MODEL DASAR
TEKNIK OPTIMASI PENGENDALIANPERSEDIAAN
DALAM LOGISTIK
(INVENTORY CONTROL)
M. Nurman Helmi
Raw Materials
Purchased Parts
And
Materials
Works in Process
Finished Goods
Inventory Level
Supply Rate (level persediaan)
(tingkat pasokan)
Inventory Level
Demand Rate
(tingkat permintaan)
Manajemen Material Pengendalian Persediaan 7
Proses Aliran Material
Proses Produksi
Pekerjaan
Dalam
Proses
Pelanggan
Pekerjaan Pekerjaan
Dalam Produk
Dalam
Proses Proses Akhir
Pekerjaan
Dalam
Proses
• Availability (Ketersediaan)
• Management effectiveness (Manajemen Yang Efektif)
- percentage order shipped on schedule
(% pesanan yang dikirim sesuai jadwal)
- percentage line items shipped on schedule
(% macam items yang dikirim sesuai jadwal)
- days of out of stocks
(jumlah hari kekurangan persediaan)
GAMBAR
HUBUNGAN MARKETING DAN LOGISTIK (TINGKAT PELAYANAN)
15
PENENTUAN
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY,
RE ORDER POINT &
SAFETY STOCK
Order
Interval
Lot size = Q
Average Inventory
Level = Q/2
Time
Order Cost
EOQ Q*
Qic / 2 = AS / Q
Hitung Q =
Q2 = 2AS / ic
Q = √2AS / ic
105%
100% 2.5
2.4
2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
1.8 1.9
Service Level (%)
95% 1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
90% 1.3
1.2
1.1
85%
1.0 z values
80%
75%
Q 100
150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
100
Average Inventory Level
= AS + Q*c i + (SS). c i
Q* 2
= 1.000 x 20 + (200 x 5 x 0,20) + (6,26 x 5 x 0,20)
200 2
= 100 + 100 +6,26 = $ 206,26
R = Reorder Point
Q = Order Quantity
L = Lead time
Manajemen Material Pengendalian Persediaan 33
Probability Distribution of Demand over
Lead Time
2S
P
iC D
T m' s '
Where:
m’ = average demand over P+L
s’ = safety stock
% Pemakaian Urutan
Pemakaian Harga Pemakaian Dalam Terbesar- Komulatif Urutan Klasifikasi
Item
Item Units Per Unit Dlm Dollar dollar) Terkecil
1 5,000 $ 1.50 $ 7,500 2.9% 41.2% 41.2% 3 A
2 1,500 8.00 12,000 4.7% 32.0% 73.2% 6 A
3 10,000 10.50 105,000 41.2% 6.9% 80.1% 9 B
4 6,000 2.00 12,000 4.7% 4.7% 84.8% 2 B
5 7,500 0.50 3,750 1.5% 4.7% 89.5% 4 B
6 6,000 13.60 81,600 32.0% 2.9% 92.4% 1 C
7 5,000 0.75 3,750 1.5% 2.4% 94.8% 10 C
8 4,500 1.25 5,625 2.2% 2.2% 97.0% 8 C
9 7,000 2.50 17,500 6.9% 1.5% 98.5% 5 C
10 3,000 2.00 6,000 2.4% 1.5% 100% 7 C
Total $ 254,725 100.0%
45.0% 120.0%
40.0% A B C 100.0%
Cumulative % Usage
35.0%
Percent Usage
30.0% 80.0%
25.0%
60.0%
20.0%
15.0% 40.0%
10.0%
20.0%
5.0%
0.0% 0.0%
3 6 9 2 4 1 10 8 5 7
Item No.