3 Rating 20 15 10 8 5
Very rough Slightly rough Slightly rough Slickensided Soft gouge >5 mm thick or
surfaces Not surfaces surfaces surfaces or Gouge Separation > 5 mm
continuous No Separation < 1 Separation < < 5 mm thick or Continuous
Condition of discontinuities (See E) separation mm Slightly 1 mm Highly Separation 1-5 mm
4
Unweathered weathered weathered Continuous
wall rock walls walls
Rating 30 25 20 10 0
Inflow per 10 None < 10 10 - 25 25 - 125 > 125
m tunnel
length (l/m)
(Joint water
Ground water press)/ (Major
5 0 < 0.1 0.1, - 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 > 0.5
principal )
General Completely
Damp Wet Dripping Flowing
conditions dry
Rating 15 10 7 4 0
3 Rating 20 15 10 8 5
Very rough Slightly rough Slightly rough Slickensided Soft gouge >5 mm thick or
surfaces Not surfaces surfaces surfaces or Gouge Separation > 5 mm
continuous No Separation < 1 Separation < < 5 mm thick or Continuous
Condition of discontinuities (See E) separation mm Slightly 1 mm Highly Separation 1-5 mm
4
Unweathered weathered weathered Continuous
wall rock walls walls
Rating 30 25 20 10 0
Inflow per 10 None < 10 10 - 25 25 - 125 > 125
m tunnel
length (l/m)
(Joint water
Ground water press)/ (Major
5 0 < 0.1 0.1, - 0.2 0.2 - 0.5 > 0.5
principal )
General Completely
Damp Wet Dripping Flowing
conditions dry
Rating 15 10 7 4 0
STTNAS YOGYAKARTA Slide 8
2010 Mar
Oct
30,- 2017
2010
UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH
TABLE 1. Ratings of range of unconfined
compressive strength (MPa).
25 3
25-50 8
50-75 13
75-90 17
90-100 20
<6 5
6-20 8
20-60 13
60-200 15
> 200 20
Condition Rating
0
Flowing 4
Dripping 7
Wet 10
Damp 15
Completely dry
100 RMR
ht
100
xS P .ht
Dimana
Ht = tinggi beban batuan (m)
P = Beban keseluruhan
(ton/m3)
RMR = bobot nilai total
batuan= density (ton/m3)
S = lebar bukaan (m)
I = ht + 0.5
Dimana
I = panjang baut (m)
ht = tinggi beban (m)
b = 2/9 X S
Dimana
b = jarak baut (m)
S = lebar terowongan (m)
Dimana
dimana
lmax = panjang baut maximum (m)
Laubscher (1975)
Romano (1980)
Hall (1985)
Orr (1992)
3) Hall (1985)
SMR = 0.65 RMR + 25
4) Orr (1992)
SMR = 35 ln RMR - 71
Surface failure
1) Laubscher (1975)
Class No V IV III II I
SMR < 10 has not been recorded, would not be physically feasible
SMR < 20 fails very quickly
45 70 Fences, net
30 75 Bolting, anchoring
F4 = + 15
Natural Slope F4 = + 10
Presplitting F4 = + 8
Smooth Blasting F4 = 0
Normal Blasting F4 = - 8
Deficient Blasting F4 = 0
Mechanical Excavation
STTNAS YOGYAKARTA Slide 40
2010 Oct - 2010