PROSEDUR PERENCANAAN KAPAL

TAHAPAN PROSES PRA-PERENCANAAN

1. BASIC DESIGN
* CONCEPT DESIGN
* PRELIMINARY DESIGN

2. CONTRACT DESIGN

3. DETAIL DESIGN
 BASIC DESIGN

CONCEPT DESIGN

MENTERJEMAHKAN GENERAL REQUIREMENT KEDALAM

PARAMETER DASAR PERENCANAAN KAPAL

PERLUNYA FEASIBILITY STUDY

 BASIC DESIGN
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
PEMERIKSAAN DIKAITKAN DENGAN BIAYA
MENENTUKAN UKURAN KAPAL DAN KONFIGURASI
KESELURUHAN
MEMILIH SISTEM UTAMA KAPAL
MENGUKUR PERFORMA KAPAL
MENGURANGI ATAU MENGELIMINASI RESIKO TENTANG
HAL TEKNIS, BIAYA, DAN PENJADWALAN.
MENYARING MODAL DAN PERKIRAAN BIAYA OPERASI
MENENTUKAN PERENCANAAN SESUAI BUILD STRATEGY
 BASIC DESIGN
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
Beberapa contoh dari permasalahan yang berkaitan pada tahap ini:
Perbandingan ukuran utama kapal (L/B, B/D, ect.)
Bentuk lambung (transom atau cruiser stern, dengan bulb bous
bow atau tanpa bulb bous bow, topside flare atau tumblehome)
Rencana umum
Sistem penggerak utama kapal
Lokasi dan ukuran deckhouse
Payload
Konfigurasi struktur lambung
Jumlah kru
 BASIC DESIGN

SCOPE OF BASIC DESIGN

ESTIMASI : DISPLACEMENT, MAIN DIMENSION,

LINESPLAN, POWER CALCULATION, GENERAL

ARRANGEMENT, STABILITAS, STRUCTURE, WEIGHT

CALCULATION, COST
 CONTRACT DESIGN
CONTRACT DESIGN:
TAHAP MENGHITUNG LEBIH TELITI HULL FORM ATAU BENTUK BADAN
KAPAL DENGAN MEMPERBAIKI :
LINESPLAN DENGAN TENAGA PENGGERAK DENGAN MEMAKAI
MODEL TEST , SEAKEEPING DAN MANOUVERING
CHARACTERISTIC ,
PENGARUH JUMLAH PROP. TERHADAP BADAN KAPAL ,
DETAIL KONSTRUKSI , PEMAKAIAN JENIS BAJA , JARAK & TIPE
GADING.
ESTIMASI BERAT & TIDAK BERAT YANG DIHITUNG
BERDASARKAN POSISI & BERAT MASING-MASING ITEM DARI
KONSTRUKSI.
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DETAIL DIBUAT JUGA PADA TAHAP
INI. KEPASTIAN : KAPASITAS, PERMESINAN, GUDANG, BAHAN
BAKAR, AIR TAWAR, RUANG-RUANG AKOMODASI.
SPESIFIKASI RENCANA STANDAR KUALITAS DARI BAGIAN
BADAN KAPAL SERTA PERALATAN.
URAIAN MENGENAI METODE PENGETESAN DAN PERCOBAAN
SEHINGGA AKAN DIDAPATKAN KEPASTIAN KONDISI KAPAL
YANG SEBAIKNYA
 CONTRACT DESIGN
DOKUMEN KONTRAK PEMBANGUNAN
EVALUASI DISERTAI DENGAN PENGUJIAN
DETAIL BERAT & TITIK BERAT, GENERAL ARRANGEMENT,
SPESIFIKASI STANDAR KUALITAS, METODE PENGUJIAN

SCOPE OF CONTRACT DESIGN

HULL SECTION
LINES PLAN, STABILITAS, GENERAL ARRANGEMENT, DETAIL
KONSTRUKSI & KEKUATAN MEMANJANG, CAPACITY PLAN

MACHINERY SECTION
HEAT BALANCE, LAY OUT MACHINERY ROOM, MACHINERY SYSTEM
PLAN DIAGRAM, HULL PIPING SYSTEM, VENTILATION, AC, PROPELLER

ELECTRICAL SECTION
POWER & LIGHTING SYSTEM, GENERAL LOAD ANALYSIS, WIRING
DIAGRAM, DETAIL OF ELECTRICAL SPESIFICATION
 DETAIL DESIGN
THE FINAL STAGE OF SHIP DESIGN IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF
DETAILED WORKING PLAN (GAMBAR KERJA).
HASILNYA ADALAH BERISI PETUNJUK ATAU INTRUKSI
MENGENAI INSTALASI DAN DETAIL KONSTRUKSI PADA :
FITTERS (TUKANG PASANG),
WILDERS (TUKANG LAS),
OUTFITTERS (TUKANG PERLENGKAPAN),
METAL WORKERS (TUKANG PLAT),
MACHINERY VENDORS (PENJUAL MESIN),
PIPE FITTERS (TUKANG PIPA), DAN LAIN-LAINNYA.
 DETAIL DESIGN
WORKING / YARD PLAN
PERINTAH / INSTRUKSI KERJA
CUTTER, WELDER, OUT FITTER, MACHINERY FENDOR

SCOPE OF DETAIL DESIGN

FAIRING THE LINES
PLATING MODEL
PERCOBAAN MODEL ( PROPELLER, TAHANAN)
DETAIL WEIGHT CALCULATION
LAUNCHING CALCULATION
URUT-URUTAN TEST (SEA TRIAL)
PETUNJUK OPERASI PERLENGKAPAN KAPAL (SAFETY
EQUIPMENT)
 FLOWCHART MANUAL DESIGN
PERFORMANCE
START A HIDROSTATIC TERPENUHI

DESIGN CONDITION
FRAME SYSTEM

PRINCIPAL DIEMSION (ESTIMATION)

LINES PLAN

SPEED POWER PREDICTION

DRAFT MEMENUHI SYARAT

KECEPATAN TERCAPAI ?

FREEBOARD CALCULATION
LIGHT WEIGHT ESTIMATION

DEAD WEIGHT ESTIMATION DISPL = LWT + DWT ?

 FLOWCHART MANUAL DESIGN
PERFORMANCE
B
G/A
A
PERHITUNGAN TERPENUHI ?

WATER TIGHT BHD

TRIM, STABILITY & LONG STRENGTH

FLOODABLE LENGTH CALCULATION

LIGHT WEIGHT CALC & DISTRIB
C
PERHITUNGAN TERPENUHI CROSS CURVE OF STABILITY CALC

CAPACITY PLAN / TANK PERHITUNGAN SESUAI

KAPASITAS TERPENUHI TONAGE CALCULATION

 FLOWCHART MANUAL DESIGN
PERFORMANCE

PERLU PERHIT PELUNCURAN ?

LAUNCHING CALCULATION

INCLINING TEST
STOP

MEMPENGARUHI PERHIT SEBELUMNYA PENYUSUNAN LOADING MANUAL

 CONTRACT DESIGN

STANDARD CONTRACT :
1. AWES : ASSOCIATION OF WEST EUROPEAN
SHIPBUILDERS
2. MARAD : MARITIME ADMINSTRATION USA
3. SAJ : SHIPOWNERS ASSOCIATION OF
JAPAN
 DESCRIPTION OF AWES

1. SUBJECT OF CONTRACT
2. INSPECTION & APPROVAL
3. MODIFICATIONS
4. TRIALS
5. GUARANTEE
6. DELIVERY
7. PRICE
8. PROPERTY
9. INSURANCE
10. DEFAULT BY THE CONTRACTOR
11. GUARANTEE AFTER DELIVERY
12. CONTRACT EXPENSES
13. PATENTS
14. REFERENCE TO EXPERT & ARBITRATION
15. CONDITION FOR CONTRACT
16. LEGAL DOMICILE ( OF PURCHASER )
17. ASSIGMNET
 SHIP CONTRACT

JENIS PEMBAYARAN :
1. 10 % : SIGNING CONTRACT
2. 10 % : ARRIVAL OF MATERIALS ON SITE
3. 10 % : KEEL LAYING
4. 20 % : LAUNCHING
5. 50 % : DELIVERY
PROSES PERENCANAAN
(SPIRAL DESIGN)
DISTRIBUSI GAMBAR KERJA DI PT. PAL

SHIP PERFORMANCE

KEY PLAN OWNER

YARD PLAN CLASS

PRODUCTION DRAWING ELECTRICAL OUTFITTING

MACHINERY OUTFITTING ACCOMODATION DIVISION / QA

BENGKEL BENGKEL BENGKEL

 DISTRIBUSI GAMBAR KERJA DI PT. PAL

1. SHIP PERFORMANCE

2. KEYPLAN

3. YARDPLAN

4. GAMBAR KERJA ( PD, MO, EO & QA )

 SHIP PERFORMANCE

1. LINESPLAN + DATA OFFSET

2. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
3. INNER CONTOUR
4. TANK CONDITION
5. STABILITAS
6. FREEBOARD CALCULATION
7. LIGHT WEIGHT ESTIMATION
 KEY PLAN

1. MIDSHIP SECTION
2. STEEL PLAN
3. TRANSVERSAL BULKHEAD
4. SHELL EXPANTION
5. BLOCK DIVISION
6. MATERIAL ESTIMATION
7. DOCKING PLAN
8. X-RAY PLAN / POSITION
 YARD PLAN

1. FORE CONSTRUCTION
2. CARGO HOLD CONSTRUCTION
# CARGO HOLD FORE CONSTRUCTION
# CARGO HOLD MIDDLE CONSTRUCTION
# CARGO HOLD AFT CONSTRUCTION
3. E/R CONSTRUCTION
# DOUBLE BOTTOM IN E/R CONSTRUCTION
# SIDE SHELL IN E/R CONSTRUCTION
4. AFT CONSTRUCTION
5. ACCOMODATION CONSTRUCTION
6. RUDDER CONSTRUCTION
7. LIGHT WEIGHT CALCULATION
 PRODUCTION DRAWING

1. WORKING DRAWING
2. MATERIAL LIST
3. MARKING LIST
4. PIECE DRAWING
5. NESTING PLAN
6. STEEL LIST
7. JIG INFORMATION
8. BENDING TEMPLATE
# RAMBU BENDING
# INVERS BENDING