 50 mm
n - 1 18 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 18ø25 - 50 mm
b 1250
S = = = 89.286 ≈ 80 mm
n - 1 15 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 18ø14 - 70 mm
0.25 m
H1 1.7 m
H2
d) Koefisien m
fy 240
m = = = 12.2762148
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 23
e) Rasio penulangan
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.27621 · 0.09206
= 1 - 1 -
12.27621 240
= 0.00038
ρmin > ρperlu < ρmax, maka digunakan ρmin = 0.00583
Asperlu 1443.750
n = = = 2.941 ≈ 3 batang
AsD16 490.874
h) Spasi tulangan
b 1000
S = = = 500.000 ≈ 300 mm
n - 1 3 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 4ø25 - 300 mm
g) Tulangan bagi
Asperlu = ρmin · b · d
= 0.00583 · 1000 · 247.5
= 1443.750 mm2
Asø8 = ¼ · π · ø 2
= ¼ · π · 14 2
= 153.938 mm2
Asperlu 1443.750
n = = = 9.379 ≈ 10 batang
Asø8 153.938
b 1000
S = = = 111.111 ≈ 100 mm
n - 1 10 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 10ø14 - 100 mm
3m
6.4 m
1.2 m
Total beban = H1 + H2
= 2026.667 + 17809.333
H = 19836 kg
Momen terfaktor (Mu) Gaya lintang terfaktor (Vu)
Mu = 1.2 ∙ ½ ∙ H ∙ L2 Vu = 1.2 ∙ H ∙ L
= 1.2 ∙ ½ ∙ 19836.000 ∙ 2.5 2 = 1.2 ∙ 19836.000
= 74385.000 kg.m = 71409.600 kg
= 743.850 kN.m = 714.096 kN
Propertis sayap:
lebar (b) = 2500 mm
tebal (h) = 600 mm
Selimut beton (ds) = 75 mm
tul. pokok = 25 mm
tul. geser = 14 mm
Mn
Rn =
ø ∙ b ∙ d 2
743850000.000
=
0.8 ∙ 2500 ∙ 498.5 2
= 1.19733
fy 240
m = = = 12.2762148
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 23
1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
1 2 · m · k
ρperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 · 12.27621 · 1.19733
= 1 - 1 -
12.27621 240
= 0.00515
ρmin <ρperlu < ρmax, maka digunakan ρperlu = 0.00583
Asperlu = ρperlu · b · d
= 0.00583 · 2500 · 498.5
= 7269.792 mm2
AsD25 = ¼ · π · D 2
= ¼ · π · 25 2
= 490.874 mm2
Asperlu 7269.792
n = = = 14.810 ≈ 15 batang
AsD25 490.874
b 2500
S = = = 178.571 ≈ 150 mm
n - 1 15 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 16ø25 - 150 mm
Tulangan bagi :
Asperlu = ρperlu · b · d
= 0.00200 · 1000 · 498.5
= 997.000 mm2
Asø12 = ¼ · π · ø 2
= ¼ · π · 14 2
= 153.938 mm2
Asperlu 997.000
n = = = 6.477 ≈ 7 batang
Asø12 153.938
b 1000
S = = = 166.667 ≈ 150 mm
n - 1 7 - 1
Sehingga tulangan yang digunakan 7ø14 - 150 mm
3240.00 +
100%
100%
100%
100%
uperstruktur :
CEK DARI ATAS SINI SAMPAI BAWAH
LANJUT DI PONDASINYA JUGA YAH
+ 0.5
+ 0.7
kg/m2
er koefisien kejut
∑V beban mati
+ 0
+ 0+ 0
0 + 0 + 0 + 0
+ 0
+ 0 + 0
+ 0 + 0
0 + 0
`
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
0.917
669.702
-271.947 ∙
N.mm
0.36045
kg/m2
kg/m2
∙ 3
PERENCANAAN PONDASI TIANG PANCANG
a. Data Perencanaan :
Dari perhitungan abutmen diperoleh nilai kombinasi beban maksimum, gaya geser maksimum dan momen
maksimum sebagai berikut :
● Beban aksial (Pu) = 60217.81053 kg/m x 8.5 m = 511851.390 kg
● Gaya lintang (Vu) = 27296.5904 kg/m x 8.5 m = 232021.018 kg
● Momen (Mu) = 78528.37392 kg.m/m x 8.5 m = 667491.178 kg.m
Direncanakan :
● Diameter tiang (D) = 50 cm = 0.50 m
● Mutu beton (fc') = 22 MPa
● Mutu baja tulangan (fy) = 240 MPa
● Koefisien friksi = 0.6
● Kedalaman = 5 m dari dasar sungai
● Tegangan ijin tanah (sIjin) = 1250 kg/cm2
● Sudut gesek (Ø) = 30 °
● Luas tiang pancang (Ap)
Ap = ¼ · π · D 2
= ¼ · π · 0.50 2
= 0.196 m2
● Keliling tiang pancang (∑p)
∑p = 2 · π · r
= 2 · π · 0.250
= 1.571 m
Maka :
Qs = ∑p . L . F
= 1.571 · 5 · 890.457
= 6993.636 kg
Digunakan Fs = 3
maka :
Qu 98099.823
Qijin = = = 32699.941 kg
3 3
» d' = 500 - 2 · 65
= 370 mm
» e = 1000 mm
fy 240
» m = = = 12.834
0.85 · fc' 0.85 · 22
2
» Pn = 0,85 . fc' . d2 0,85 . e - 0.38 + ∑P . m . d' - 0,85 . e - 0.38
D 2,5 . D D
1/2
= 4675000 1.742 + 0.00597 - 1.320
= 4675000 · 0.654
= 3059777.12871724 N
= 3059.777 kN
» ØPn = 0.65 · 3059.777
= 1988.855 kN
f. Perencanaan pondasi
» Jumlah Tiang yang dibutukan (n)
Pu 511851.390
n = = = 15.653 » 16 tiang
Qijin 32699.941
dmin = 3,5D
= 3.5 · 0.5
= 1.75 m
Catatan :
Apabila nilai ɳ ≤ 1, maka (Qg = ɳ . ∑Qu)
Apabila nilai ɳ ≥ 1, maka (Qg = ∑Qu)
Qg 1498854.8844741
Qall = = = 499618.2948247 kg
Fs 3
Dc = D - 2 . ds
= 500 - 2 · 40
= 420 mm
Ac = ¼ · π · Dc 2
= ¼ · π · 420 2
= 138474.0 mm 2
Ag = ¼ · π · D 2
= ¼ · π · 500 2
= 196250 mm2
Ag fc'
P = 0.45 - 1
Ac fy
196250 22
= 0.45 - 1
138474 240
= 0.01721
kg.m
F. Perencanaan Pondasi Sumuran
1) Data perencanaan :
a. Momen dari abutmen, Mu = 78528 kg.m /
b. Beban aksial dari abutmen, Pu = 60218 kg /
c. Intensitas tahanan geser, fs = 5 MPa
d. Lebar abutmen, B = 8.5 m
e. Diameter sumuran (rencana), D = 3 m
f. Tinggi sumuran (rencana), H = 5 m
g. Jumlah sumuran yang akan digunakan, n = 2 buah
Pu
Mu
1.2 m
4m
2.6 m
3m
2.6 m
3m
Selimut beton = 70 mm
be = D - 2 · ds = 3000 - 2 · 70
= 2860 mm
Direncanakan tul. Pokok D22
d' = ds + Dspiral + ½ ∙ Dtul. Pokok = 70 + 12 + ½ ∙
= 93 mm
Ae = ¼ · π · be 2 = ¼ · π · 2860 2 = 6424242.817
Ag = ¼ · π · D 2 = ¼ · π · 3000 2 = 7068583.471
600 600
cb = ∙ d = ∙ 3000 - 93
600 + fy 600 + 240
= 2076.42857 mm
h ab h
Mnb = 0.85 ∙ fc' ∙ ab ∙ be - + As ∙ fs' -
2 2 2
h
+ As ∙ fy Ds -
2
2400 1765.0
= 0.85 ∙ 23 ∙ 1765.0 ∙ 2860 -
2 2
2400
8552.986 ∙ 240 - 93 + 8552.986 ∙ 329
2
= 38148118700 N.mm
= 3814811.8700222 kg.m
Mnb 3814811.8700222
ab = = = 0.375 m = 375 mm
ab = = = 0.375 m = 375 mm
Pnb 10162576.613
Mu 3337.456
e = = = 1.304 m = 1304 mm
Pu 2559.257
Ag fc'
ρs = 0.45 - 1
Ae fy
7068583.471 23
= 0.45 - 1
6424242.817 240
= 0.00433
25 cm25 cm
140 cm
70 cm
50 cm
350 cm
Tul. Pokok Abutmen Ø 25-80 mm
Tul. geser Abutmen Ø 12-100 mm
350 cm
Tul. Pokok Abutmen Ø 25-80 mm
6424242.817 mm2
7068583.471 mm2
total (45D22)
d'
2400
2814 -
2
Tabel KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN DAN GAYA
No. Kombinasi Pembebanan dan Gaya Gaya Aksial (Pu) (kg) Gaya Lintang (Vu) (kg) Momen (Mu) (kg.m)