HUBUNGAN VEKTOR DENGAN

KESEHATAN DAN TEKNIK

PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR YANG
MEMENUHI SYARAT KESEHATAN

M. RASYID RIDHA
PSKM FK UNLAM
Vektor dan Kesehatan:
1. Jenis – jenis vektor yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan
2. Hubungan vektor dengan kesehatan
3. Definisi faktor risiko lingkungan dan perilaku
4. Sistem pengendalian vektor
5. Teknik pemantauan vektor
6. Teknik pencegahan vektor dari aspek kesehatan lingkungan dan
perilaku masyarakat
M. Rasyid Ridha, Lab. Entomologi, Balai Litbangkes
Tanah Bumbu
 Vektor dan Penyakit
Mosquitoes Ticks Tsetse flies
Aedes • Sleeping sickness
• • Crimean-Congo (African
 Chikungunya haemorrhagic fever
 Dengue fever trypanosomiasis)
 Lymphatic filariasis • Lyme disease Fleas
 Rift Valley fever
 Yellow fever
• Plague (transmitted
• Relapsing fever
 Zika by fleas from rats to
(borreliosis)
humans)
• Anopheles • Rickettsiosis
• Rickettsial diseases
 Malaria
 Lymphatic filariasis
(spotted fever and Q fever) Black flies
• Tick-borne encephalitis • Onchocerciasis (river
• Culex
 Japanese encephalitis
blindness)
 Lymphatic filariasis • Tularaemia Aquatic snails
 West Nile fever Triatomine bugs • Schistosomiasis
Sandflies (bilharziasis)
• Chagas disease (American
Leishmaniasis Lice
• trypanosomiasis)
• Typhus and louse-
• Sandfly fever (phelebotomus borne relapsing fever
fever)
PENDAHULUAN
• Cara penularan penyakit oleh vektor ini dapat secara mekanik
yaitu terbawa pada bagian luar tubuh vektor (misalnya kaki
atau badan).

M. Rasyid Ridha, Lab. Entomologi, Balai Litbangkes

 Lalat rumah : Desentri, Kolera, Tipus
 Kecoa/Lipas : sda
 Kutu busuk : iritasi

Tanah Bumbu
CARA PENULARAN VEKTOR
BIOLOGIK :

• PROPAGATIF  Dengue
SIKLOPROPAGATIF 

M. Rasyid Ridha, Lab. Entomologi, Balai Litbangkes

•
Plasmodium
• SIKLODEVELOPMENTAL
 filariasis
• TRANSOVARIAL 
Dengue, JE

Tanah Bumbu
Transmisi secara propogatif

Serrato-Salas J., Izquierdo-Sánchez J., Argüello M., Conde R.,

Alvarado-Delgado A., Lanz-Mendoza H.
Aedes aegypti antiviral adaptive response against DENV-2
Developmental and Comparative Immunology, Volume 84, 2018
 Siklopropogatif

Sumber : Sibao Wang, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena, Genetic approaches to interfere with malaria
transmission by vector mosquitoes, Trends in Biotechnology, Volume 31, Issue 3, 2013,
Pages 185-193,
Transmisi Secara Transovarial

Christopher J. Burrell, Colin R. Howard,

Frederick A. Murphy,
Chapter 29 - Bunyaviruses,
Editor(s): Christopher J. Burrell, Colin R.
Howard, Frederick A. Murphy,
Fenner and White's Medical Virology
(Fifth Edition),
Siklodevelopmental
Sumber : https://www.who.int/heli/risks/vectors/en/
Hubungan Vektor dengan Kesehatan

Braks, Marieta M, Jolyon H, et al. Vector-

Borne Disease Intelligence: Strategies to Deal
with Disease Burden and Threats. Frontiers in
Public Health. (2014).2: 1-11
10.3389/fpubh.2014.00280.
Dampak Terhadap
Kesehatan secara langsung
• Entomophobia.
• Menghisap darah dan mengganggu.

M. Rasyid Ridha, Lab. Entomologi, Balai Litbangkes

• Dapat mengganggu beberapa indera.
• Evenomization.
• Dermatosis, dapat berupa kerusakan atau radang pada kulit bersifat
akut maupun kronis.
• Miasis.

Tanah Bumbu
• Proses alergi.
Masimalai Palaniyandi, Ph Anand. Environmental risk factors in relation to occurrence of vector borne diseaseepidemics: Remote sensing and GIS for rapid
assessment, picturesque, and monitoring towards sustainable health. International Journal of Mosquito Research 4(3):09-20 · May 2017
Sistem Pengendalian Vektor
• Why vector control?
• Diseases transmitted by vectors account for around 17% of the
estimated global burden of communicable diseases.
• Mosquitoes transmit malaria, dengue, chikungunya, lymphatic
filariasis, yellow fever and Zika among other diseases;
• flies transmit leishmaniasis, onchocerciasis and sleeping sickness; and
• bugs or ticks transmit Chagas disease, borreliosis (Lyme disease),
typhus and encephalitis. For most, prevention by targeting vectors is
the first and best approach.
Sumber : WHO. 2012. Monitoring and evaluation indicators for integrated vector management.
Daftar Pustaka
1. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 50 Tahun 2017 Tentang Standar Baku Mutu Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Persyaratan
Kesehatan Untuk Vektor dan Binatang Pembawa Penyakit Serta Pengendaliannya

2. F. Pages, M. Faulde, E. Orlandi-Pradines, P. Parola, The past and present threat of vector-borne diseases in deployed troops.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Volume 16, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 209-224. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03132.x.

3. Serrato-Salas J., Izquierdo-Sánchez J., Argüello M., Conde R., Alvarado-Delgado A., Lanz-Mendoza H. Aedes aegypti antiviral
adaptive response against DENV-2 Developmental and Comparative Immunology, Volume 84, 2018

4. Sibao Wang, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena, Genetic approaches to interfere with malaria transmission by vector mosquitoes, Trends in
Biotechnology, Volume 31, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 185-193,

5. WHO. Vector-borne disease : Death From Vector-borne disease. 2017. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-

borne-diseases

6. Ward, R.D. Medical Entomologu for Students. Parasites Vectors (2008) 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-1-12

7. Masimalai Palaniyandi, Ph Anand. Environmental risk factors in relation to occurrence of vector borne diseaseepidemics: Remote
sensing and GIS for rapid assessment, picturesque, and monitoring towards sustainable health. International Journal of Mosquito
Research 4(3):09-20 · May 2017

8. Gubler, Duane & Reiter, Paul & Ebi, Kristie & Yap, Wendy & Nasci, Roger & Patz, Jonathan. (2001). Climate Variability and
Change in the United States: Potential Impacts on Vector- and Rodent-Borne Diseases. Environmental health perspectives. 109
Suppl 2. 223-33. 10.2307/3435012.

9. WHO. 2012. Monitoring and evaluation indicators for integrated vector management.

10. MVCAC (Mosquito and Vector Control Association at Califormia). 2019.Integrated Vector Management.
http://www.mvcac.org/vectors-and-public-health/integrated-vector-management/