Kategori: Lingkungan
Oleh:
SEKOLAH MENEGAH
PERTAMA FATIH BILINGUALSCHOOL
BANDA ACEH, ACEH
KATA PENGANTAR
Banda Aceh,November 23
Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR i
DAFTAR ISI ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR iii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1
1.1 Latar Belakang 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian 3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian 3
1.4.1 Bagi Peneliti 3
1.4.2 Bagi Petani 3
1.4.2 Bagi Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan 3
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA 5
2.1 Limbah Cangkang Kerang 5
2.2 Amelioran 8
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN 10
3.1 Tempat Dan Waktu Penelitian 10
3.2 Jadwal Pelaksanaan Penelitian 10
3.3 Alat Dan Bahan 10
3.4 Cara Kerja 11
3.4.1 Pembersihan Limbah Cangkang Tiram 11
3.4.2 Penghalusan Limbah Cangkang Tiram 11
3.4.3 Persiapan Amelioran 11
3.5 Metode Penelitian 12
DAFTAR PUSTAKA 15
DAFTAR GAMBAR
1.3.Tujuan Penelitian:
Berdasarkan latar belakang dan identifikasi serta pembatasan masalah, maka
rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan limbah
cangkang kerang sebagai amelioran di Rawa Gambut,Desa Neuheun Kecamatan
Baitussalam, Aceh Besar.
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian:
1.4.1 Bagi Peneliti
● Petani dapat memiliki pilihan lain untuk menyuburkan tanah di lahan mereka.
● Petani dapat mengolah limbah cangkang kerang sebagai amelioran untuk menyuburka
tanaman
1.4.3 Bagi Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan
● Dapat digunakan sebagai amelioran yang dapat membantu untuk menyuburkan tanah-
tanah yang kering maupun yang basah
● Dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari cara memanfaatkan sesuatu hal untuk menjadi lebih
berguna untuk lingkungan di sekitar
BAB II
TINJAUAN
PUSTAKA
Tiram merupakan sekelompok kerang kerangan dengan cangkang yang berkapur dan relatif pipih.
Tiram masuk ke dalam kelas bivalvia dan masih dalam family Ostreidae (Christo et al.,
2010).Kelompok hewan ini tidak bertulang belakang (invertebrata) dan bentuknya mudah untuk
dikenali.Kata Bivalvia berarti memiliki dua cangkang dengan engsel terletak di bagian dorsal.
Kata Pelecypoda memiliki arti kaki berbentuk kapak, sedangkan disebut Lamellibranchiata
dikarenakan insangnya berbentuk lembaran-lembaran.
Tiram kaya akan mineral penting yang dibutuhkan tubuh seperti seng, zat besi, kalsium, kalium.
Tak hanya itu, tiram juga rendah lemak dan kalori. Banyak yang meyakini bahwa tiram
bermanfaat bagi kesuburan, mencegah anemia, dan menambah kepadatan tulang.
Menurut Joedicke (1963) struktur tiram adalah plat yang melengkung ke satu arah atau lebih
yang tebalnya jauh lebih kecil daripada bentangnya.shell atau cangkang adalah bentuk struktur
tiga dimensional yang kaku dan tipis yang mempunyai' permukaan lengkung.
Terdapat banyak struktur pada cangkang tiram contohnya Struktur cangkang pada pelecypoda
terdiri atas tiga bagian, yaitu periostrakum, prismatik, dan nakreas. Periostrakum adalah lapisan
tipis dari zat tanduk yang dihasilkan oleh tepi mantel. Periostrakum merupakan lapisan terluar.
2.2 Amelioran
Amelioran adalah komponen untuk menyuburkan tanah kering maupun basah.Amelioran bisa
melalui 2 hal yaitu kimia dan fisika.Amelioran yang dimaksud adalah bahan-bahan alami yang
diformulasikan dengan sedemikian rupa dengan bantuan bioaktivator pada bahan organik sebelum
ditambahkan kapur dalam pembuatannya.
tidak usah takut untuk melakukan penggunaan Amelioran sebanyak banyaknya karena Amelioran
tidak terlalu sulit untuk didapatkan di lingkungan sekitar.Amelioran tidak hanya ada satu jenis
amelioran memiliki beberapa jenis seperti Pupuk kandang,Jerami
padi,dolomit(kapur),Biochar(biomassa Charcoal),Dan zeolit.
amelioran bisa membantu banyak petani di luar sana karena amelioran dapat menyuburkan tanah
dan cara mendapatkan amelioran tidak terlalu sulit karena bisa didapat dengan berbagai cara dan
kita juga bisa memanfaatkan amelioran sebagai limbah organik yang sudah tidak terpakai dan
karena banyak sekali limbah organik jadi juga mudah untuk mendapatkanya
BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN
Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di lab biologi Fatih Bilingual School. Penelitian ini akan
dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember sampai dengan Februari 2023.
Jenis kegiatan dan jadwal pelaksanaan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat dilihat pada tabel
Tabel 3.2. Jenis kegiatan dan jadwal pelaksanaan penelitian
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Category : Environment
Submitted to take part in
the 2023 Indonesia Science Project Olympiad
(ISPO)
by:
FOREWORD
Alhamdulillahirabbilalamin, praise and gratitude, the authors pray to the presence of Allah
SWT. only with His help all problems can be solved.With all His grace, guidance, and
inayah, the author can complete a scientific paper entitled "Utilization of Oyster Shell Waste
as Ameliorant in Peat Swamp Lands"This scientific paper was created and compiled in order
to participate in the activities of the Indonesian Science Project Olympiad (ISPO).
As for the preparation of this scientific paper, the author received a lot of help and
input from various parties. Therefore, the author expresses appreciation and thanks to:
INTRODUCTION i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ii
LIST OF FIGURES iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
Background 1
Problem Formulation 3
Research Objectives 3
Research Benefits 3
For Researchers 3
For Farmers 3
1.4.2 For Knowledge Development 3
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Shell Waste 5
2.2 Ameliorant 8
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 10
3.1 Place and Time of Research 10
3.2 Schedule of Research Implementation 10
3.3 Tools and Materials 10
3.4 How it Works 11
3.4.1Cleaning of Oyster Shell Waste
11
3.4.2 Refining of Oyster Shell Waste 11
3.4.3Ameliorant Preparation 11
3.5 Research Methods 12
BIBLIOGRAPHY 15
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 OYSTER SHELL WASTE………………………………….5
FIGURE 2 AMELIORAN………………………………………………6
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1.Background
Limited productive land causes agricultural extensification to lead to marginal lands. Peatland is
one of the marginal land types chosen, especially by large plantations, because it is relatively
sparsely populated so the possibility of land use conflicts is relatively small.Indonesia has the
largest peatlands among tropical countries, which is around 21 million ha, spread mainly in
Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua (BB Litbang SDLP, 2008). However, because the variability of
this land is very high, both in terms of peat thickness, maturity and fertility, not all peatlands are
suitable for agriculture.Of the 18.3 million ha of peatland on the main islands of Indonesia, only
about 6 million ha is suitable for agriculture, most of the peat swamp soil is infertile and cannot be
used as agricultural land
Neuhuen Aceh Village, located in Aceh Besar District, is one of the villages located on the
outskirts of the Aceh coast. When the 2004 Aceh Tsunami hit the village of Neuheun, it was a
village that was heavily impacted by damage, both damage to building materials, very high
casualties and also damage to agricultural and plantation lands. conversion of agricultural land and
plantationsinto peat swamp land caused by the 2004 Aceh tsunami disaster has caused farmers to
lose agricultural land and reduce agricultural production in the village, due to the fertility of peat
swamp land which is not very fertile like agricultural land in general.
One of the solutions in dealing with and increasing soil fertility is to restore infertile soil to
become fertile, namely by adding ameliorant or soil restorer. Amelioran has benefits such as
increasing soil fertility, amelioran can also reduce soil acidity, increase production and as an
absorbent for cations that are washed away due to water flow. The use of ameliorant should be
done more frequently because it has so many benefits for the environment around it
can also help farmers to fertilize the land that will be used for farming.
The ameliorant that is often used is lime, the use of lime also still creates problems for the
environment, problems for decomposing organisms and soil fertility will be resistant to additives
such as lime. Amelioran we offer as a soil restorer to increase soil fertility which is called
amelioran is oyster shells that have become waste. Oyster shell waste is shell waste that is not
used after taking oyster meat. the city of banda aceh has a fostered village for oyster cultivation,
so there is a lot of oyster shell waste piled up there, the amount of which is increasing every day,
therefore this research will using oyster shell waste that is no longer being utilized is reused as an
ameliorant to fertilize peat swamp soil which has a very low fertility rate, so that the swamp land
can be reused by farmers to grow crops as agricultural land.
1.2 Problem Formulation
Based on the background, the formulation in this problem is:
1. Knowing the effect of using shellfish waste as ameliorant in Peat Swamp, Neuheun
Village, Baitussalam District, Aceh Besar.
2. What are the results of research on clam shells as an ameliorant in Peat Swamp, Neuheun
Village, Baitussalam District, Aceh Besar.
1.3.Research Objectives
Based on the background and identification and limitation of the problem, the formulation of the
problem in this study was to determine the effect of using shellfish waste as an ameliorant in Peat
Swamp, Neuheun Village, Baitussalam District, Aceh Besar.
Oysters are a group of shellfish with a relatively flat, calcareous shell. Oysters belong to the class
of bivalves and are still in the family Ostreidae (Christo et al., 2010). This group of animals is
invertebrates and their shape is easy to recognize. The word Bivalve means having two shells with
a hinge located on the dorsal side. The word Pelecypoda means ax-shaped feet, while it is called
Lamellibranchiata because its gills are in the form of sheets
There is a difference between clams and oysters that not many people know about. Clams tend to
have a stronger taste and are saltier than oysters. Oysters, on the other hand, are often described as
having a sweeter, almost buttery taste. This is what makes it often eaten raw. This causes some
individuals to often distinguish clams and oysters by their taste.
Oysters are rich in essential minerals that the body needs such as zinc, iron, calcium, potassium.
Not only that, oysters are also low in fat and calories. Many believe that oysters are beneficial for
fertility, prevent anemia, and increase bone density. According to Joedicke (1963) the structure of
an oyster is a plate curved in one or more directions whose thickness is much smaller than its span.
The shell is a three-dimensional structure that is rigid and thin which has curved surfaces.
There are many structures in oyster shells, for example. The shell structure of pelecypods consists
of three parts, namely the periostracum, prismatic, and ncreas. Periostracum is a thin layer of
horny substance that is produced at the edge of the mantle. Periostracum is the outermost layer.
2.2 Ameliorants
Amelioran is a component to fertilize dry or wet soil. Amelioran can go through 2 things, namely
chemistry and physics. Amelioran in question are natural ingredients that are formulated in such a
way with the help of bio activators on organic matter before adding lime in its manufacture
do not be afraid to use Amelioran as much as possible because Amelioran is not too difficult to
obtain in the surrounding environment. Amelioran is not only one type of amelioran, it has several
types such as manure, rice straw, dolomite (lime), biochar (charcoal biomass), and zeolite .
Amelioran has a real influence on growth and nutrient uptake And Amelioran gets a large
percentage for plant success Soil fertility is one of the key factors that determines the level of land
productivity that supports success in managing peat swamps
Amelioran can help many farmers out there because amelioran can fertilize the soil and how to get
amelioran is not too difficult because it can be obtained in various ways and we can also use
amelioran as organic waste that is no longer used and because there is a lot of organic waste it is
also easy to dispose of. got it
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODS
This research will be carried out in the biology lab of Fatih Bilingual School. This research will be
carried out from December to February 2023.
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3.3 RESEARCH TOOLS AND MATERIALS
The tools used in this study were nursery or seeding containers, bottles, glasses, knives/cutters,
plastic buckets, glass beakers and storage containers. materials used: oyster shell waste, peat soil.
BIBLIOGRAPHY