Organizing
Actuating
Yani Setiasih
Divisi Neonatologi RSHS Controling
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Tidak terlihat dan tidak mudah di raba Penentuan area insersi (vena)
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Berikan rasa nyaman (nesting, swadling, NNS, Libatkan saat proses pemasangan
sukrosa) (emosional support bayi) → penerapan
family centre care
Persiapan Alat Posisikan untuk posisi ergonomis petugas
Gomella, 2020
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CDC, 2011
Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection
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Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection
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CDC, 2011
Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection
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APSIC 2016
• Gunakan Klorheksidin (CHG) (0.5-2% CHG dalam 70% alkohol) pada kulit sebelum
pemasangan dan penggantian dressing
• Jika terdapat Kontraindikasi, povidone iodin atau alkohol 70% dapat menjadi
alternatif (IA)
• Biarkan hingga mengering sebelum dilakukan pemasangan (IB)
Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection
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Insersi Kateter
Insersi Kateter
• Pastikan lokasi vena yang akan ditusuk
• Pastikan lokasi vena dan sekitarnya sudah bersih dan ❑Finding a vein can be challenjing
steril (sabun dan disinfektan)
▪ Go by “feel”, not by sight. Good vein are bouncy to the touch, but are
• Pastikan alat atau kateter yang sesuai not always visible.
• Tentukan angle dan kemiringan untuk menusuk ▪ Use warm compresses and allow the arm to hang dependently to fill
veins.
• Pastikan tidak ada luka atau sikatrik di lokasi
▪ A BP inflated to 10 mmHg below the known systolic pressure creates the
penusukan perfect tourniquet.
▪ If the patient is NOT allergic to latex, using a latex tourniquet may
provide better venous congestion, but not recomendation
▪ Remain and Avoid of “restricted area” (flexy, compression,
hemiplegi/pharese, etc)
Gomella, 2020
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terselesaikan
Saving Newborn Lives From Blood Stream Infection
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Turbulence flow
• Ketika dan setelah penggantian
penutup transparan
FLUSHING
• Prefilled flushing
• Single-dose flushing
• Push-pause technique
3 *Bolton D. Preventing occlusion and restoring patency to central venous catheters. Br J Community Nurs. 2013;18(11):539-544. 31
1
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Reference of INS 2016 (Flushing and Locking; Practice F; #3) INS 2016
Results: 40. Flushing and Locking
Standard
Bacterial Colonization in Lumen Catheter …”In a previous study, using the same method as the one
applied in this work, Guiffant et al 9 concluded that Practice
1800 (CFU)/mL hydrodynamics is critical for removing proteins from the A.…
endoluminal wall of a catheter and that the adjunction of
1600 an intermittent component in the flow increases this B.…
effect.”…
C.…
1400
D.…
1200 …”The flushing of venous catheters is a complex E. …
process, where convection and diffusion are coupled F. Use positive-pressure techniques to minimize blood reflux into the VAD lumen.
1000 with chemical interactions associated with protein
adhesion and disadhesion 9.”… 1. Prevent syringe-induced blood reflux by leaving a small amount (eg, 0.5-1 mL) of flush
800
P<0.0001 solution in a traditional syringe (ie, not a prefilled syringe) to avoid compression of the
plunger rod gasket or by using a prefilled syringe designed to prevent this type of reflux.
…“Among all the CR-BSI prevention strategies related to
600 peripheral and central catheters, pulsative flushing is a 10,17 (IV)
simple, effective, and inexpensive technique, associated 2. Prevent disconnection reflux by using the appropriate sequence for flushing, clamping, and
400 with good practice. Pulsative
flushing appears to disconnection determined by the type of needleless connector being used (refer to Standard
be efficient in reducing catheter bacterial 34, Needleless Connectors ).
200 colonization to prevent bacteremia. Further 3.Consider using pulsatile flushing technique. In vitro studies have shown that10 short
studies would be necessary to confirm in vivo the results
0 of this in vitro study.” boluses of 1 mL interrupted by brief pauses may be more effective at removing solid
Continuous Flushing Pulsatile Flushing deposits (eg, fibrin, drug precipitate, intraluminal bacteria), compared to continuous low-flow
Mean Median techniques. Clinical studies are needed to provide more clarity on the true effect of this
technique. 10, 18 (IV)
10. Goossens GA. Flushing and locking of venous catheters: available evidence and evidence deficit [published online May 14, 2015]. Nurs Res Pract doi:10.1155/2015/985686.
35 9. Guiffant G, Durussel
Confidential—For JJ, Merckx
Internal J, Flaud P, Vigier JP, Mousset P. Flushing of intravascular access devices (IVADs) – efficacy of pulsed and continuous infusions. J Vasc Access.
Use Only 36 18. Confidential—For
Ferroni A, Gaudin F,Internal Use
Guiffant G, et Only
al. Pulsative flushing as a strategy to prevent bacterial colonization of vascular access devices. Med Devices (Auckland, NZ) . 2014;7:379-383.
2012;13(1):75–77.
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Portal of entry
disinfection Menguangi kejadian tertusuk jarum
William R. Jarvis, MD. Choosing the Best Design for Intravenous Needleless Connectors to Prevent Healthcare- Associated Bloodstream Infections. Infection Control Today. Aug 2010. Vol. 14 No. 8
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• Namun jika mendapatkan produk darah/ transfusi maka disarankan 24 jam sekali,
dan jika mendapatkan lemak (terpisah maupun 3 in 1) maka dapat diganti Controling
setidaknya 48 jam sekali. (IB)
APSIC, 2016
Pemeriksaan
Rasa Nyaman
Radiologi
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