VIII.

PERCOBAAN EMPEDU

Kandung empedu menyimpan getah empedu yng diproduksi oleh hati di antara

waktu- waktu makan. Selama pencernaan, kandung empedu akan berkontraksi dan

mengalirkan getah empedu secara cepat ke dalam duodenum melalui duktus koledokus.

Komposisi getah empedu hati berbeda dari getah empedu kandung empedu yang lebih

pekat. Dari percobaan dan penelusuran literatur untuk bab ini diharapkan mahasiswa dapat

mengetahui komposisi dan sifat getah empedu meliputi emulsifikasi, netralisasi asam, dan

ekskresinya.

Sifat-sifat Empedu

A. Bau Empedu
B. Warna Empedu
C. pH Empedu

Bahan dan reagen : empedu sapi / ayam

Alat-alat :
1. Tabung reaksi
2. Indikator Universal

Cara kerja:
1. Masukkan cairan empedu ke dalam tabung reaksi
2. Celupkan Indikator Universal ke dalam cairan tersebut
3. Angkat dan cocokkan dengan standar warna
 D. BJ Empedu

Bahan dan reagen : Empedu

Alat-alat :
1. Gelas ukur
2. Termometer
3. Urinometer

Cara kerja :
1. Masukkan empedu kedalam gelas ukur 10 ml
2. Masukkan Urinometer ke dalam larutan empedu tersebut dengan memutarnya
3. Hitung BJ denga jalan membaca skala yang ada pada urinometer

E. Emulsi

Bahan dan reagen:

1. Minyak kelapa
2. Cairan empedu
3. Aquadest

Alat-alat:
1. Tabung reaksi
2. Gelas ukur
3. Pipet tetes

Cara kerja:

1. Sediakan 2 buah tabung reaksi, beri label E untuk eksperimen dan C untuk kontrol
2. Masing-masing tabung masukkan 1 ml aquadest
3. Tabung E tambahkan 1 ml cairan empedu
4. Tabung C tambahkan 1 ml minyak kelapa
5. Aduk kedua tabung secara bersamaan selama 1 menit, kemudian biarkan
6. Perhatikan warna emulsinya yang lebih stabil
 F. PETENKOFER UNTUK ASAM EMPEDU

Dasar:
Asam empedu dengan furfural akan membentuk cincin berwarna pada bidang batas cairan.

Bahan dan reagen:

1. Larutan Glukosa 5%
2. H2SO4 pa
3. Larutan empedu encer 1 : 10

Alat-alat:
1. Tabung reaksi
2. Gelas piala
3. Gelas ukur
4. Pipet tetes

Cara kerja:

1. Sediakan satu buah tabung reaksi, masukkan 2,5 ml empedu encer

2. Tambahkan 2,5 ml larutan glukosa 5 %
3. Miringkan tabung reaksi tersebut sambil tambahkan 2,5 ml H2SO4 pa pada
dindingnya dengan hati-hati sehingga terbentuk 2 lapisan
4. Dinginkan dalam gelas piala yang berisi air dingin
5. Perhatikan warna yang ada pada kedua batas cairan

G.PIGMEN-PIGMEN EMPEDU

Dasar :

Sebagian besar pigmen-pigmen empedu berasal dari hasil penghancuran eritrosit,

pigmen utama dan terbanyak adalah bilirubin dan biliferdin. Yang pertama berwarna

merah/kuning coklat dan yang kedua berwarna hijau. Hasil oksidasi dari pigmen-pigmen

berikutnya akan membentuk bermacam-macam warna.

 1. Uji Gmelin

Bahan dan reagen :

1. Asam Nitrat pekat
2. Larutan empedu encer

Alat-alat :
1. Tabung reaksi
2. Pipet takar

Cara kerja :
1. Sediakan satu buah tabung reaksi, masukkan 3 ml asam nitrat pekat
2. Tambahkan 3 ml empedu encer memakai pipet, harus hati-hati sehingga
keduanya tidak bercampur
3. Perhatikan warna-warna yang terlihat pada perbatasan kedua cairan tersebut
4. Uji kepekaan percobaan ini dengan menggunakan empedu yang lebih encer ( 1 : 50 )
5. Catat warna-warnanya

2. Uji smith

Bahan dan reagen :

1. Empedu encer
2. Iodium 0,5% dalam alkohol

Alat-alat :
1. Tabung reaksi
2. Pipet tetes
3. Gelas piala
4. Pipet takar

Cara kerja :

1. Sediakan satu buah tabung reaksi, masukkan sedikit empedu

2. Masukkan beberapa tetes larutan iodium sehingga membentuk lapisan diatas
cairan tersebut
3. Perhatikan cincin berwarna hijau tua atau biru kehijau-hijauan dibawah
lapisan iodium.
 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

*Tambahkan dalam bagian ini bagaimana peranan empedu dalam proses pencernaan makanan

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 Isian:

Getah empedu berfungsi untuk

. dengan berat jenis

normalnya sekitar .

Apakah sampel empedu anda dapat mengemulsikan minyak kelapa?........................................

mengapa?

..

Uji petenkofer dilakukan untuk

Uji gmelin dilakukan dengan menambahkan ke sampel empedu yang

akan memberikan hasil berupa

terbentuknya..
 HASIL
PENGAMATAN

Percobaan Empedu

Bau Empedu : ................................

Warna Empedu : ................................
pH Empedu : ...............................

Celupkan indikator universal pada lar. empedu, kemudian cocokkan dengan standar

BJ empedu
Masukkan urinometer kedalam empedu, baca skala urinometer : .................................

Emulsi empedu

Zat kimia Pengamatan

Tabung E = 1 ml aq + 1 ml cairan empedu, aduk selama 1 mnt

Tabung C = 1 ml aq + 1 ml minyak kelapa, aduk selama 1

mnt

Petenkofer untuk asam empedu

2,5 ml epedu + 2,5 ml glukosa 5% kemudian miringkan sambil + H2SO4 ................
Uji Gmelin

3 ml as. Nitrat + 3 ml empedu ........................................

3 ml as. Nitrat + 3 ml empedu ( 1 : 50 ) .............................

Uji Smith
Empedu + beberapa tetes lar. iodium ........................................

Pekanbaru, ................................................2017
Asisten,
 PEMBAHASAN

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