Online training

Oleh : Dr. Elida Novita, S.TP, M.T, IPM

Melaksanakan Interpretasi Hasil Penilaian Daur Hidup.

Disampaikan pada pelatihan untuk Sertifikasi Keahlian Perhitungan Nilai

Daur Hidup LCA
13 – 15 September 2022
Melaksanakan Interpretasi Hasil Penilaian
Daur Hidup.

I. Identifikasi isu penting

II.Evaluasi Pemeriksaan Kelengkapan,
Analisis Sensitivitas, Analisis
Ketidakpastian dan Konsistensi
• Pemeriksaan kelengkapan
• Pemeriksaan sensitivitas
• Pemeriksaan ketidakpastian
• Pemeriksaan konsistensi
III. Rekomendasi
IV. Review dan validasi
V. Critical Review
Where are we?
 Interpretasi Daur Hidup
Hasil dari analisis inventori atau penilaian dampak, atau
keduanya, dievaluasi dalam kaitannya dengan tujuan dan
lingkup yang ditetapkan untuk memperoleh kesimpulan dan
rekomendasi

Interpretasi adalah Teknik yang sistematis untuk melakukan

identifikasi, kualifikasi, pengecekan serta mengevaluasi
informasi dari hasil LCI dan LCIA pada system dan menjawab
tujuan dan cakupan LCA yang telah ditetapkan (Conclusion).

Aplikasi langsung untuk perbaikan dan pengembangan

produk, perencanaan strategis, pemasaran dan lainnya
Analisis hasil kajian [1]
LCA results used in the identification of key issues:

• In general, expressed in matrix format,

where rows list inventory items and columns
identify unit processes and activities shown
Characterized in the process tree
impact

• Reflect the entire product system’s

perspective by aggregating all impact
Weighted categories of the product system.
impact
 Analisis hasil kajian [2]
Characterized impact for identification of key issues:

Table 1. Characterized impact of the global warming impact category of a

fictitious product system (unit: g CO2eq/fu)
 Analisis hasil kajian [3]
Characterized impact for identification of key issues:

Table 2. Percent contribution by each entry on the matrix to the total

global warming impact category of a fictitious product system (unit: %)

Note: Every entry of the characterized impact matrix is now divided by the total
impact of the product system and expressed as a percentage of the total.
Interpretasi
1. Interpretasi LCA menggunakan prosedur yang sistematis untuk
mengidentifikasi, menguji , memeriksa, mengevaluasi dan menyajikan
kesimpulan berdasarkan temuan dari LCA, dalam rangka memenuhi
persyaratan untuk penerapan sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam tujuan dan
lingkup kajian
2. Interpretasi menggunakan prosedur yang berulang baik dalam tahap
interpretasi maupun tahap lain dalam LCA
3. Interpretasi daur hidup membuat ketentuan yang mengkaitkan LCA
dengan Teknik lain dalam hal pengelolaan lingkungan dengan
menekankan pada kekuatan dan kelemahan LCA dalam hubungannya
dengan definisi tujuan dan lingkup
4. Interpretasi adalah integrasi dari hasil LCI dan LCIA yang kemudian
digunakan untuk mengkaji menarik kesimpulan dan rekomendasi yang
konsisten dengan tujuan dan lingkup yang telah ditentukan
Rekomendasi
1. Identifikasi isu penting berdasarkan hasil tahap LCI dan
LCIA dari LCA
2. Evaluasi yang mempertimbangkan pemeriksaan
kelengkapan, sensitivitas dan konsistensi.
3. Menggambarkan kegiatan pemeriksaan kelengkapan dari
studi LCA dan apakah kesimpulan tersebut sudah sesuai
dengan kebutuhan data dan asumsi yang didefinisikan
dalan tujuan dan lingkup kajian.
ISO 14040.
Hubungan antar unsur
dalam tahap interpretasi
dengan tahap lain dalam
LCA
Review dan validasi [1]
The general requirements of the ISO standards are:
1. A life cycle assessment shall include the goal and
scope definition, inventory analysis, impact
assessment, and interpretation of results.
2. Systems shall be compared using the same
functional unit and equivalent methodological
considerations such as performance, system
boundaries, data quality, allocation procedures,
decision rules and impact assessment
Review dan validasi [2]
The goal shall: Unambiguously state the intended application, including
the reasons for carrying out the study and the intended audience, i.e. to
whom the results of the study are intended to be communicated.
Review dan validasi [3]
The scope shall clearly describe:
1. The functional unit,
2. The systems to be studied,
3. The system boundaries, and criteria used in establishing system boundaries
and the justification of these criteria,
4. Allocation procedures,
5. The impact categories,
6. The methodology for impact assessment and interpretation,
7. Initial data and data quality requirements,
8. Assumptions and limitations,
9. The type of critical review, if any, and who to conduct the review,
10. The type of format of the report
 Review dan validasi [5]
The Impact Assessment
The characterization and the characterization factors shall
be documented in a transparent manner and value-choices
and assumptions made during the selection and definition
of impact categories shall be identified and justified.

The reviewer 🡪 should state his or her professional

judgement regarding the appropriateness of the methods
used.
 Review dan validasi [6]

The interpretation
1. Before interpreting the results, the equivalence of the systems being compared shall be
evaluated.
2. The result of a life cycle assessment shall be interpreted in relation to the goal and
scope of the study.
3. During the study, sensitivity analysis shall be used to determine the system boundaries
4. Explicit consideration shall be given to the possible limitations of the conclusion
5. The precision, completeness and representativeness of all data shall be assessed.
Review dan validasi [7]

Pertimbangan dalam pelaporan (SNI ISO 14044: 2017)

1. Jenis dan format laporan harus didefinisikan dalam tahap lingkup dari kajian
2. Hasil dan kesimpulan LCA harus secara lengkap dan akurat dilaporkan tanpa bias kepada
pihak yang dituju
3. Hasil data, metode, asumsi dan keterbatasan harus transparan dan disampaikan secara
cukup rinci, sehingga memungkinkan pembaca memahami kompleksitas dan trade-offs
yang melekat dalam LCA
4. Laporan harus juga memungkinkan hasil dan interpretasinya digunakan secara konsisten
sesuai dengan tujuan kajian
5. Asumsi dan keterbatasan yang berkaitan dengan interpretasi hasil, baik yang terkait dengan
metodologi dan data
6. Penilaian kualitas data
7. Transparasi penuh terkait dengan pilihan nilai, alasan dan penilaian para ahli
Sensitivity Check[1]

🡪 identifying the key processes and most important

elementary flows as those elements that contribute
most to the overall impacts from the product system.
1 “which activities contribute to which
environmental impact scores, by how much
and through which elementary flows ?”

2 which activities contribute most to

which impacts or flows?
Sensitivity Check[2]
The focus point for
improvement of data quality
should be
data with a strong influence on
the overall results and a high
uncertainty or questionable.

Contoh
The decision tree for handling the
sensitivity check

revise the goal of the study

If the precision is insufficient
Types of uncertainty and their contribution to
result and decision uncertainty
Interpretation and Use of
Uncertainty Information
Communication of
Uncertainty
1. Who is the target audience and how
familiar is this audience with LCA and its
aspect s of uncertainty?
2. What exactly should be communicated
in relation to uncertainty?
3. How should uncertainty results be
represented?

Numerically
(e.g. report ng ranges,
Qualitatively Descriptively probability
(e.g. reporting sources of distributions of results
uncertainty and their
(e.g. reporting central Graphically values or
potential influence tendencies like mean (e.g. visualising statistical results).
on results) and variability around uncertainty
the mean) informationin graphs )
Example: Graphical representation of uncertainty
Integration of uncertainty management into LCA practice
Tier 0: Minimum transparency with a clear definition of what is considered a
notable difference between scenarios for each impact category;
Tier 1: Screening level focusing on identification of important sources of
parameter uncertainty providing information on importance and sensitivity
of parameters , choice s, assumptions, etc.;
Tier 2: Qualitative and semi quantitative uncertainty assessment of important
source s o f uncertainty with systematic identification and description of
uncertainties for all parameters , choices and assumptions including
parameter and scenario uncertainty;
Tier 3: Quantitative uncertainty assessment of all source s of uncertainty with
systematic quantification of uncertainties and variability for all parameters,
choices and assumptions accounting for all quantifiable uncertainties;
Tier 4: Fully probabilistic LCA representing all relevant source s of influence by
fully characterized uncertainty and variability separately.
Critical Review
“ Process intended to ensure consistency between a life cycle assessment an d the
principles and requirements of the International Standards on life cycle assessment”

Purpose: useful in all cases where quality, robustness , and

trust in results are wanted

1. the goal and scope definition;

2. inventory analysis including data collection and
model ling;
3. impact assessment;
4. life cycle interpretation;
5. draft LCA report
 Requirement

According to ISO 14044 ( 2006a), “ the critical

review process shall ensure that :
1. the methods used to carry out the LCA are
consistent with the international standard; International Standards
2. the methods used to carry out the LCA are
scientifically and technically valid;
ISO 14040 ( 2006b ), ISO
3. the data used are appropriate and 14044 (2006a)
reasonable in relation to the goal of the
study;
4. the interpretation s reflect the limitations
identified and the goal of the study ; and
5. the study report is transparent and
consistent” .
Scientific Review VS Critical Review

This links to their

duration, depth, cost,
transparency, con
identify quality,
content, and
objectives.