LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

LAPORAN RESMI
ANALISA INTI BATUAN

Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan

Tahun Akademik 2011/2012
Program Studi S1 Teknik Perminyakan
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Balikpapan

Disusun Oleh,
Nama : Asmara Sabda Wirawan
NIM : 1301336
Kelompok : II (Dua)
Dengan Hasil Penilaian :

Balikpapan, November 2014

Disetujui Oleh,

Dosen Pembimbing Praktikum Asisten Praktikum

(Rizky Amalia, S.T.) (Muhammad Japar)

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 LEMBAR ASISTENSI PRAKTIKUM
ANALISA INTI BATUAN

NAMA : Indra Mardiansyah

NIM : 1101084
JURUSAN : S1 TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN
KELOMPOK : II (Dua)

Tanggal Keterangan Paraf

 Perhitungan porositas
 Tanda (-) pada rumus permeabilitas.
 Grafik Permeabilitas dengan Saturasi.
2 November 2012
 Perhitungan permeabilitas.
 Kenapa satuan permeabilitas (k) adalah
“Darcy” ?
 Apa itu drag force?
 Apa itu Resin Consolidated?
 Jelaskan tentang histerisis!
6 November 2012
 Apa problem kepasiran bisa diatasi
dengan metode kimia?

 Perbaiki format.
 Perbaiki daftar isi.
 Perbaiki daftar pustaka.
7 November 2012

FINAL REPORT

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 KATA PENGANTAR

Segala puji dan syukur tercurah atas segala nikmat yang telah dilimpahkan
oleh pemlik ilmu yang maha luas Allah SWT kepada penulis sehingga dapat
menyelesaikan Laporan Resmi Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan, sebagai persyaratan
untuk memenuhi kurikulum Tahun Akademik 2011 / 2012 dalam menyelesaikan
Mata Kulia Mekanika Reservoir di Jurusan S1 Teknik Perminyakan, STT Migas
Balikpapan.
Begitu banyak rasa terimakasih yang ingin penulis sampaikan kepada semua
pihak yang telah berperan dan membantu penulis dalam penyelesain laporan ini,
terutama kepada:
1. Bapak Drs. EC Sugiono, MM. selaku Ketua STT Migas Balikpapan
2. Karmila, ST selaku dosen mata kuliah mekanika reservoir.
3. Asisten Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan kelompok 2 Arie Kustanty yang
telah meluangkan banyak waktunya dan memberikan banyak
masukkan/kritik yang membangun.
4. Rekan-rekan kelompok 2 Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan atas
kerjasamanya.
Selanjutnya penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang konstruktif kreatif
demi kesempurnaan didalam berbagai aspek dari laporan ini. Penulis
jugamemohon maaf yang sedalam-dalamnya atas kesalahan-kesalahan yang
mungkinsaja masih terdapat dalam laporan ini.Semoga laporan ini bermanfaat
bagi semua rekan-rekan yang membacanya.

Balikpapan, November 2012

Penyusun

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ......................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................. ii
LEMBAR ASISTENSI PRAKTIKUM .......................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK .......................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xiii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................ 1
BAB II PENGUKURAN POROSITAS ..................................................... 4
2.1. Tujuan Percobaan .................................................................... 4
2.2. Teori Dasar .............................................................................. 4
2.3. Peralatan Dan Bahan ........................................................... 12
2.3.1. Peralatan........................................................................ 12
2.3.2. Bahan ............................................................................ 12
2.4. Prosedur Percobaan ................................................................. 14
2.4.1. Metode Pengukuran Dengan Cara Menimbang ............ 14
2.4.2. Mercury Injection Pump ............................................... 15
2.5. Hasil Analisa dan Perhitungan ................................................ 17
2.5.1. Penentuan Porositas Dengan Menimbang .................... 17
2.5.2. Mercury Injection Pump ............................................... 18
2.6. Pembahasan ............................................................................ 19
2.7. Kesimpulan ............................................................................ 20

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BAB III PENGUKURAN SATURASI FLUIDA ........................................ 21
3.1.........................................................................................Tuj
uan Percobaan .......................................................................... 21
3.2.........................................................................................Teo
ri Dasar ..................................................................................... 21
3.3.........................................................................................Per
alatan Dan Bahan ..................................................................... 24
3.3.1. Peralatan........................................................................ 24
3.3.2. Bahan ............................................................................ 24
3.4.........................................................................................Pro
sedur Percobaan ....................................................................... 27
3.5.........................................................................................Has
il Analisa dan Perhitungan ....................................................... 27
3.5.1. Hasil Analisa ................................................................. 27
3.6.........................................................................................Pe
mbahasan .................................................................................. 28
3.7.........................................................................................Kes
impulan ..................................................................................... 29

BAB IV PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS ........................................... 30

4.1.........................................................................................Tuj
uan Percobaan .......................................................................... 30
4.2.........................................................................................Teo
ri Dasar ..................................................................................... 30
4.3.........................................................................................Per
alatan Dan Bahan ..................................................................... 35
4.3.1. Peralatan........................................................................ 35
4.3.2. Bahan............................................................................. 35
4.4.........................................................................................Pro
sedur Percobaan ....................................................................... 38
4.4.1. Prosedur Gas Permeameter ........................................ 38

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 4.5.........................................................................................Has
il Analisa dan Perhitungan ....................................................... 39
4.6.........................................................................................Pe
mbahasan .................................................................................. 41
4.7.........................................................................................Kes
impulan ..................................................................................... 43

BAB V SIEVE ANALYSIS ......................................................................... 44

5.1.........................................................................................Tuj
uan Percobaan .......................................................................... 44
5.2.........................................................................................Teo
ri Dasar ..................................................................................... 44
5.3.........................................................................................Per
alatan Dan Bahan ..................................................................... 45
5.3.1. Peralatan....................................................................... 45
5.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................... 45
5.4.........................................................................................Pro
sedur Percobaan ....................................................................... 47
5.5.........................................................................................Has
il Analisa Dan Perhitungan ....................................................... 48
5.6.........................................................................................Pe
mbahasan .................................................................................. 53
5.7.........................................................................................Kes
impulan ..................................................................................... 54

BAB VI PENENTUAN KADAR LARUT SAMPLE FORMASI

DALAMLARUTAN ASAM ......................................................... 55
6.1.......................................................................................Tuj
uan Percobaan .......................................................................... 55
6.2.......................................................................................Teo
ri Dasar ..................................................................................... 55

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 6.3.......................................................................................Per
alatan Dan Bahan ..................................................................... 58
6.3.1. Peralatan....................................................................... 58
6.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................... 58
6.4.......................................................................................Pro
sedur Percobaan ....................................................................... 61
6.5.......................................................................................Has
il Analisa dan Perhitungan ....................................................... 62
6.6.......................................................................................Pe
mbahasan .................................................................................. 63
6.7.......................................................................................Kes
impulan ..................................................................................... 63

BAB VII PENENTUAN TEKANAN KAPILER PADA SAMPLE BATUAN

RESERVOIR .................................................................................. 64
7.1.......................................................................................Tuj
uan Percobaan .......................................................................... 64
7.2.......................................................................................Teo
ri Dasar ..................................................................................... 64
7.3.......................................................................................Per
alatan Dan Bahan ..................................................................... 66
7.3.1........................................................................................Per
alatan .......................................................................................66
7.3.2........................................................................................Bah
an 66
7.4.......................................................................................Pro
sedur Percobaan ....................................................................... 72
7.5.......................................................................................Has
il Analisa dan Perhitungan ....................................................... 75
7.6.......................................................................................Pe
mbahasan .................................................................................. 79

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 7.7.......................................................................................Kes
impulan ..................................................................................... 83

BAB VII PEMBAHASAN UMUM................................................................ 84

BAB IX KESIMPULAN UMUM ................................................................ 87

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1. Core .......................................................................................... 3

Gambar 2.1. Perbandingan Porositas ............................................................ 6
Gambar 2.2. Pengaruh Susunan Butir Terhadap Porositas ........................... 9
Gambar 2.3. Pengaruh Sudut Kemiringan Butir Terhadap Porositas ............ 10
Gambar 2.4. Distribusi Kumulatif Ukuran Butir (Graywacke) ................... 11
Gambar 2.5. Timbangan Digital..................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.6. Vacuum Pump .......................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.7. Beaker Glass ............................................................................. 13
Gambar 2.8. Rangkaian Alat Porometer........................................................ 14
Gambar 3.1. Distribusi Saturasi Mula – Mula .............................................. 23
Gambar 3.2. Retort ........................................................................................ 25
Gambar 3.3. Gelas Ukur ............................................................................... 25
Gambar 3.4. Exicator .................................................................................... 26
Gambar 3.5. Oven ......................................................................................... 26
Gambar 4.1. Model Permeabilitas ................................................................. 31
Gambar 4.2. Hubungan Ukuran Butiran dengan Permeabilitas .................... 32
Gambar 4.3. Diagram Permeabilitas.............................................................. 32
Gambar 4.4. Core Holder .............................................................................. 35
Gambar 4.5. Triple Range Low Meter ........................................................... 36
Gambar 4.6. Pressure Gauge ........................................................................ 36
Gambar 4.7. Gas Inlet ................................................................................... 37
Gambar 4.8. Gas Outlet ................................................................................. 37

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Gambar 4.9. Rangkaian Gas Permeater ........................................................ 38
Gambar 5.1. Timbangan ................................................................................ 45
Gambar 5.2. Electric Sieve Shacker .............................................................. 46
Gambar 5.3. Mortal dan Pastle ...................................................................... 46
Gambar 6.1. Mortal dan Pastle ...................................................................... 58
Gambar 6.2. Oven ......................................................................................... 59
Gambar 6.3. Erlenmeyer ............................................................................... 59
Gambar 6.4. Kertas Saring ............................................................................ 60
Gambar 6.5. Soxhelet Aparatus ..................................................................... 60
Gambar 6.6. ASTM 100 Mesh ...................................................................... 61
Gambar 7.1. Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure Aparatus ...................... 67
Gambar 7.2. Vacum Gauge ........................................................................... 67
Gambar 7.3. Sample Holder .......................................................................... 68
Gambar 7.4. Pump Plunger ........................................................................... 68
Gambar 7.5. Travelling Yoke ......................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.6. Make – Up Nut ......................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.7. Pump Cylinder ......................................................................... 70
Gambar 7.8. Picnometer Lid ......................................................................... 70
Gambar 7.9. Pressure Control ....................................................................... 71
Gambar 7.10. Pressure Relief Valve ................................................................ 71

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1. Ukuran Porositas dan Kualitas ......................................................... 9

Tabel 4.1. Klasifikasi Permeabilitas .................................................................. 31
Tabel 4.2. Data Permeabilitas Absolute dan 1/ Δ P......................................... 41
Tabel 5.1. Hasil Percobaan Sieve Analysis ....................................................... 48
Tabel 5.2. Opening Diameter dan % Berat Kumulatif ...................................... 51
Tabel 7.1. Pengukuran Tekanan Kapiler ........................................................... 75
Tabel 7.2. Hubungan antara Pressure dan Volume ............................................ 76

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 DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 4.1. Permeabilitas (k) terhadap 1/ ΔP.................................................. 42

Grafik 5.1. Opening Diamater terhadap % Berat Kumulatif ........................... 52
Grafik 7.1. Hubungan Correct Pressure (atm) dan Mercury Saturation (%) .... 80
Grafik 7.2. Hubungan Volum (cc) dan Pressure (atm) ...................................... 82

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

ACARA I PENENTUAN POROSITAS EFEKTIF

ACARA II PENGUKURAN SATURASI DENGAN METODE

DESTILASI

ACARA III PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS ABSOLUT

ACARA IV SIEVE ANALYSIS

ACARA V PENENTUAN KADAR LARUT SAMPLE DALAM

LARUTAN ASAM

ACARA VI PENGUKURAN TEKANAN KAPILER

TUGAS PENDAHULUAN

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