ANALISA PERANCANGAN TANGKI TIMBUN KEROSIN

1000 KL DENGAN KALKULASI STANDAR API 650

Disusun Oleh :
Mochammad Reygyansyah
4314215013

JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS PANCASILA

MEI 2018
 DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................ i

DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................... iii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... iv

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1

1.1. L.atar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1

1.2. Perumusan Masalah ................................................................................. 2

1.3. Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................... 2

1.4. Tujuan ...................................................................................................... 3

1.5. Manfaat .................................................................................................... 4

1.6. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi .................................................................. 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 6

2.1. Teori Umum Cangkang Silindris ............................................................. 6

2.2. Tangki ...................................................................................................... 15

2.2.1. Ciri-ciri Struktur Cangkang ............................................................ 16

2.2.2. Jenis Tangki Berdasarkan Tata Letaknya ....................................... 17

2.2.3. Jenis Tangki Berdasarkan Bentuk Atap .......................................... 19

2.3. Teori Tangki Silindris dengan Ketebalan Dinding Seragam ................... 22

2.4. Teori Tangki Baja Silindris ...................................................................... 25

2.5. Standar Desain ......................................................................................... 26

2.6. Persyaratan Elemen Tangki ..................................................................... 27

2.7. Sambungan (Joint) ................................................................................... 31

2.8. Pembebanan Pada Struktur ...................................................................... 43

i
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .......................................................................... 46

3.1. Desain Tangki .......................................................................................... 46

3.2. Identifikasi Perilaku Tangki ..................................................................... 46

3.3. Studi Parameter ........................................................................................ 49

BAB IV ANALISA .................................................................................................. 52

4.1. Data Umum Perencanaan ......................................................................... 52

4.2. Perencangan Tangki ................................................................................. 53

4.3. Pembebanan ............................................................................................. 56

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. vi

ii
 DAFTAR TABEL

Table 2.1 Ukuran Minimum Las Fillet .................................................................... 39

Table 3.1 Perbandingan Dimensi Tinggi Tangki dan Diameter Tangki Kapasitas

1000 Kiloliter ........................................................................................... 51

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Simulasi Ketebalan Dinding Pelat Baja Tangki Menggunakan

Fluida Kerosin dan Air ............................................................................ 54

iii
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Elmen pelat dengan gaya-gaya yang terjadi ....................................... 6

Gambar 2.2. Pipa Silinder ........................................................................................ 10

Gambar 2.3. Tabel nilai φ, ψ, θ, dan ζ ...................................................................... 14

Gambar 2.4. Grafik fungsi 𝜑(𝛽𝑥) dan 𝜓(𝛽𝑥) ......................................................... 14

Gambar 2.5. Contoh tangki diatas tanah .................................................................. 17

Gambar 2.6. Contoh tangki menara ......................................................................... 18

Gambar 2.7. Contoh A supported cone roof ............................................................ 20

Gambar 2.8. Contoh A self supported cone roof ...................................................... 20

Gambar 2.9. Contoh dome roof tank ........................................................................ 21

Gambar 2.10. Contoh Floating roof tank ................................................................. 21

Gambar 2.11. Tangki Silindris ................................................................................. 22

Gambar 2.12. Tangki Silindris dengan Ketebalan Dinding Seragam ...................... 25

Gambar 2.13. Tabel ketebalan nominal shell plate .................................................. 29

Gambar 2.14. Tabel 5.1a ketebalan annular bottom plate ....................................... 30

Gambar 2.15. Jenis-jenis sambungan las dasar ........................................................ 31

Gambar 2.16. Jenis-jenis sambungan kampuh las ................................................... 34

Gambar 2.17. Sambungan vertikal badan tangki ..................................................... 35

Gambar 2.18. Sambungan horizontal badan tangki ................................................. 36

Gambar 2.19. Sambungan atap dan pelat dasar ....................................................... 38

Gambar 2.20. Metode untuk mempersiapkan pelat dasar las-berimpit dibawah

badan tangki ............................................................................................................. 40

iv
Gambar 2.21. Detail las lekukan-fillet ganda untuk pelat dasar .............................. 41

Gambar 3.1. Bagan alir desain tangki ...................................................................... 48

Gambar 3.2. Peta zona gempa Indonesia ................................................................. 50

v
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

American Petroleum Institute Standard 650. (2013). Welded Steel Tank For Oil Storage
12th Edition. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C

S. P. Timoshenko dan S. Woinowsky-Krieger. (1959). Theory of Plates and Shell, 2d ed.

New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Anonim, 2005. Bahan-Efek dan Dampak Ekonomi Korosi, The World Corrosion
Orginition, http://www.wermac.org/materials/corrosion_allowance.html

Anonim, 2005. Astanks.(n.d). Types of Abveground Steel Tank. Retrieved agustus

21,2013, From http://www.astanks.com/EN/Fixed_roof_EN.html

Ferfhari, 2013. Spesifikasi Solar. http://feryhariyantoo.blogspot.com/2013/07/minyak-

solar-sifatkegunaandanjenis.html

Veletsos, A.S., and Tang, Y., (1992). Dynamic Response of Flexibly Supported Liquid
Storage Tanks, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE

vi