IBW indicates ideal body weight or weight for height; NG: nasogastric; PD; oral
Source: Kleinman, 2008. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 6 th Edition
1. Protein generally constitutes 5% - 12% of total calories,
reflected in composition of HUMAN MILK and INFANT
FORMULA MODELING HUMAN.
2. Fomon and Ziegler suggested a formula calori composition of
9% protein, 60 % carbohydrate and 31% fat provided in a
density of 1 kcal/ml.
3. Protein assuming limit: 3,5 g/kg per day of protein, the
additional energi required above 120 kcal/kg on the basis of
IBW for length
4. Fluid: Many patient especially those with CHF; are restricted in
fluid intake with or without diuretic treatment (retricting fluids
is challenging and requires a concentrated formula→ via NGT
or transpyloric tube.
Source: Kleinman, 2008. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 6th Edition
Feeding Strategies
1. Oral or enteral feedings are preferred.
2. There need be no restriction in volume of formula infant with
CHF or cyanosis if they feed voluntarily.
3. Many patient with CHF have limited oral voluntary intake to
supply nutrient requirements to maintain growth.
4. Formula concentration is frequently increased to provide more
energy and protein in restricted volume.
5. If volume is the limiting factor, more concentrated formula will
be necessary to provide up to 3,5 gr/kg per day of protein
above which additional calories may be added carbohydrate or
fat.
Source: Kleinman, 2008. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 6th Edition
MONITORING OUTCOME
1.Nutritional status
2.Attention should be paid to total calorie intake,
proportion of fat and carbohydrate intake,
protein intake and adequacy of , micronutrients
including iron, zink and vitamin.
3.Fluid intake, urinary frequency, and hidration
status in the context of diuretic therapy should
be assessed.
Source: Kleinman, 2008. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 6th Edition
DISLIPIDEMIA
1. Penyakit kardiovaskular akibat aterosklerosis dinding
dan trombosis→ penyebab kematian dunia.
2. Salah satu faktor yang dpt dimodifikasi : dyslipidemia
3. Riskesdas 2007: prevalensi total kolesterol > 200
mg/dl: 39,8 %. Bangka, Belitung kepulauan riau: ≥ 50%
3. RESIKO MENENGAH
* RIWAYAT PJK PREMATUR DLM KELUARGA, OBESITAS
ABDOMINAL, KOLESTEROL HDL RENDAH, TG TINGGI