GINJAL
FUNGSI GINJAL
FUNGSI GINJAL
MENGENDALIKAN
Kf = koefisien filtrasi
PGC = Tek hidrostatik glomerulus
PT = Tek hidrostatik kapsula tubulus
GC = Tek onkotik glomerulus
T = Tek onkotik tubulus
SEL MESANGIAL :
Diantara lamina basalis dan endotel kapiler
Dapat berkontraksi
Mempenbgaruhi koefisien filtrasi
Kontraksi : - endotelin, angiotensin II, vasopresin
norepinefrin, tromboxan, histamin, PGF2
Relaksasi: - ANP, dopamin, PGE2, cAMP
REGULASI
OSMOLALITAS ESKTRA SELULER
ADH
RASA HAUS
NATRIUM
Pressure natriuresis
Aldosterone
Angiotensin
Atrial Natri Uretic (ANP)
GFR
Resorbsi Na di Tubulus Koligentes
SISTEM TRANSPORTASI BAHAN
Difusi
Gradien konsentrasi/elektrik
Difusi fasilitatif
Dengan carrier/transporter
Osmosis
Pompa
Uniport, symport, antiport
Nefron
7 steps
COUNTER CURRENT MECHANISM
Untuk meningkatkan osmolalitas medula
Meningkatkan kepekatan urin
K+
GFR : 125 mL/menit = 180 L/hari
Fraksi filtrasi: 20 %
Endocrine
system
CVS 2011 41
Mechanism RAAS (Renin-angiotensin-
aldosteron system) or RAS:
The end of parasympathetic nerve
secretes:
- (Ach) acetylcholine : main neurotransmitter
- (VIP) vasoactive intestinal peptide
- (NO) nitric oxide
( VIP & NO are co-neurotransmitter / neurotransmitter non-classical / unconventional
neurotransmitter / neuromodulator )
CVS 2011 46
Fisiologi Natrium
Osmoreceptors ADH release Urinary water loss
stimulated thirst water gain
HOMEOSTASIS
DISTURBED
[Na] in ECF Additional water
Homeostasis dilutes ECF,
restored volume
HOMEOSTASIS
[Na] in ECF normal
Homeostasis
restored Water loss
Concentrates ECF
HOMEOSTASIS volume
DISTURBED
[Na] in ECF