Puji syukur kami panjatkan atas kehadirat Allah SWT, dimana atas berkah, rahmat dan
karuniaNya kami semua mampu menyusun makalah ini dalam rangka untuk memenuhi tugas
mata kuliah Keperawatan Gawat Darurat.
Penyusun menyadari makalah ini masih belum sempurna, baik dari isi maupun
sistematika penulisannya, maka dari itu penyusun berterima kasih apabila ada kritik dan saran
yang membangun demi kesempurnaan makalah ini.
Akhir kata, semoga makalah ini dapat dapat bermanfaat bagi rekan-rekan Akper
Muhammadiyah Kendal, Amiin..
Penyusun
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................
KATA PENGANTAR...................................................................................... i
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................... ii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN................................................................................. 1
A. Latar Belakang.................................................................................. 1
B. Rumusan Masalah............................................................................. 2
C. Tujuan Penulisan............................................................................... 3
A. Pengertian.......................................................................................... 4
B. Etiologi.............................................................................................. 5
C. Tanda dan Gejala............................................................................... 6
D. Patofisiologi...................................................................................... 12
E. Pathways............................................................................................ 13
F. Manifestasi Klinis............................................................................. 13
G. Komplikasi........................................................................................ 14
H. Pemeriksaan Penunjang..................................................................... 15
I. Penatalaksanaan................................................................................ 16
J. Diagnosa Keperawatan...................................................................... 21
K. Intervensi........................................................................................... 21
A. Pengkajian......................................................................................... 24
B. Diagnosa Keperawatan...................................................................... 36
C. Intervensi........................................................................................... 37
D. Implementasi..................................................................................... 39
E. Evaluasi............................................................................................. 42
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BAB IV PENUTUP.......................................................................................... 44
A. Kesimpulan.................................................................................. 44
B. Saran............................................................................................ 44
DAFTAR PUSTAKA....................................................................................... 45
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