Pressure
Pressure
FA0 (i i
P
v 0 (1 x) 0
P
x)
T
T
0
(1)
Ci i C A0 i
v
(1 x) P0
(2)
Page 1
(a)
dW
g kat. menit
(3)
Hukum Laju :
rA' k C 2A
(4)
C A0 (1 - x) P T0
(1 x) P0 T
(5)
rA'
C (1 - x) P T0
k A0
(1 x) P0 T
(6)
Catatan : Pada persamaan (6), untuk nilai pressure drop yang lebih
kecil dari hilang tekanan akibat adanya gesekan akan memperkecil
nilai laju reaksi.
Kombinasikan persamaan (6) dan persamaan (3) dan reaksi dianggap
berlangsung secara isotermal (T=T0) akan didapat :
FA0
dx
C (1 - x)
k A0
dW
(1 x)
P0
(7)
dW
FA0
(1 - x)
(1 x)
P0
Page 2
k C 2A0
dx
dW v 0 C A0
(1 - x)
(1 x)
dx k C A0 (1 - x)
dW
v 0 (1 x)
P0
P0
(8)
(9)
Page 3
1 - 150 (1 - )
1,75 G
3
Dp
(10)
P = tekanan (lbf/ft2)
porositas
1-
volume partikel
volume total unggun
Page 4
(11)
(12)
P0
P
T FT
T0 FT0
(13)
v0
P T0 FT0
0
v
P0 T FT
(14)
Kombinasikan persamaan (10) dan persamaan (14) :
dP
G (1 - )
dz
g c D p 3
150 (1 - )
P T FT
1,752 G 0
P T F
Dp
0 T0
(15)
P T FT
dP
- 0 0
dz
P T0 FT0
0
G (1 - )
g c D p 3
150 (1 - )
1,752 G
Dp
(16)
(17)
Page 5
W ( 1 - ) A c z x c
berat
padatan
katalis
volume
padatan
katalis
densitas
x padatan
katalis
(18)
(20)
W A c (1 - ) Z c
Page 6
dZ
W
A c (1 - ) c
dW
A c (1 - ) c
1
A c (1 - ) c
dZ
dW
dP
T P0
dW
2 T0 P/P0
2 0
A c c (1 - ) P0
FT
FT0
(21)
(22)
F
FT FT0 FA0 x FT0 1 A0 x FT0 1 y A0 x FT0 1 x
FT0
(23)
FT FT0 1 x
FT
1 x
FT0
y A0
(24)
FA0
FT0
(25)
Page 7
dP
T P0
(1 x)
dW
2 T0 P/P0
(26)
dW
2
P0
(1 x)
P/P0
dP
f 2 (x, P)
dW
(27)
dx
f1 (x, P)
dW
(9)
(28)
dP
Po dW
2 (P/P0 )
d(P/P0 )
dW
2 (P/P0 )
Page 8
2 (P/P0 )
d(P/P0 )
-
dW
P d (P/P0 )
-
P0
dW
(29)
d (P/P0 ) 2
-
dW
(30)
P
d P
0
P0
P0
- dW
(31)
1- W
(1 - W)1/2
P
0
(32)
2 0
A c c (1 - ) P0
(22)
W (1 - ) A c c Z
2 0
(1 - ) A c c z
A c c (1 - ) P0
(18)
(33)
2 0 z
1
P0
P0
1/2
(34)
Page 9
2 0 z
1
P0
P0
1/2
2 0 L
1
P0
P0
1/2
(34)
(35)
Menghitung 0
0
G (1 - ) 150 (1 - )
1,752 G
3
Dp
g c D p
(17)
Page 10
m
Ac
(36)
Ac = 0,01414 ft2
104,4 lb m / jam
0,01414 ft 2
7383,3
(37)
lb m
ft 2 jam
(38)
(39)
0 = 0,413 lbm/ft3
(40)
(41)
(42)
Page 11
0
8
2
3
3
(4,17x10
lb
.
ft
/
lb
.
ft
)
(
0
,
413
lb
/
ft
)
(
0
,
0208
ft
)
(0,45)
m
f
m
150 (1 - 045) (0,0673 lbm / ft. jam)
lb
1,752 (7383,3) 2 m
0,0208 ft
ft . jam
0,01244
lbf . jam
lb
(266,9 12920,8) 2 m
ft.lbm
ft . jam
164,1
lbf
ft 3
164,1
lbf
1 ft 2
1 atm
x
x
3
2
ft
144 in
14,7 lbf / in 2
0,0775
(43)
atm
kPa
25,8
ft
m
2 0 L
1
P0
P0
1/2
2 x 0,0775 atm/ft x 60 ft
1
10 atm
1/2
(44)
(45)
(46)
Page 12
(1 - W)1/2
P0
(32)
A
(a)
*) Neraca Mol :
dx
g mol
'
FA0
- rA
dW
g kat. menit
(3)
rA' k C2A
(4)
P
P0
(a.1)
Page 13
C A C A0 (1 - x) (1 - W)1/2
(a.2)
(1 - x) 2 [(1 - W)1/2 ]
dW
FA0
(a.3)
FA 0
C 2A0
k
(1 - x) 2 (1 - W)
FA0
dx
k C 2A0 (1 - x) 2
v 0 C A0
dx
k C 2A0
(1 - x) 2
(1 - W) dW
(a.4)
(1 - W) dW
(a.5)
(a.6)
v0
x
(1 - W) W
k C A0 (1 - x)
2
(a.7)
k C A0 W
(1 - W )
v0
2
x
k C A0 W
1
(1 - W )
v0
2
2 v0 x
1- 1-
k C A0 1 - x
(a.8)
1/ 2
(a.9)
Page 14
O2
C2H4O
(c)
Page 15
rA'
0.4795 PH PE
1 18.5618 PE 0.0757 PA
(60)
lbmol
lb kat.jam
lbmol
k 0,0141
pada temperatur 260 o C
atm. lb kat.jam
1/3 2/3
k PA
PB
(c.1)
(c.2)
Penyelesaian :
Neraca mol dalam bentuk deffrensial :
dx
'
FA0
- rA
dW
(c.3)
Hukum Laju
(c.4)
CA
CB
P0
P
(c.4)
FA0 (1 - x)
FA
(1 - x) P
C A0
v v (1 x) P0
(1 x) P0
0
P
(c.5)
FB FA0 (B - 1/2 x)
( - 1/2 x) P
C A0 B
v v (1 x) P0
(1 x) P0
0
P
(c.6)
(c.1)
(c.7)
Page 16
Ci
n
P
Pi Ci RT
V RT
(c.8)
kRT C A0
(1 - x) P
(1 x) P0
1/3
C A0
1/3
(c.9)
(c.10)
(B - 1/2 x) P
(1 x) P0
(-rA' )
P (1 - x)
k C A0RT0
P0 (1 x)
(-rA' )
k C A0 RT P
(B - 1/2 x)
(1 x)
2/3
(c.11)
2/3
(c.12)
(c.13)
'
(-rA
) k'
P0
1 - x 1/3 1 - x 2/3
(1 x)
P0
1 - x P
(1 x) P0
(c.14)
(c.15)
(c.16)
(c.17)
(1 - W)1/2
P
0
'
(-rA
) k'
1 - x
1 - W 1/2
(1 x)
dx
'
FA0
- rA
dW
(c.18)
(c.19)
(3)
Page 17
1 - x
dx
FA0
k'
1 - W 1/2
dW
(1 x)
x
FA 0 1 - x
k
0
'
(1 x)
(c.20)
dx
1 - W
1/2
dW
(c.21)
FA0
1
2 '
(1 x) ln
- x
1- x
3
k '
1 - 1 - W
(c.22)
(c.23)
3/2
2/3
Laju alir molar yang lewat pada setiap pipa (yaitu laju alir molar
total umpan masuk dibagi 1000 pipa) :
FA0 = 3 x 10-4 lbmol/s = 1,08 lbmol/jam(c.24)
Etilen :
Inert = N2 = I :
(c.27)
(c.28)
(c.29)
(c.30)
k ' 0,0266
lb mol
) x (3 atm)
atm. lb kat. jam
lb mol
lb kat. jam
(c.31)
2/3
(c.32)
Page 18
2/3
2/3
(c.33)
2 0
A c c (1 - ) P0
(22)
lb mol
lb mol
lb
1,08
x 28
30,24 lb/jam
jam
jam
lb mol
m B0 0,54
lb mol
lb mol
lb
0,54
x 32
17,28 lb/jam
jam
jam
lb mol
m A 0 2,03
lb mol
lb mol
lb
2,03
x 28
56,84 lb/jam
jam
jam
lb mol
(c.34)
Laju alir massa total :
m T 0 m A0 m B0 m I0 30,24 17,28 56,84 104,4 lb/jam
G
(c.35)
m T0
104,4 lb/jam
lb
7383,3 2
2
Ac
0,01414 ft
ft . jam
(38)
Menghitung 0
0
G (1 - )
g c D p 3
150 (1 - )
1,752 G
Dp
(17)
Page 19
0 = 0,413 lbm/ft3
(40)
Dari soal diketahui : Dp = in = 0,0208 ft
(41)
(42)
0
8
2
3
3
(4,17x10
lb
.
ft
/
lb
.
ft
)
(
0
,
413
lb
/
ft
)
(
0
,
0208
ft
)
(0,45)
m
f
m
150 (1 - 045) (0,0673 lb m / ft. jam)
lb
1,752 (7383,3) 2 m
0,0208 ft
ft . jam
0,01244
lbf . jam
lb
(266,9 12920,8) 2 m
ft.lb m
ft . jam
164,1
lbf
ft 3
164,1
lbf
1 ft 2
1 atm
x
x
3
2
ft
144 in
14,7 lbf / in 2
0,0775
(43)
atm
kPa
25,8
ft
m
Menghitung
2 0
(2) (0,0775) atm/ft
(c.36)
(c.37)
2/3
(c.38)
Page 20
0,0166
lb mol
1,303
1,08
lb kat
jam
1- 1lb mol
(0,0266)
lb kat. jam
W
0,0166
lb kat
45,4 lb katalis per pipa
2/3
(c.39)
(1 - W)1/2
P
0
P
0,0166
1 x 45,4 lb kat
lb kat
P0
(32)
1/2
(c.40)
P 0,5 P0 0,5 (10 atm) 5 atm
P P0 - P 10 - 5 5 atm
(c.41)
(c.42)
1 - x P
(1 x) P0
(c.16)
Page 21
'
(-rA
) k'
1 - x
(c.43)
(1 x)
dx
'
FA0
- rA
dW
(c.3)
1 - x
dx
FA0
k'
dW
(1 x)
(c.44)
FA 0 1 - x
k ' (1 x)
dx
(c.45)
dW
FA0
1
(1
)
ln
- x
'
1- x
(c.46)
1,08
1
(1 - 0,15) ln
- (-0,15) (0,6)
0,0266
1 - 0,6
(c.47)
(c.48)
(c.49)
(1
x)
ln
1- x
3
k '
1,08
0,0266
1,08
0,0266
1 - 1 - W
1
2
3/ 2
'
'
(c.22)
1 - 1 - 0,0166 (35300)
1 - 1 - 0,0166 (35300)
3/2
3/2
x 0,53
x 53%
(c.50)
Page 22
Laju Reaksi
'
(-rA
) k'
1 - x P
(1 x) P0
P0
Page 23
dP
P0
(1 x)
dW
2 P/P0
y
P
P0
2 0
A c c (1 - ) P0
y
dW
FA0 (1 x)
(c.51)
dy
(1 x)
dW
2y
(c.52)
Page 24
Page 25