Wiyanda Hidayati
trombin
Fibrin polimer
Ca
XIII XIII a Plasmin
Ca
FDP ,
cross linked fibrin D-dimer
If there is a clot
there are some fibrin degradation products
Thrombine generation
Fibrinogen Fibrin
Plasmin
Fibrinolysis
Fibrin degradation
products
including D Dimer
D-Dimers are the Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
tPA
PLASMINOGEN
PLASMIN
D. Dimer
VTE : DVT dan PE
* 70 % kasus DVT asimtomatik menjadi
PE dan 1 – 8 % meninggal o.k. komplikasi
yang timbul
* 50 % kasus PE asimtomatik timbul dari
simtomatik DVT
Thoracic pain
...
Pulmonary
Myocardial
embolism ?
Infarction ?
Clinical assessment of DVT
Clínical symptoms are non specific
Leg pain
Edema
Erythema
Warmth in the
affected area
1. Pemeriksaan klinis/fisik
2. Tes Radiological Imaging Non Invasif seperti V/Q
scan ( Ventilation/Perfusion Lung scan ), CA
( Helical/ Spiral Computed Tomography) atau CUS
(Compression Ultra Sonography)
3. Tes Radiological Imaging yang invasif seperti
Pulmonary Angiography/Venography
4. D - dimer
No Clot
exclusion of
Pulmonary embolism
LOW or
INTERMEDIATE
HIGH
No PE PE No PE PE
no Rx Rx no Rx Rx
Further analysis
Rx = treatment
No Rx = no treatment
Diagnosis of Suspected PE, sequential non-invasive algorithym
Clinical Probability of PE
Further analysis
Rx = treatment
No Rx = no treatment
Bila D-dimer Negatif