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Menurut Hukum Perdata Indonesia
Ps. 99 (18) Rv:
Dalam hal Pemerintah Indonesia mewakili Negara bertindak sebagai
penggugat atau tergugat, maka Jakarta dianggap sebagai tempat tinggalnya.
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Ps. 99 (18) Rv
Hanya mengatur ttg yurisdiksi Pengadilan di Indonesia terhadap Negara Indonesia
Apakah Pengadilan Asing atau Arbitrase ICSID di New York memiliki yurisdiksi terhadap Negara
Indonesia yg digugat oleh Newmont Corp.?
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Menurut HPI Indonesia
Doktrin yg dianut Indonesia ttg Sovereign Immunity:
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Negara-negara lainnya (terutama Common Law)
Menganut doktrin restrictive immunity (kekebalan terbatas)
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PENGECUALIAN ABSOLUTE IMMUNITY
• Jika Negara berdaulat tsb secara tegas SETUJU mengenyampingkan
imunitas-nya utk diadili di Pengadilan Asing atau tunduk pada hukum
asing.
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INVESTMENT TREATY
Bilateral/Multilateral Investment Treaty (BIT / MIT):
Traktat yg dibuat antar Negara utk melindungi investor asing yg melakukan
investasi di negara peserta Treaty tsb.
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Klausula ISDS dlm Investment Treaty
Contoh klausula Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS):
Each Contracting party hereby consents to submit any legal dispute arising between that
Contracting Party and a national of the other Contracting Party concerning an investment
of that national in the territory of the former Contracting Party to the International Centre
for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) for settlement by conciliation or arbitration
under the ICSID Convention.
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Klausula ISDS dalam BIT Indonesia dan Mesir:
1. Any dispute which may arise between a Contracting Party and an investor of
the other Contracting Party, if possible, shall be settled amicably.
2. If the dispute cannot be settled within a period of six months from the date on
which the dispute has been raised by either Party, it may be submitted upon
request of the investor (his choice will be final) either to:
a. The competent court of the Contracting Party in whose territory the
investment was made;
b. The ICSID…;
c. Regional Center for International Commercial Arbitration in Cairo as far as
it applies UNCITRAL”.
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ISDS Clause dan Sovereign Immunity
Dalam hal investor Belanda/Mesir menggugat Pemerintah Indonesia:
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ISDS Clause juga dituliskan di perjanjian internasional lain, spti:
• Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
• Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
• Investor State Agreement (ISA)
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Akhir-akhir ini muncul perlawanan terhadap klausula ISDS di negara
berkembang.
Menyerukan penghapusan klausula ISDS dari berbagai Perjanjian
Internasional/ Traktat
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