PV = nRT
P = tekanan = 1 atm
n = mol = 1 mol gas
T = suhu dalam Kelvin = 273 K
R = tetapan gas = 0,082 liter atm/mol K
Maka:
PV = nRT
V =1 x 0,082 x 273
V = 22,389
V = 22,4 liter
Jadi, volume standar = VSTP = 22,4 Liter/mol.
Dapat dirumuskan: V = n x Vm
n = jumlah mol
Vm = VSTP = volume molar
massa zat terlarut = jumlah mol zat terlarut × massa molar zat terlarut
massa zat terlarut = nT × mT
Maka
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡
=
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 (𝑉 𝑥 𝜌) − (𝑛𝑇 𝑥 𝑚 𝑇 )
=
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡
(𝑉 𝑥 𝜌) − (𝑛𝑇 𝑥 𝑚 𝑇 )
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑥
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡
Sehingga,
𝜌 = densitas zat;
𝑚𝑇 = massa molar zat terlarut
𝑛𝑇 = jumlah mol zat terlarut
V = volume larutan