Sistem

Hukum Islam
Anggota Kelompok :
o Asminarti Ishak
o Ni ketut Ayu Devi
o Putri patrisia Mariala
o Selviani
o Hardiansyah
o Yustinus
Pengertian Hukum Islam
Sistem kaidah-kaidah yang didasarkan pada wahyu Allah SWT dan Sunnah Rasul
mengenai tingkah laku mukalaf (orang yang sudah dapat dibebani kewajiban) yang
diakui dan diyakini, yang mengikat bagi semua pemeluknya. Dan hal ini mengacu
pada apa yang telah dilakukan oleh Rasul untuk melaksanakannya secara total.
Syariat Islam menurut istilah berarti hukum-hukum yang diperintahkan Allah SWT
untuk umat-Nya yang dibawa oleh seorang Nabi, baik yang berhubungan dengan
kepercayaan (aqidah) maupun yang berhubungan dengan amaliyah.Syariat Islam
menurut bahasa berarti jalan yang dilalui umat manusia untuk menuju kepada Allah
Ta’ala.

.
Sumber-sumber Hukum Islam

Hukum Islam bukan hanya sebuah

teori saja namun adalah sebuah
aturan-aturan untuk diterapkan di
dalam sendi kehidupan manusia.
Karena banyak ditemui
permasalahan-permasalahan,
umumnya dalam bidang agama yang
sering kali membuat pemikiran umat
Muslim yang cenderung kepada
perbedaan. Untuk itulah diperlukan
sumber hukum Islam sebagai
solusinya
 Sumber Hukum Islam

01 02 03 04

Al-Qur’an Al-hadist Ijma’ Qiyas

 Al-Qur’an Ijma'
Ijma adalah yang terjadi di zaman
kitab suci umat Muslim yang sahabat, tabiin (setelah tabiin).
diturunkan kepada nabi terakhir, yaitu Karena setelah zaman mereka para
Nabi Muhammad SAW melalui ulama telah berpencar dan
Malaikat Jibril. Al-Quran memuat jumlahnya banyak, dan perselisihan
kandungan-kandungan yang berisi semakin banyak, sehingga tak dapat
perintah, larangan, anjuran, kisah dipastikan bahwa semua ulama
Islam, ketentuan, hikmah dan telah bersepakat.
sebagainya.

Al-Hadist
Kata hadits yang mengalami perluasan
makna sehingga disinonimkan dengan
sunnah, maka dapat berarti segala
perkataan (sabda), perbuatan, ketetapan
maupun persetujuan dari Rasulullah SAW
yang dijadikan ketetapan ataupun hukum
Islam.
Qiyas
Artinya jika suatu nash telah
menunjukkan hukum mengenai suatu
kasus dalam agama Islam dan telah
diketahui melalui salah satu metode
untuk mengetahui permasalahan hukum
tersebut, kemudian ada kasus lainnya
yang sama dengan kasus yang ada
nashnya itu dalam suatu hal itu juga,
maka hukum kasus tersebut disamakan
dengan hukum kasus yang ada nashnya.
LEGAL HISTORIS PENGAKUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI
INDONESIA

“Sejak masuknya agama Islam ke nusantara, dapat dikatakan bahwa

secara empiris hukum Islam merupakan hukum yang hidup (the living
law) dalam masyarakat Indonesia.15 Dalam catatan dari J.C. Van Leur,
masuknya Islam ke Indonesia yang pada saat itu masih disebut sebagai
“nusantara” dimulai pada abad ke-7 (tujuh) Masehi.16 Artnya,
penerimaan hukum Islam oleh masyarakat terjadi pada fase awal
lahirnya Islam di Jazirah Arab hingga masuknya kolonial Belanda.
Meskipun demikian, penerimaan hukum Islam sebagai hukum yang
hidup di masyarakat mengalami tantangan sejak masuknya Belanda.”
 Menurut Yahya Harahap, aturan ini merupakan
hasil rekomendasi Ter Haar yang berisi antara lain:

1) Hukum waris Islam belum sepenuhnya diterima oleh

masyarakat;
2) Mencabut wewenang Peradilan Agama (Raad Agama) untuk
perkara waris dan dialihkan kepada Landraat;
3) Peradilan Agama (Raad Agama) dibawah pengawasan
Landraat; dan
4) Putusan Peradilan Agama tdak dapat dilaksanakan tanpa
executoir verklaring dari ketua
Berdasarkan Staatsblad 1937 Nomor 116, Peradilan
Agama memiliki batas kekuasaan, antara lain:

1. Perselisihan antara suami-isteri yang beragama Islam;

? 2. Perkara tentang nikah, talak, rujuk, dan perceraian
bagi orang yang beragama Islam dan memerlukan
perantara hakim beragama Islam;
3. Memberikan keputusan tentang perceraian;
4. Menyatakan bahwa syarat untuk jatuhnya talak yang
digantungkan (taklik talak) sudah tdak ada;
5. Masalah tentang mahar;
6. Masalah tentang kebutuhan hidup isteri yang wajib
diberikan oleh suami.
SEKIAN DAN TERIMA KASIH!

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 DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS

MERCURY SATURN MARS VENUS

It’s the closest It’s the ringed Despite being Venus has a
planet to the Sun one, composed red, Mars is beautiful name
and the smallest mostly of actually a cold and is the second
one in our Solar hydrogen and place. It’s full of planet from
System helium iron oxide dust the Sun
Remember that big
numbers grab a lot
7.2M
of attention

10K You can use them

to make an
impression

In Spain, a comma

33,400
is used as a decimal
separator
 PRACTICAL
USES OF THIS
SUBJECT

MERCURY VENUS

It’s the closest Venus has a

planet to the Sun beautiful name

SATURN MARS

Yes, this is the Despite being red,

ringed one Mars is cold
 LESSON DEVELOPMENT

Mercury is the
01 smallest one

Saturn is the ringed

02 one

Despite being red,

03 Mars is cold

Venus has a
04 beautiful name
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust, which gives the
planet its reddish cast

Insert your multimedia content here

DID YOU KNOW...?

MERCURY
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun

SATURN
Saturn is the ringed
planet and a gas giant

MARS
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place
 ...and did you know this?

Despite being red, Mars is

actually a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust, which gives the
planet its reddish cast

If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link,
change the data and replace it here
 PROBLEM SOLUTION

Mercury is the Jupiter is a gas

closest planet to the giant and the
Sun and the biggest planet in
smallest one in the our Solar System. It’s
Solar System. It’s also the fourth-
only a bit larger brightest
than our Moon object in the sky
 OVERVIEW DIAGRAM

PART 1 PART 2

NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH

LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 LESSON 4 LESSON 5

Mercury is Despite Venus is the Saturn is Neptune is

the closest being red, second the ringed the farthest
planet to Mars is a planet from planet and planet from
the Sun cold place the Sun a gas giant the Sun
EXERCISE

?
● Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun, but does its name
have anything to do with the
liquid metal?

● Contrary to popular belief, no.

The truth is that this planet
was named after the Roman
?
messenger god, Mercury
 OTHER CONCEPTS

MERCURY SATURN VENUS

It’s the smallest This is the ringed Venus has a

planet in our Solar planet, composed beautiful name and
System and the mostly of hydrogen is the second planet
closest to the Sun and helium from the Sun

MARS JUPITER NEPTUNE

Despite being red, Jupiter is a gas Neptune is the

Mars is actually a giant and the farthest planet from
cold place. It’s full of biggest planet in the Sun and the
iron oxide dust our Solar System fourth-largest
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 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE

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