PEMODELAN GEOLOGI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PADA DAERAH

HORDA PLATFORM BERDASARKAN DATA SEISMIK 3D DAN WELL SEISMIC

TIE

SKRIPSI

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK GEOLOGI

Oleh:

Larasati Pinanjar Putri

H1C016005

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI
PURWOKERTO
2020

i
PEMODELAN GEOLOGI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PADA DAERAH
HORDA PLATFORM BERDASARKAN DATA SEISMIK 3D DAN WELL SEISMIC
TIE

SKRIPSI

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK GEOLOGI

Oleh:

Larasati Pinanjar Putri

H1C016005

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI

PURWOKERTO

2020
ii
PEMODELAN GEOLOGI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PADA DAERAH
HORDA PLATFORM BERDASARKAN DATA SEISMIK 3D DAN WELL SEISMIC
TIE

SKRIPSI

Oleh:

Larasati Pinanjar Putri

H1C016005

Disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Teknik pada Jurusan Teknik Geologi Fakultas Teknik

Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI

PURWOKERTO

2020
iii
 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

SKRIPSI

PEMODELAN GEOLOGI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PADA DAERAH

HORDA PLATFORM BERDASARKAN DATA SEISMIK 3D DAN WELL SEISMIC
TIE
GEOLOGICAL MODELING OF SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES IN THE HORDA
PLATFORM AREA BASED ON 3D SEISMIC DATA AND WELL SEISMIC TIE

Diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik
pada Program Studi Teknik Geologi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Oleh:

Larasati Pinanjar Putri

H1C016005

Mengetahui:

Ketua Jurusan Teknik Geologi

Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Adi Chandra, S.T.,M.T

NIP. 198003062008121002

iv
 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL..............................................................................................................i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN.................................................................................................iv

DAFTAR ISI..........................................................................................................................v

DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................................vii

BAB I . PENDAHULUAN.....................................................................................................1

I.1. Latar Belakang.................................................................................................................1

I.2. Rumusan Masalah............................................................................................................2

I.3. Maksud dan Tujuan..........................................................................................................2

I.4. Batasan Masalah...............................................................................................................2

I.5. Lokasi Penelitian.............................................................................................................3

I.6. Peneliti Terdahulu............................................................................................................4

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.........................................................................................5

II.1. Geologi Regional............................................................................................................6

II.1.1. Fisiografi Regional..........................................................................................6

II.1.2. Stratigrafi Regional..........................................................................................6

II.1.3. Struktur Geologi Regional.............................................................................14

II.2. Metode Seismik Refleksi..............................................................................................16

II.2.1. Prinsip Dasar Metode Seismik.......................................................................16

II.2.1.1. Hukum Snellius................................................................................16

II.2.2. Komponen Seismik Refleksi..........................................................................17

II.2.3. Impedansi Akustik dan Koefisien Refleksi...................................................17

II.2.4. Polaritas Seismik............................................................................................18

II.2.5. Jenis-jenis Wavelet Seismik...........................................................................20

v
II.3. Logging........................................................................................................................21

II.3.1. Log Gamma Ray (GR)..................................................................................21

II.3.2. Log Neutron (NPHI).....................................................................................22

II.3.3. Log Densitas (RHOB)...................................................................................23

II.3.4. Log Resistivitas.............................................................................................24

II.3.5. Log Kapiler....................................................................................................25

II.4. Sintetik Seismogram.....................................................................................................26

II.5. Interpretasi Seismik......................................................................................................26

II.5.1. Well Seismic Tie.............................................................................................26

II.5.2. Picking Horizon serta Picking Fault.............................................................27

II.5.3. Peta Struktur Waktu.......................................................................................27

II.6. Pengukuran Kecepatan Secara Langsung......................................................................27

II.6.1. Sonic Log.......................................................................................................27

II.6.2. Checkshot.......................................................................................................28

II.6.3. Konversi Waktu Menjadi Kedalaman............................................................28

BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN..................................................................................31

III.1. Diagram Alir Penelitian...............................................................................................31

III.2. Pengolahan Data Tahap Interpretasi...........................................................................31

III.2.1. Well Seismik Tie................................................................................................31

III.2.2. Picking Horizon dan Picking Fault..................................................................32

III.2.3. Gridding Surface..............................................................................................32

III.2.4. Time to Depth Conversion...............................................................................33

III.2.5. Ketebalan Tuning (Tuning Thickness).............................................................33

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

vi
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Lokasi penelitian pada Lapangan Gjøa (modifikasi dari www.npd.no)....... 3

Gambar 2. Lokasi Horda Platform (modifikasi dari www.npd.no).................................5

Gambar 3. Penampang Seismik Horda Platform (CGG, 2015).......................................6

Gambar 4. Krono dan Litostratigrafi di Laut Utara bagian utara, dari periode Trias
hingga Tersier Awal. (Redrawn setelah Bolle, 1992).......................................................7

Gambar 5. Representasi skematis dari endapan Cromer Knoll dan Shetland selama
Zaman Kapur. (Skibeli et al., 1995)……………………………………………………10

Gambar 6. Tinjauan regional dan pembagian internal Laut Utara bagian utara
(Christiansson et al. 2000)……………………………………………………………...15

Gambar 7. Hukum Snellius, Penjalaran Sinar Gelombang Melalui Medium Berbeda..17

Gambar 8. Komponen Dasar Tras Seismik (Abdullah,2011)........................................17

Gambar 9. Koefisien Refleksi Sudut Datang Nol menggunakan Wavelet Zero Phase
(Sukmono,2000)..............................................................................................................18

Gambar 10. Polaritas (American dan European) bentuk Wavelet Zero Phase dan
Minimum Phase. Puncak (peak) dalam warna biru dan lembah (trough) dalam warna
merah. Konvensi polaritas SEG Reverse sama dengan American Polarity, yaitu
kenaikan AI ditunjukkan pada puncak (peak amplitude) (Brown, 2004)………………19

Gambar 11. Polaritas Normal dan Terbalik Menurut SEG (a) Minimum Phase (b) Zero
Phase (Sukmono,1999)....................................................................................................20

Gambar 12. Jenis-jenis Wavelet 1) Zero Phase Wavelet, 2) Maximum Phase Wavelet,
3) Minimum Phase Wavelet, 4) Mixed Phase Wavelet (Sismanto,2006)........................21

Gambar 13. Respon dari log gamma ray dan spektral gamma ray
(Malcolm,2002).....22

Gambar 14. Kurva log densitas (Laurent Moniard, 2007).............................................24

Gambar 15. Kenampakan khas dari respon log kaliper (Rider, 2000)...........................26

Gambar 16. Seismogram Sintetik yang Diperoleh dari Konvolusi RC dan Wavelet
(Sukmono, 2000).............................................................................................................26

vii
Gambar 17. Survey Checkshot dengan Melakukan Pengukuran Waktu Gelombang
Seismik pada Geophone yang Diletakkan Di Lubang Bor (Veeken, 2007)....................28

Gambar 18. Apparent Structure dan True Structure......................................................29

Gambar 19. Diagram Alir Penelitian.............................................................................31

viii