SKRIPSI
Disusun Oleh :
LAILI AGUSTIN
090248910072
Disetujui Oleh :
Pembimbing I Pembimbing II
Mengetahui :
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
SKRIPSI
Disusun Oleh :
LAILI AGUSTIN
090248910072
Disetujui Oleh :
Penguji I Penguji II
Penguji III
Mengetahui/Menyetujui :
ii
ABSTRAK
iii
ABSTRACT
The need to share information and resources quickly leads to the growth of
computer network. To cope with this, there are two ways that can be done, which
are: network engineering and traffic engineering. The growth of network traffic is
very difficult to predict its speed; network admins will not be able to upgrade their
network fast enough because it takes time to install the network equipment. The
fastest way is by using traffic engineering.
One way to manipulate the traffic is using MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching).
MPLS uses labels to forward packets through the network. The label is attached
to IP packets, allowing routers to forward traffic by looking at the label and not
the destination IP address. However, MPLS still needs support from link state
routing protocols, such as OSPF based on IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) on
the network.
The problem described in this research is how to design and implement MPLS on
the Indosat backbone network using GNS3 simulation then conducted the test and
analyzes the QoS (Quality of Service). Test results and analysis show that MPLS
based OSPF technology can be implemented on the Indosat network and makes
improvement for QoS performanceby applying traffic engineering.
iv
PRAKATA
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT, sebab kasih sayang dan
rahmat-Nya sehingga skripsi yang berjudul “ANALISIS PADA JARINGAN
MPLS BERBASIS ROUTING OSPF (STUDI KASUS JARINGAN
BACKBONE INDOSAT AREA JAWA TIMUR)” dapat terselesaikan.
Terselesaikannya skripsi ini tidak lepas dari bantuan berbagai pihak yang telah
mendorong dan membimbing penulis, baik tenaga, ide-ide, maupun pemikiran.
Oleh karena itu dalam kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan terimakasih
yang sebesar-besarnya kepada:
1. Almarhumah Ibu, Ayah dan Saudara tercinta, Irma, Tian, Ely, Nisa yang
selalu memberikan dukungan baik materi maupun moril.
2. Ir. Riman, MT selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Widyagama
Malang.
3. Faqih, ST.MT selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Widyagama
Malang
4. Faqih, ST.MT sebagai dosen pembimbing I yang telah memberikan banyak
bantuan masukan ide dan saran serta bimbingan dalam Tugas Akhir ini.
5. Ir. Fachrudin, MT sebagai dosen pembimbing II yang telah memberikan
bantuan masukan ide dan saran serta bimbingan dalam Tugas Akhir ini.
6. Ir. Sabar Setiawidayat, MT sebagai dosen penguji yang telah memberikan
bantuan masukan, ide dan saran serta bimbingan dalam Tugas Akhir ini.
7. Sahabat-sahabat yang tersayang terutama Tania yang sudah memberi inspirasi
dan membagi ilmu dan semua pihak yang turut membantu memberikan
bantuan sehingga penulisan skripsi ini berjalan dengan lancar.
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Semoga segala bantuan yang tidak ternilai harganya ini mendapat imbalan di
sisi Allah SWT sebagai amal ibadah, Amin.
Penulis tetap mengharapkan saran dan kritik demi kesempurnaan dari
penyusunan skripsi ini. Semoga skripsi ini bermanfaat bagi pembaca dari berbagai
pihak yang membutuhkannya.
Laili Agustin
vi
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN..................................................................................I
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN.................................................................................III
ABSTRAK.........................................................................................................IIIII
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................IV
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................V
DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................VII
DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................IX
DAFTAR TABEL..................................................................................................X
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP............................................................................XI
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI............................................XII
BAB I.......................................................................................................................1
1.1 LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH....................................................................1
1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH..................................................................................2
1.3 BATASAN MASALAH...................................................................................3
1.4 TUJUAN.......................................................................................................3
1.5 KONTRIBUSI................................................................................................3
1.6 SISTEMATIKA PEMBAHASAN.......................................................................3
BAB II.....................................................................................................................5
2.1 TEORI DASAR JARINGAN KOMPUTER.........................................................5
2.1.1 Model Referensi OSI............................................................................5
2.1.2 Model DoD atau Model TCP/IP........................................................10
2.2 TOPOPOGI JARINGAN.................................................................................11
2.2.1 Topologi Berdasarkan Bentuk Fisik..................................................12
2.2.2 Topologi Berdasarkan Ruang Lingkup atau Jangkauan...................13
2.3 PERANGKAT JARINGAN SWITCH DAN ROUTER.........................................14
2.4 PENGALAMATAN IP...................................................................................16
2.4.1 Class A...............................................................................................16
2.4.2 Class B...............................................................................................16
2.4.3 Class C...............................................................................................17
2.4.4 Class D...............................................................................................17
2.4.5 Class E...............................................................................................17
2.4.6 Alamat IP Khusus...............................................................................18
2.5 ROUTING...................................................................................................18
2.5.1 Administrative Distance.....................................................................19
2.5.2 Routing Protokol................................................................................20
2.6 OSPF (OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST).......................................................21
2.6.1 Konfigurasi OSPF..............................................................................23
2.6.2 Interface Loopback OSPF..................................................................24
2.7 MPLS (MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING).........................................24
2.7.1 Sejarah MPLS....................................................................................25
2.7.2 Label MPLS........................................................................................26
2.7.3 MPLS dalam Model Referensi OSI....................................................27
2.7.4 Label Switch Router (LSR).................................................................27
2.7.5 Label Switched Path (LSP)................................................................28
2.7.6 Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC)..............................................29
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2.7.7 Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)....................................................29
2.7.8 Label Forwarding Instance Base.......................................................30
2.7.9 Operasi Label.....................................................................................30
2.8 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING DENGAN MPLS....................................................31
2.8.1 Konfigurasi MPLS TE........................................................................32
2.8.2 Verifikasi Konfigurasi MPLS TE.......................................................35
2.9 QUALITY OF SERVEICE (QOS)....................................................................36
2.9.1 Arsitektur QoS....................................................................................36
2.9.2 Parameter QoS...................................................................................37
2.10 SOFTWARE APLIKASI................................................................................39
2.10.1 GNS3..................................................................................................39
2.10.2 IPerf dan JPerf...................................................................................39
BAB III..................................................................................................................42
3.1 PERANCANGAN JARINGAN...............................................................42
3.2 MODEL JARINGAN 43
3.3 TOPOLOGI JARINGAN.................................................................................47
3.4 DESAIN JARINGAN MPLS TE...................................................................48
3.4.1 Kapan Harus Membangun LSP.........................................................49
3.4.2 Di mana Harus Menempatkan LSP...................................................50
3.4.3 Kapan Harus Menghapus LSP...........................................................51
3.5 SIMULASI DENGAN GNS3.........................................................................52
3.5.1 GNS3..................................................................................................52
3.5.2 Simulasi Jaringan..............................................................................52
3.5.3 Perancangan Untuk Pengukuran QoS Pada Simulasi JPERF..........60
BAB IV..................................................................................................................62
4.1 IMPLEMENTASI MPLS...............................................................................62
4.1.1 Konfigurasi Ingress LSR....................................................................62
4.1.2 Konfigurasi Intermediate LSR...........................................................66
4.1.3 Konfigurasi Egress LSR.....................................................................68
4.1.4 Konfigurasi Edge Node......................................................................69
4.2 PENGUJIAN................................................................................................70
4.2.1 Pengujian Jitter dan Packet loss Dengan Aplikasi JPerf..................71
4.2.2 Pengujian Delay/Latency Pada Command Prompt...........................72
4.3 ANALISIS DATA HASIL PENGUJIAN...........................................................73
4.3.1 Analisis Jitter.....................................................................................73
4.3.2 Analisis Packet loss............................................................................75
4.3.3 Analisis Delay/ Latency.....................................................................77
BAB V....................................................................................................................79
5.1 KESIMPULAN.............................................................................................79
5.2 SARAN.......................................................................................................79
DAFTAR RUJUKAN..........................................................................................80
LAMPIRAN...........................................................................................................81
DAFTAR GAMBAR
viii
GAMBAR 2.1 MODEL REFERENSI OSI [3]................................................................6
GAMBAR 2.2 PERBANDINGAN MODEL OSI DAN MODEL DOD [3].......................11
GAMBAR 2.3 ILUSTRASI TOPOLOGI BUS [11]........................................................12
GAMBAR 2.4 ILUSTRASI TOPOLOGI STAR [11].......................................................12
GAMBAR 2.5 ILUSTRASI TOPOLODI RING [11].......................................................13
GAMBAR 2.6 ILUSTRASI TOPOLOGI MESH [11]......................................................13
GAMBAR 2.7 PRINSIP KERJA SWITCH....................................................................15
GAMBAR 2.8 PENGALAMATAN IP CLASS A [3].....................................................16
GAMBAR 2.9 PENGALAMATAN IP CLASS B [3]......................................................17
GAMBAR 2.10 PENGALAMATAN IP CLASS C [3]....................................................17
GAMBAR 2.11 PENGALAMATAN IP CLASS D [3]...................................................17
GAMBAR 2.12 PENGALAMATAN IP CLASS E [3]....................................................18
GAMBAR 2.13 LABEL MPLS [1]............................................................................27
GAMBAR 2.14 JENIS-JENIS LABEL SWITCH ROUTER(LSR) [7]..............................28
GAMBAR 2.15 LABEL SWITCHED PATH (LSP) [7]...................................................28
GAMBAR 2.16 LABEL DISTRIBUTION PROTOCOL (LDP) [1]....................................29
GAMBAR 2.17 OPERASI LABEL [1].........................................................................30
GAMBAR 2.18 PERBEDAAN CEF DAN LFIB [2].....................................................33
GAMBAR 2.19 TAMPILAN APLIKASI IPERF.............................................................40
GAMBAR 2.20 TAMPILAN APLIKASI JPERF [JPERF 2.0.2].......................................41
GAMBAR 3.1 BAGAN ALIR (FLOWCHART) PROSES PERANCANGAN JARINGAN.......42
GAMBAR 3.2 GAMBAR TOPOLOGI JARINGAN BACKBONE INDOSAT......................48
GAMBAR 3.3 LINK TERPENDEK HASIL PENGOLAHAN OSPF..................................49
GAMBAR 3.4 LSP YANG DIRENCANAKAN..............................................................50
GAMBAR 3.5 CARA MEMASUKKAN IOS IMAGE.....................................................53
GAMBAR 3.6 PESAN KESALAHAN IOS IMAGE........................................................54
GAMBAR 3.7 CARA MENGGANTI HOSTNAME.........................................................54
GAMBAR 3.8 CARA MENAMBAHKAN MODUL PADA ROUTER.................................55
GAMBAR 3.9 MEMILIH MODUL YANG DIPERLUKAN PADA ROUTER.......................55
GAMBAR 3.10 MEMBUAT KONEKSI ANTAR ROUTER..............................................56
GAMBAR 3.11 MEMBENTUK TOPOLOGI JARINGAN.................................................57
GAMBAR 3.12 ROUTER SETELAH DIHIDUPKAN......................................................57
GAMBAR 3.13 MENYETTING IDLE PC....................................................................58
GAMBAR 3.14 MENG-CONSOLE ROUTER................................................................59
GAMBAR 3.15 TAMPILAN AWAL PUTTY...............................................................60
GAMBAR 3.16 KONFIGURASI HOST_MAD............................................................60
GAMBAR 3.17 KONFIGURASI HOST_MLG............................................................60
GAMBAR 4.1 DIAGRAM ALIR KONFIGURASI INGRESS LSR....................................62
GAMBAR 4.2 JPERF MODE SERVER........................................................................71
GAMBAR 4.3 JPERF MODE CLIENT.........................................................................72
GAMBAR 4.4 PING TES DARI HOST MALANG KE HOST MADIUN..........................73
GAMBAR 4.5 GRAFIK HASIL PENGUKURAN JITTER...............................................74
GAMBAR 4.6 GRAFIK HASIL PENGUKURAN PACKET LOSS....................................76
Gambar 4.7 Grafik Hasil Pengukuran Jitter...........................................................78
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DAFTAR TABEL
TABEL 2.1 AD DARI MASING-MASING ROUTER PROTOCOL....................................20
Tabel 2.2 perbandingan terminologi tag-switching dan mpls................................25
TABEL 3.1 DATA ROUTER AREA JAWA TIMUR DAN BALI......................................44
TABEL 3.2 KONFIGURASI POINT-TO-POINT.............................................................45
TABEL 4.1 HASIL PENGUKURAN JITTER PADA APLIKASI JPERF...........................74
TABEL 4.2 HASIL ANALISIS PACKET LOST PADA APLIKASI JPERF........................76
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pengukuran Delay / Latency pada Command Prompt...............77
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DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP
Ayah : M. Ichsan
Ibu : Luluk Kholilah
Pekerjaan : Swasta
Agama : Islam
Alamat : Jl. Raya Pakisaji 174 Malang
Riwayat Pendidikan
xi
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI
Laili Agustin
xii