World Health Organization. Worlt TB Day 2021 Making TB everyone’s business – Indonesia’s path towards eliminating TB.
https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/campaign/tb-day-2021
Patogenesis Tuberkulosis
2
Gejala dan Tanda
Menteri kesehatan Republik Indonesia. PMK RI No. 67 tahun 2016 tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. Indonesia, Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2016
Sistem Skor TB Anak
a 0 1 2 3
Kontak TB Tidak jelas - Laporan keluarga, BTA (-)/BTA tidak BTA (+)
jelas/tidak tahu`
Radiologi
❑ X ray
-Pemeriksaan dahak S-
Pemeriksaan konfirmasi
TB aktif
Pemeriksaan Screening
Proses Epidemiologi
pengolahan pasien
sputum
Pemeriksaan TB
Infographic Style
Rekomendasi WHO terkait radiografi dada
Gambar 5: Rontgen thorax menunjukkan opasitas Gambar 6: Rontgen thorax menunjukkan garis
homogen di paru-paru kiri bawah menunjukkkan efusi Kerley B karena edema interstitial dari TB paru
pleura pada TB paru primer. primer.
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Fokus Ghon
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Gambaran
Radiografi
Toraks
Lesi lanjut
TB sekunder/post infeksi
primer/reaktivasi
• Merupakan penyakit TB pada pasien dewasa yang telah
TB Sekunder/
terexpose basil M.Tb sebelumnya dan menjadi aktif saat
Reaktivasi/Post status imun pasien menurun
Infeksi
Gambar 13: Rontgen thorax menunjukkan densitas Gambar 15: Rontgen thorax menunjukkan bekas luka
retikulonodular kasar pada paru kanan bawah fibrokalsifikasi sebagai opasitas air space atau hazines
pada TB paru pasca-primer di antara atau di sekitar kepadatan ini.
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
TB sekunder/post infeksi
primer/reaktivasi
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder
❑ Scar fibrokalsifikasi
❑ Scar fibronoduler dengan
kolaps lobus
❑ Bronchiectasis
❑ Penebalan pleura
❑ Kalsifikasi pleura
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder-
Fibrosis
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder-
Loss of Volume- Ateletacsis
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder-
Loss of Volume – Kolaps
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder-
Loss of Volume – Bronkiektasis
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Sequel akhir TB sekunder-
Loss of Volume – Penebalan Pleura
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Perbedaan Gambaran Radiologi TB Aktif vs TB Lama
TB AKTIF
TB LAMA
Perbedaan Gambaran Radiologi TB Aktif vs TB Lama
TB Paru Aktif TB Paru inaktif TB Paru indeterminate
Pneumonia lobaris Kolaps lobus pulmo/ ateletaksis Penebalan pleura
Bronkopneumonia Traksi bronkhiektasis Tenting diafragma
Limfadenopati hilar Kalsifikasi hilus Penumpulan sudut costophrenicus
Kompleks Ghon Fokus Ghon Nodul kalsifikasi soliter
Efusi Pleura Masif Efusi pleura minimal
Opasitas milier Penebalan pleura
Kerley B line Klasifikasi pleura
Kavitas Scar fibrosis dengan loss of volume
Fibroproliferatif Tuberkuloma
Kepadatan retikulonoduler kasar Lesi Fibrokalsifikasi
Gambaran tree in bud Bekas luka fibrocystic/
fibronodular< 1 cm
Endobronchial Granuloma
Bekas luka fibrocystic
Fibronoduler > 1 cm
Ubaidi BAA. The Radiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in primary care. Journal of family medicine and disease prevention. 2018, 4: 073
Infeksi TB latent
Radiografi toraks:
• Sebanyak 10-40% dapat normal
• Gambaran mirip dengan TB primer (konsolidasi dan limfadenopati),
dapat juga mirip TB post-primer
• TB milier
• TB atipikal
Nachiappan ACN, et al. Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Role of Radiology in Diagnosis and Management. RSNA. 2017; 31 (1): 52-70
Hubungan Diabetes Melitus dengan TB
Nachiappan ACN, et al. Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Role of Radiology in Diagnosis and Management. RSNA. 2017; 31 (1): 52-70
TB pada HIV
Gambar 24. Radiografi dada sugestif lesi fibrokavitas Gambar 25. TB miliar
(A). TB post-primer: kavitas, lokasi lobus superior Nodul miliar (1-3 mm) dengan ukuran dan bentuk seragam,
(B). Lokasi segmen superior lobus inferior tersebar merata
Krishna S, Jaacob JJ. Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis. Endotext: Comprehensive Free Online Endocrinology Book. South
Darthmouth, MDTExt.com, 2000.
Gambaran
Radiografi
Toraks
Lesi yang tidak khas
TB Atipikal
• Bukan suatu istilah yang kaku; tidak hanya terkait gambaran radiologis,
namun juga gejala klinis, hasil laboratorium, dan lain-lain
Gambaran Radiologis:
• Clustered micronodules
• Reversed halo sign
• Pneumatocele
• Diffuse ground-glass-opacity (manfifestasi hematogen)
• Nodul non-milier tersebar merata (manifestasi hematogen)
• TB pada emfisema/ honeycombing pada pneumonia intersisial
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4): 1651-1667
TB Atipikal
TB Atipikal (non-cavitary,
non-upper predominant
lung distribution)
berasosiasi dengan level
CRP rendah dan
performance status
rendah
CRP = C reactive protein
Performance status (PS): Eastern
Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
Goto A, et al. Factors associated with atypical radiological findings of pulmonary tuberculosis. PloS One. 2019; 14(7): e0220346.
Clustered micronodules
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Clustered micronodules
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Reversed halo sign
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Pneumatocele
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Diffuse GGO
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Nodul non-milier tersebar difus
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
TB pada emfisema/ honeycombing
pada pneumonia interstitial
Zeng Y, et al. Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary Tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021; 11(4):
1651-1667
Kesimpulan