Present Perfect Tense

Bahasa Inggris 1
Dosen pengampu: Adani Nur Sabrina, S.S., M.Sas.
 Definisi dan Karakteristik
Present Perfect Tense

 Present Perfect Tense adalah kalimat yang menunjukkan suatu peristiwa

yang telah (atau belum pernah) terjadi sebelum saat ini.

 Berbeda dengan Simple Past Tense yang menyebutkan waktu dengan spesifik
(yesterday, last night, last year, dll), Present Perfect Tense tidak terlalu
mementingkan waktu terjadinya sebuah peristiwa.

 Verba Present Perfect Tense selalu diawali dengan auxiliary have/has.

 Present Perfect Tense selalu menggunakan past participle atau verba bentuk
ketiga (V3)
Pola Kalimat Present Perfect Tense

}
He I
She
It
} Has You
We
Have

They

(+) S + Have/Has + V3
They have moved into a new apartment.

(-) S + Have/Has + Not + V3

I haven’t attended any parties since I came here.

(?) Have/Has + S + V3 ?
Have you ever visited Mexico?
Beberapa kata yang kerap digunakan dalam kalimat
Present Perfect Tense.

ever never yet just

since for already

Ever

 Secara harfiah dalam konteks Present Perfect Tense, ever bermakna

pernah.

 Kata ever diletakkan di antara have/has dan V3 pada kalimat positif.

I have ever been to Thailand.

It’s the first time that I’ve ever eaten Korean food.

 Kata ever diletakkan setelah subjek pada kalimat interogatif.

Have you ever met the President?

Never
 Secara harfiah dalam konteks Present Perfect Tense, never bermakna
belum pernah atau tidak pernah.

My sister has never seen snow.

 Never tidak perlu diawali dengan not karena never sudah bermakna
negatif.

I haven’t never been to Yogyakarta.

I have never been to Yogyakarta.
Yet
 Kata yet pada Present Perfect Tense biasanya digunakan dalam kalimat
negatif dan interogatif.
 Yet bermakna belum.
 Yet umumnya diletakkan di akhir kalimat.

I haven’t seen the latest DiCaprio’s film yet.

Have you done your homework yet?

Have you showered? You look like a mess.

No, not yet.*

*not yet di situ merupakan kependekan dari kalimat I haven’t showered

yet.
Already

 Already bermakna “sudah” atau “telah”.

 Already bisa diletakkan di antara have/has dan V3.

She has already gone out of my life.

 Already juga bisa diletakkan di akhir kalimat.

I have had my breakfast already.

Just
 Dalam konteks Present Perfect Tense, just bermakna baru saja.

 Just diletakkan di antara have/has dan V3.

I have just heard the news.

He has just come from work.

For
 Dalam kalimat Present Perfect Tense, for umumnya bermakna selama.

 For diikuti dengan durasi waktu terjadinya suatu peristiwa.

I have known him for many years.

We have been here for two weeks.

I have had this same pair of shoes for three years.

Since
 Since bermakna sejak atau semenjak.

 Since menandakan bahwa suatu peristiwa berlangsung sejak dari masa

lampau.

 Since diikuti oleh penanda waktu tertentu.

I have liked cowboy films since I was a child.

I haven’t eaten anything since I woke up this morning.

 Past Participle (beraturan)
Verba beraturan adalah verba yang bentuk kedua (V2) dan ketiganya (V3)
hanya ditambahkan akhiran –ed. Contohnya:

V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
Talk Talked Talked Start Started Started
Work Worked Worked Knock Knocked Knocked
Attend Attended Attended Miss Missed Missed
Invite Invited Invited Turn Turned Turned
Visit Visited Visited Kick Kicked Kicked
Like Liked Liked Travel Travelled Travelled
End Ended Ended Arrive Arrived Arrived
 Past Participle (tidak beraturan)
Verba tidak beraturan adalah verba yang bentuk kedua dan ketiganya
memiliki bentuk baru (tidak sekadar ditambah akhiran –ed). Contoh:

V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
see saw seen begin began Begun
bring brought brought sing sang Sung
buy bought bought eat ate Eaten
go went gone drink drank Drunk
give gave given write wrote Written
drive drove driven come came Come
sell sold Sold win won Won
have had Had sleep slept Slept
meet met met fly flew flown