Ketidakstabilan Ekonomi [melalui BELANJAWAN NEGARA , melalui BANK PUSAT]

1) Berikut adalah berbualan antara seorang anak dengan emaknya. [12 markah]
Emak

: Seronoklah kamudapat bonus dua bulan gaji.

Anak

: Memanglah seronok, mak. Tapi harga barang terus naik.

Terangkan cara bank pusat mengawal keadaan ekonomi seperti yang dinyatakan dalam perbualan.
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2) Maklumat berikut merujuk kepada situasi ekonomi sebuah negara. [12 markah]
- Stok barangan berlebihan
- Kadar penggangguran meningkat
Huraikan empat cara bank pusat mengawal situasi ekonomi negara tersebut.
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3) Perbualan di bawah menunjukkan tiga sahabat mengenai keadaan ekonomi semasa negara.
Azizul

: HeePening kepala aku. Harga barang tak habis-habis naik.

Baxter

: YelahHarga makanan naik. Harga pakaian naik. Tambang pengangkutan pun naik.

Wai Kit

: Lepas ni, entah harga barang apa lagi la nak naik.

Bagaimanakah kerajaan melalui belanjawan negara mengatasi masalah ketidakstabilan ekonomi

tersebut melalui :
i) Kadar cukai [4 markah]
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ii) Perbelanjaan negara [3 markah]
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4) Bank pusat telah menurunkan kadar rizab tunai dan rizab berkanun.
i) Jelaskan maksud rizab tunai dan rizab berkanun. [2 markah]
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ii) Jelaskan tiga kesan perubahan kadar rizab tersebut kepada bank perdagangan [3 markah]
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5) Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan satu keadaan ketidakstabilan ekonomi.

- Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lembab
- Kadar pengangguran tinggi
Bagaimanakah belanjawan negara dapat mengatasi keadaan ketidakstabilan ekonomi tersebut [4 m]
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6) Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan satu keadaan ketidakstabilan ekonomi.
[ Memandangkan harga barangan meningkat secara berterusan, bank pusat telah mengubah kadar
faedah dan kadar rizab tunai untuk mengurangkan pinjaman ]
i) Apakah keadaan ketidakstabilan ekonomi tersebut? [ 1 markah]
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ii) Bagaimanakah kedua-dua cara yang dinyatakan dapat mengawal keadaan ketidakstabilan
ekonomi tersebut?
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