Hidramnion
Hidramnion
TANDA 5. Kering
6. kepala janin yang sudah terletak di bawah
( Mengganjal )
DAN 7. nyeri perut
GEJALA
PATOFISIOLOGI
Pecahnya selaput ketuban disebabkan oleh
hilangnya elastisitas pada daerah tepi robekan
selaput ketuban. Hilangnya elastisitas selaput
ketuban ini sangat erat kaitannya dengan
jaringan kolagen, yang dapat terjadi karena
penipisan oleh infeksi atau rendahnya kadar
kolagen. Kolagen pada selaput terdapat pada
amnion di daerah lapisan kompakta, fibroblas
serta pada korion di daerah lapisan retikuler
atau trofoblas (Mamede dkk, 2012).
Faktor yang mempengaruhi
Ketuban Pecah Dini
Usia untuk reprosuksi optimal
USIA bagi seorang ibu adalah antara
umur 20-35 tahun
Riwayat KPD
Pengalaman yang pernah dialami oleh ibu bersalin dengan
kejadian ketuban pecah dini dapat berpengaruh besar terhadap ibu
jika menghadapi kondisi kehamilan. Riwayat KPD sebelumnya
beresiko 2-4 kali mengalami ketuban pecah dini kembali.
Patogenesis terjadinya KPD secara singkat ialah akibat penurunan
kandungan kolagen dalam membran sehingga memicu terjadinya
ketuban pecah dini dan ketuban pecah preterm.
Inkompetensia serviks adalah serviks
dengan suatu kelainan anatomi yang Serviks
nyata, disebabkan laserasi sebelumnya
melalui ostium uteri atau merupakan yang
suatu kelainan kongenital pada serviks
yang memungkinkan terjadinya dilatasi Inkompetensik
berlebihan tanpa perasaan nyeri dan
mules dalam masa kehamilan trimester
kedua atau awal trimester ketiga yang
diikuti dengan penonjolan dan robekan Tekanan
selaput janin serta keluarnya hasil 1. Trauma : berupa hubungan
konsepsi. seksual, pemeriksaan dalam, Intra Uterin
amniosintesis Tekanan intra uterin
yang meninggi atau
2. Gemelli : isi rahim yang lebih meningkat secara
besar dan kantung (selaput berlebihan dapat
ketuban) relative kecil menyebabkan
sedangkan dibagian bawah terjadinya ketuban
tidak ada yang menahan pecah dini, Misalnya:
sehingga mengakibatkan
selaput ketuban tipis dan mudah
pecah (Novihandari, 2016).
KOMPLIKA
SI
Prognosis Ibu
Komplikasi yang dapat
disebabkan KPD pada ibu
yaitu infeksi intrapartal/ dalam
persalinan, infeksi puerperalis/
masa nifas, dry labour/ partus
lama, perdarahan post partum,
meningkatnya tindakan
operatif obstetric (khususnya
SC), morbiditas dan mortalitas
maternal.
Prognosis
Janin Bagi bayi terjadi :
1. Prematuritas
2. Prolaps funiculi
3. Hipoksia dan Asfiksia
4. Sindrom distress pernafasan( RSD atau Respiratory
Distress Sindrome)
5. Sindrom deformitas janin
6. Hypoplasia paru janin pada aterm
7. Morbiditas dan mortalitas perinatal
Diagnosis
Penegakkan diagnosis KPD dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara yang meliputi
01 02 03 04 05
Keluar menggunakan
Dari
nya Air Memeriksa adanya Test USG
pemeriksaan
ketuba cairan yang berisi nitrazin/lakmus
inspekulo
n dari mekonium, vernik
terlihat keluar menentukan usia kehamilan,
Vagina kaseosa, rambut
cairan ketuban letak janin, berat janin, letak
lanugo dan
dari cairan kertas lakmus plasenta serta jumlah air
kadang-kadang
servikalis merah berubah ketuban. Pemeriksaan air
bau kalau ada
menjadi biru ketuban dengan tes leukosit
infeksi.
(basa) bila esterase, bila leukosit darah
ketuban sudah lebih dari 15.000/mm3 ,
pecah kemungkinan adanya infeksi
Pemeriksaan penunjang
1.
Pemeriksaan
laboratorium
2.
Pemeriksaan
USG
Mikroskopik (tes
pakis), dengan Pemeriksaan ini
meneteskan air dimaksudkan untuk
ketuban pada gelas melihat jumlah
objek dan dibiarkan cairan ketuban
Tes lakmus (tes nitrazin), jika kering, pemeriksaan dalam kavum uteri.
kertas lakmus merah berubah mikroskopik Pada kasus KPD
menjadi biru ,menunjukkan menunjukkan terlihat jumlah
adanya air ketuban (alkalis) gambaran daun cairan ketuban
pakis yang sedikit
Penatalaksanaan
karena mempertahankannya memerlukan waktu lama.
Apabila sudah mencapai berat 2000 gram dapat
1.kehamilan dipertimbangkan untuk diinduksi. Apabila terjadi
dibawah 26 kegagalan dalam induksi makan akan disetai infeksi yang
minggu diikuti histerektomi
$434,090
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