Abstrak
Abstract
Introduction: Uncorreted refractive errors are the leading cause of eye problems
in worldwide especially children of school age. This study aimed to determine the
incidence of refractive errors using pinhole test associated with visual acuity
impairment in students of Muhammadiyah 19 elementary school in Medan Denai,
Medan City Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with total sampling
tehnique. Respondent were 115 student at 1st until 6th grade. The visual acuity
was assessed using Snellen chart and visual acuity decrease on respondent were
examined with pinhole test to determine refractive errors or not. Result: Obtained
visual acuity at most is Normal vision as many as 82 people (71,3%) in the right
eye and 76 people (66,1%) in the left eye, then the refractive errors obtained from
the result of the pinhole test to visual acuity decrease by 13 people (39,3%) in the
right eye and 14 people (35,8%) in the left eye, whereas by sex, female is the most
as many as 9 people (56,2%) in the right eye and 8 people (40%) in the left eye
and then the male is 4 people (22,2%) in the right eye and 6 people (33,3%) in the
left eye. Conclusion: The result of this study show the incidence of refractive
errors which occur by 39,3% in the right eye and 35,8% in the left eye with female
sex obtain the highest incidence by 56,2% in the right eye and 40% in the left eye.
Keyword : Elementary school age children, Incidence, Pinhole test, Refractive
error, Visual acuity.