10 11 12
HE-201
C-201
R-201
F-101
Data Perancangan :
Tekanan 1 (P1) = 30 bar = psi
Tekanan 2 (P2) = 50 bar = psi
Temperature 1 (T1) = 38oC
= 311 K
Laju alir massa = 37287,96 kg/jam
= 1368,468 lb/min
Densitas campuran = 157,8114 kg/m3
= 9,85185 lb/ft3
Viskositas campuran = 0,01137 cP = 0.02751143 lb/ft. jam
Q = 259,91 m3/jam
Q = 153,087 cfm = 2,55145 ft3/s
Heat Capacity Ratio (k)
Nilai heat capacity masing-masing komponen :
Komponen A B C D E
H2 25.399 0.020178 -3.9E-05 3.19E-08 -8.8E-12
H2O 33.933 -0.00842 2.99E-05 -1.8E-08 3.69E-12
CO 29.556 -0.00658 2.01E-05 -1.2E-08 2.26E-12
CO2 27.437 0.042315 -2E-05 4E-09 -3E-13
CH4 34.942 -0.03996 0.000192 -1.5E-07 3.93E-11
N2 29.342 -0.00354 1.01E-05 -4.3E-09 2.59E-13
Cp = 30,40342 J/mol.K.
Cp-Cv = R
R = 8,314 J/mol.K
Cp 30,40342
k= = = 1,376379
Cv 22,08942
Jenis Pompa
Beda tekanan (∆𝑃) = 50 bar – 30 bar
= 20 bar
= 290,08 psi
Dari gambar diatas, dapat dilihat bahwa kompresor yang digunakan adalah
kompresor jenis Reciprocating.
Compressibility Factor :
Z =1
Head Pompa Polytropic :
𝑍𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 (𝑁−1)/𝑁
𝐻𝑃𝐿 = [( ) − 1]
(𝑁 − 1)/𝑁 𝑃1
N = Eksponen Politropik
𝑁−1 𝐾−1
=
𝑁 𝐾𝐸𝑃
Ep = Effisiensi Politropik
𝑍𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 (𝑁−1)/𝑁
𝐻𝑃𝐿 = [( ) − 1]
(𝑁 − 1)/𝑁 𝑃1
T1 = 38oC
= 560,07oR
R = 1,544/mol. Wt
1(1,544)(560,07) 50 (1,5738−1)/1,5738
𝐻𝑃𝐿 = [( ) − 1]
(1,5738 − 1)/1,5738 30
Hpoly = 485,549
𝐹𝐻𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦
HP = 𝐸𝑝 33000
1368,468(485,549)
= (0,75) 33000
= 26,84 Hp = 20,01 kW
𝑃 (𝑘−1)/𝑘 50 (1,376379−1)/1,376379
X = [(𝑃2 ) − 1 ] = [(30) − 1] = 0,149915
1
= 7,344 ft/s
Reynold Number (NRe)
𝐼𝐷 𝑥 𝑣 𝑥 𝜌
NRe = (Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.5-1)
µ
(0,665057) 𝑥 (7,344) 𝑥 (9,851849)
= 7,642 x 10−6
sehingga
7,3442
= (2,58) 2(32,174)
= 2,1627 lbf.ft/lbm
Friksi yang Disebabkan Konstraksi Pipa (hc)
𝑣2 𝐴2
hc = 𝐾𝑐 2𝛼𝑔 ; dimana Kc = 0,55 (1 − 𝐴1)
𝑐
7.3442
= 0,55 2(1)(32,174)
= 0,461 lbf.ft/lbm
Friksi yang Disebabkan Ekspansi Pipa (hex)
v2 A2
hex = Kex 2αg ; dimana Kex = (1 − A1)
c
Untuk aliran turbulen, α = 1. Diasumsikan A2 < A1, maka A2/A1 = 0 (Geankoplis,
1993).
Kex = (1 − 0) = 1
v2
hex = 𝐾𝑒𝑥 2αg (Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.10-15)
c
7.3442
= 1 2(1)(32,174)
= 0,838 lbf.ft/lbm
Total Friksi (ΣF) = Ff +hf + hc+ hex [Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.10-18]
= (1,7368) + (2,1627) + (0,4610) + (0,8382)
= 5,1988 lbf.ft/lbm
LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN
Nama Alat Expander 1 Kode Alat
Menurunkan tekanan Gas Alam yang diumpan ke
Fungsi
Desulfurizer E-101
Tipe Turbin
1 2 3
E-101 HE-101
Natural Gas
A-101
Data Perancangan :
Tekanan 1 (P1) = 50 bar
Tekanan 2 (P2) = 30 bar
Temperature In (T1) = 50oC
= 323 K
Laju alir massa = 20601,22 kg/jam
= 756,0648 lb/min
Densitas campuran = 800.7086 kg/m3
Viskositas campuran = 0.012071 cP = 0.029200139 lb/ft.jam
Q = 28,30161 m3/jam
Q = 16,669 cfm = 0,27782 ft3/s
Heat Capacity Ratio (k)
Nilai heat capacity masing-masing komponen :
Komponen A B C D E
CH4 34.942 -0.03996 0.000192 -1.5E-07 3.93E-11
C2H6 28.146 0.04345 0.000189 -1.9E-07 5.33E-11
C3H8 28.277 0.116 0.000196 -2.3E-07 6.87E-11
C4H10 20.056 0.28153 -1.3E-05 -9.5E-08 3.14E-11
C5H12 26.671 0.32324 4.28E-05 -1.7E-07 5.6E-11
C6H14 25.924 0.41927 -1.3E-05 -1.6E-07 5.88E-11
CO2 27.437 0.042315 -2E-05 4E-09 -3E-13
H2S 33.878 -0.01122 5.26E-05 -3.8E-08 9.03E-12
N2 29.342 -0.00354 1.01E-05 -4.3E-09 2.59E-13
H2O 33.933 -0.00842 2.99E-05 -1.8E-08 3.69E-12
Cp = 38,36509 J/mol.K.
Cp-Cv = R
R = 8,314 J/mol.K
Cp 38,36509
k= = = 1,2766
Cv 30,05109
= 4,0440 ft/s
Reynold Number (NRe)
𝐼𝐷 𝑥 𝑣 𝑥 𝜌
NRe = (Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.5-1)
µ
(0,2956) 𝑥 (4,0440) 𝑥 (49,98664)
= 8,111 x 10−6
sehingga
4,04402
= (1,83) 2(32,174)
= 0,4651 lbf.ft/lbm
4,04402
= 0,55 2(1)(32,174)
= 0,1397 lbf.ft/lbm
= 0,2541 lbf.ft/lbm
Total Friksi (ΣF) = Ff +hf + hc+ hex [Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.10-18]
= (1,3537) + (0,4651) + (0,1397) + (0,2541)
= 2,2128 lbf.ft/lbm
−𝑊𝑠 𝑥 𝑚
𝐵𝐻𝑃 =
η 𝑥 550
107,3756𝑥 12,60
𝐵𝐻𝑃 =
0,85 𝑥 550
BHP = 2,89 Hp
Dari Gambar 14.38 (Peters & Timmerhaus, 2003) dengan daya pompa, BHP =
2,89 hp maka diperoleh efesiensi motor (ηm) = 83%
BHP 2,89
𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 = = = 3,48 Hp = 2595,036 watt
ηm 0,83
LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN
Nama Alat Expander 2 Kode Alat
Menurunkan Tekanan Aliran Output Reaktor
Fungsi
Metanol yang diumpankan ke Separator E-301
Tipe Turbin
13
E-301
14
S-301
Data Perancangan :
Tekanan 1 (P1) = 50 bar
Tekanan 2 (P2) = 20 bar
Temperature In (T1) = 250oC
= 523 K
Laju alir massa = 37288,22 kg/jam
= 1368,478 lb/min
Densitas campuran = 193,204 kg/m3
Viskositas campuran = 0.015991 cP = 0.038684749 lb/ft.jam
Faktor Keamanan = 10%
Laju Alir Total
Ftotal = Laju alir massa x (1+ faktor keamanan)
= 37288,22 x (1+10%) = 41017,04 kg/jam
Laju Volumetrik (Q) :
𝐹
Q =𝜌
41017,04 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚
Q =
193,204 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Q = 212,2991 m3/jam
Q = 125,04 cfm = 2,08407 ft3/s
Heat Capacity Ratio (k)
Nilai heat capacity masing-masing komponen :
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.046 -0.0383 0.000245 -2.2E-07 5.99E-11
H2 25.399 0.020178 -3.9E-05 3.19E-08 -8.8E-12
H2O 33.933 -0.00842 2.99E-05 -1.8E-08 3.69E-12
CO 29.556 -0.00658 2.01E-05 -1.2E-08 2.26E-12
CO2 27.437 0.042315 -2E-05 4E-09 -3E-13
CH4 34.942 -0.03996 0.000192 -1.5E-07 3.93E-11
N2 29.342 -0.00354 1.01E-05 -4.3E-09 2.59E-13
Cp = 52,3285 J/mol.K.
Cp-Cv = R
R = 8,314 J/mol.K
Cp 52,3285
k= = = 1,188
Cv 44,01458
= 5,999 ft/s
Reynold Number (NRe)
𝐼𝐷 𝑥 𝑣 𝑥 𝜌
NRe = (Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.5-1)
µ
(0,665057) 𝑥 (5,999) 𝑥 (12,06134)
= 1,07458 x 10−5
sehingga
5,9992
= (2,62) 2(32,174)
= 1,4653 lbf.ft/lbm
5,9992
= 0,55 2(1)(32,174)
= 0,3076 lbf.ft/lbm
5,9992
= 1 2(1)(32,174)
= 0,559 lbf.ft/lbm
Total Friksi (ΣF) = Ff +hf + hc+ hex [Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.10-18]
= (1,27467) + (1,4653) + (0,3076) + (0,559)
= 3,60687 lbf.ft/lbm
−Ws x m
BHP =
η x 550
307,3916 x 22,80797
BHP =
0,85 x 550
BHP = 14,99 Hp
Dari Gambar 14.38 (Peters & Timmerhaus, 2003) dengan daya pompa, BHP =
14,99 hp maka diperoleh efesiensi motor (ηm) = 87%
BHP 14,99
𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 = = = 17,23 Hp = 12,85 kW
ηm 0,87
LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN
Nama Alat Expander 3 Kode Alat
Menurunkan Tekanan Aliran Produk Bawah
Fungsi
Separator yang diumpankan ke Distilator E-401
Tipe Turbin
18
E-91
D-401
17
16
E-401
Data Perancangan :
Tekanan 1 (P1) = 20 bar
Tekanan 2 (P2) = 1 bar
Temperature In (T1) = 38oC
= 311 K
Laju alir massa = 26169,37 kg/jam
= 960,4157 lb/min
Densitas campuran = 783.8011 kg/m3
Viskositas campuran = 0.005541 cP = 0.013403339 lb/ft.jam
Faktor Keamanan = 10%
Laju Alir Total
Ftotal = Laju alir massa x (1+ faktor keamanan)
= 26169,37 x (1+10%) = 28786,3 kg/jam
Laju Volumetrik (Q) :
𝐹
Q =𝜌
28786,3 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚
Q = 783.8011 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Q = 36,7266 m3/jam
Q = 21,632 cfm = 0,36053 ft3/s
Cp = 80,7491 J/mol.K.
Cp-Cv = R
R = 8,314 J/mol.K
Cp 80,7491
k= = = 1,1147
Cv 72,4351
= 4,07842 ft/s
Reynold Number (NRe)
𝐼𝐷 𝑥 𝑣 𝑥 𝜌
NRe = (Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.5-1)
µ
(0,33549) 𝑥 (4,07842) 𝑥 (48,93114)
= 3,7231 x 10−6
sehingga
4,078422
= (2,7) 2 x 32,174
= 0,6979 lbf.ft/lbm
Friksi yang Disebabkan Konstraksi Pipa (hc)
𝑣2 𝐴2
hc = 𝐾𝑐 2𝛼𝑔 ; dimana Kc = 0,55 (1 − 𝐴1)
𝑐
4,078422
= 0,55 2 x1 x 32,174
= 0,1421 lbf.ft/lbm
4,078422
= 1 2 x1 x 32,174
= 0,2584 lbf.ft/lbm
Total Friksi (ΣF) = Ff +hf + hc+ hex [Geankoplis, 1993 : Pers. 2.10-18]
= (1,5925) + (0,6979) + (0,1421) + (0,2584)
= 2,6911 lbf.ft/lbm
−𝑊𝑠 𝑥 𝑚
𝐵𝐻𝑃 =
η 𝑥 550
318,981 𝑥 16,0069
𝐵𝐻𝑃 =
0,85 𝑥 550
BHP = 10,92 Hp
Dari Gambar 14.38 (Peters & Timmerhaus, 2003) dengan daya pompa, BHP =
10,92 hp maka diperoleh efesiensi motor (ηm) = 86%
BHP 10,92
𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 = = = 12,69 Hp = 9,47 kW
ηm 0,86