Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe‘s Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation & Sterilization
Flashback Sterilization
1847, Ignaz Semmelweiss, hand
hygiene concept
Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe‘s Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation & Sterilization
6
7
Sejarah CSSD
Pan American Health Organization Sterilization Manual for Health Centers Washington, D.C.:
PAHO, © 2009
Sterilization at 1970’s
• Pada akhir 1970 tujuan sterilisasi
sentral disepakati, pelayanan
untuk meningkatkan
pelayanan pada pasien dan
memberikan standar tinggi untuk
praktek kedokteran.
Pan American Health Organization Sterilization Manual for Health Centers Washington, D.C.:
PAHO, © 2009
Sejarah CSSD di Indonesia
Sebelum tahun 1983
• Beberapa RS kelas A dan B sudah memiliki
unit kerja CSSD , pada umumnya Kepala
CSSD seorang Perawat dibawah supervisi
Bidang Perawatan Rumah Sakit
K. Kendall, 2003
CSSD bukan Pekerjaan yang Sederhana
Getinge, GETINGE solutions Central Sterile Processing/CSSD & Point-of-use Sterile Processing/TSSU
Rodger YU
Chairman HONG KONG Sterile Services Management Association Ltd. (HKSSMA)
Automation Era
• Pelayanan sterilisasi
merupakan bagian dari
Hospital Pharmacy
Perawat melakukan
pembersihan
Perawat melakukan
pelipatan kapas dan
kasa
Perawat juga melakukan
pemrosesan instrumen,
memasukkan ke dalam
drum dan siap
disterilkan di CSSD
Manual Operation Era
• Di Kamar Operasi
Perawat melakukan
persiapan instrumen
bedah
Melakukan sterilisasi
flash
Kegiatan dilakukan di
ruang yang
berdekatan dengan
kamar operasi
Automation Era
• 1972, Petugas Sterilisasi Sentral dikirim keluar
negeri (UK) untuk mendapatkan standar terbaik
Norman Lu, 3M
AAMI ST 79
American National Standard
• Digunakan sebagai
standar JCI
• Berisi:
– Design CSSD
– Personel / SDM
– Kegiatan di CSSD
– Quality Control
AAMI ST41 Ethylene Oxide Sterilization
Indicators
ISO 11140 Chemical ISO 11138 Biological
Indicators Indicators
CDC - WHO
APSIC 2016
Pedoman Sterilisasi di Rumah Sakit
• Pembersihan
• Disinfeksi
• Pengeringan
• Pengemasan
• Sterilisasi
• Inkubasi Indikator Biologis
• Distribusi
Information Technology Era
• Sejak 2010
• Akreditasi Rumah Sakit menggunakan standar dari
Australia membuat revolusi di CSSD. Hospital Accreditation exercise
through Australian Council on Healthcare Standards (ACH) has initiated CSSD service revolution
• Audit Proses
• Audit Outcome
• Monitoring & Tracking
– Material
– Machine
– Method
– Money
– Man
Image for Surgical Instrument Set
Trend Perkembangan
Pelayanan Laundry
Perkembangan Laundry
Pencucian di Sungai
Revolusi Industri:
Mesin Pencuci
Revolusi Industri:
Laundry Leicester 1904
Revolusi Industri:
Fergus Falls Minnesotta 1924
Revolusi Industri:
Northampton General 1930
Trend Perkembangan Laundry
Penanganan Linen Kotor
• Semua linen diproses dengan standar tinggi yang sama.
Pemrosesan air panas
• Standar precaution pada semua jenis linen kotor
• Meminimalkan kontak petugas laundry dengan semua
jenis linen kotor
• Linen kotor ditangani dengan hati-hati untuk mencegah
kontaminasi lingkungan
• Linen bersih dikirimkan dengan metode yang
menghindari kontaminasi debu dan mikroorganisme
Usulan Penanganan Linen:
John Scherberger, CHESP, REH
• Jangan pernah membawa linen kotor atau linen bersih
bersentuhan dengan baju kerja. Never carry clean or soiled textiles
against a uniform
• Jangan pernah membawa linen kotor atau linen bersih
dengan tangan kosong. Never carry clean or contaminated textiles cradled
in unclothed arms
• Jangan pernah meletakkan linen bersih di luar ruangan atau
pada lemari di luar ruangan karena resiko kontaminasi. Never
stage clean textiles outside of a room or on a shelf outside of a room because
contaminated surfaces abound
• Selalu pastikan linen tersimpan dalam lemari yang tertutup,
bahkan dalam ruangan yang bersih. Always ensure that textiles are
stored on shelving units that are covered — even in clean storage rooms, textiles should
always be covered.
CDC 2007:
Guideline for Isolation Precautions:
Preventing Transmission of Infectious
Agents in Healthcare Settings
Penggunaan di
poin of use
Jantung
Rumah Sakit
Accreditation Standards Laundry 2011
Surgical Pack Assembly Room
Standards
AAMI ST 65: 2000
1. Physical Facilities: Surgical
Pack Assembly Area/Room
2. Surgical Pack Assembly Room
Entry and Admission
3. Surgical Textile Assembly
Process
4. Preparation and Wrapping of
Surgical Textiles
5. Storage and Transportation of
Surgical Textile Packs
6. Surgical Textile Pack Assembly
Room Personnel
Accreditation Standards Laundry 2006
Accreditation Standards Laundry 2006
Basic Textile Processing Cycle
1. Textile Control Procedures 1. Handling, Collection and
2. Facilities Transportation of Soiled
3. Contingency Planning Healthcare Textiles
4. Personnel and Hiring 2. Sorting
Procedures 3. Washing, Extraction and Drying
5. Occupational Safety and 4. Finishing
Hygiene 5. Packaging and Storage
6. Training 6. Delivery of Cleaned Healthcare
7. Quality Control and Process Textiles
Monitoring
8. Customer Service
Accreditation Standards Laundry 2011
Accreditation Standards Laundry 2011
Basic Elements The Textile Processing Cycle
1. Textile Control Procedures 1. Handling, Collection and
Transportation of Soiled
2. Laundry Facilities
Healthcare Textiles
3. Contingency Planning
2. Sorting
4. Laundry Equipment
3. Washing and Extraction
5. Laundry Personnel
4. Drying
6. Laundry Customers
5. Finishing
7. Quality Assessment
6. Storage
7. Delivery of Cleaned Healthcare
Textiles
HLAC 2016
The Healthcare Laundry Accreditation Council
Laundry
• Masuk dalam kegiatan Pencegahan dan
Pengendalian Infeksi (PPI)