Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Minggu Lalu
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
z
ϕ
γ b = Ka × γ × h
1 2
h
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
Ka adalah koefisien tekanan tanah
h/3
aktif Rankine
𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 𝝋
Kah 𝑲𝒂 =
𝟏 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋
= 𝒕𝒈𝟐 𝟒𝟓𝟎 −
𝟐
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Contoh soal
Sebuah dinding penahan tanah seperti diperlihatkan pada gambar di bawah ini.
c=0
ϕ =300
9m
γ = 1.6 t/m3
Penyelesaian
c=0
ϕ =300
1 2
9m
γ = 1.6 t/m3
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
h/3
Kah
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑𝟎
𝑲𝒂 = =
𝟏 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 𝟏 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑𝟎
𝑲𝒂 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟑
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
1 2
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
1
𝑃𝑎 = 1.6 × 92 × 0.333 = 21.38 𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚
2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
c=0
ϕ =300
9m
γ = 1.6 t/m3
𝑃𝑎 =21.38 ton
3m
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Latihan soal
Sebuah dinding penahan tanah seperti diperlihatkan pada gambar di bawah ini.
c=0
ϕ =300
4m
γ = 17.2kN/m3
Penyelesaian
1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛30
𝐾𝑎 = =
1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛30
𝐾𝑎 = 0.333
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
𝑏 = 𝛾ℎ𝐾𝑎
Penyelesaian
1 2
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
1
𝑃𝑎 = 17.2 × 42 × 0.333 = 45,4𝑘𝑁/𝑚
2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
c=0
ϕ =300
4m
γ = 17.2 kN/m3
𝑃𝑎 =45.4 kN/m
1.33 m
22.72kN/m2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
z
ϕ
maka tekanan tanah pasif pada
1 2 γ
dinding penahan tanah:
𝑃𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑝
2 1 2
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2 1 2
𝑃𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑝
2
h/3
h1
h1/3
z
ϕ
1 2 γ b = Kp × γ × h
𝑃𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑝
2 1 2
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
Kp adalah koefisien
h/3
h1
Rankine
Kph1 Kah
1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 𝜑
𝐾𝑝 = = 𝑡𝑔2 450 +
1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
c=0
ϕ≠0
1 2 β≠0
𝑃𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑝 Ka adalah koefisien
2 1
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾𝑎 tekanan tanah aktif
2 Rankine
h/3
h1
h1/3
β
𝑐𝑜𝑠β − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑
Kph1 Kah 𝐾𝑎 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠β
𝑐𝑜𝑠β + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑
c=0
ϕ≠0
1 2 β≠0
𝑃𝑝 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑝 Kp adalah koefisien
2 1
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾𝑎 tekanan tanah pasif
2 Rankine
h/3
h1
h1/3
β
𝑐𝑜𝑠β + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑
Kph1 Kah 𝐾𝑝 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠β
𝑐𝑜𝑠β − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑
Contoh soal
β
c=0
ϕ = 300
β = 150
5m
𝑃𝑎
h/3
β
Dinding penahan tanah seperti tergambar. Tanah urug berupa tanah pasir dengan
γ=17.8kN/m, ϕ=300, dan miring sebesar β=150. Tentukan tekanan tanah aktif total
dan titik tangkap gaya dengan cara Rankine
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
ϕ=300, β=150
𝐾𝑎 = 0.373
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
1 2
𝑃𝑎 = 𝛾ℎ 𝐾𝑎
2
1
𝑃𝑎 = 17.8 × 52 × 0.373 = 83 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
c=0
ϕ = 300
β = 150
5m
150
1.67m
β
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
hc
+ =
h
b1=Kah 𝑏2 = 2𝑐 𝐾𝑎
Kah − 2𝑐 𝐾𝑎
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
𝑃𝑎 = Kah − 2𝑐ℎ 𝐾𝑎 2𝑐
ℎ𝑐 =
𝛾 𝑘𝑎
Contoh Soal
c=20 kN/m2
4m
ϕ = 100
γ = 18 kN/m3
Diketahui Dinding penahan tanah seperti tergambar. Tanah urug berupa tanah
berupa tanah lanau berlempung dengan c=20 kN/m2 γ=18 kN/m3, ϕ=100.
Tentukan tekanan tanah aktif total dan titik tangkap gaya dengan cara Rankine
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
2 0
𝜑 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛10
𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔 45 − 𝐾𝑎 = = = 0.704
2 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛10
10
𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 −
2
𝐾𝑎 = 0.704
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
𝑝𝑎 = Kah − 2𝑐 𝐾𝑎
𝑝𝑎 = 18 × 4 × 0.704 − 2 × 20 × 0.704
𝑝𝑎 = 16.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
Kedalaman hc
2𝑐 2 × 10
ℎ𝑐 = = = 2.67 m
𝛾 𝑘𝑎 18 × 0.84
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
1
𝑃𝑎 = 𝑝𝑎 × ℎ
2
1
𝑃𝑎 = × 16.8 × 4 − 2.67 = 11.4 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
Contoh Soal
hc=2.67m
h
11.4 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
0.44m
16.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
P2
h
P1
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
1
𝑃𝑎2 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾𝑎 Akibat tanah urug
2
Contoh Soal
q0
5m
Penyelesaian
2 0
𝜑
𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔 45 −
2
30
𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 −
2
𝐾𝑎 = 0.33
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Penyelesaian
𝑃𝑎1 = 20 × 0.33 × 5
Penyelesaian
Penyelesaian
𝑃 3𝑥 2 𝑧
𝜎𝑥 = ×
2𝜋 (𝑥 2 +𝑧 2 )3/2
3𝑃 𝑚2 𝑛
𝜎ℎ = ×
2𝜋 (𝑚2 +𝑛2 )3/2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
1.77𝑃 𝑚2 𝑛2
𝜎ℎ = × 2 2 3 Untuk m > 0.4
𝐻2 (𝑚 +𝑛 )
0.28𝑃 𝑛2
𝜎ℎ = × Untuk m ≤ 0.4
𝐻2 0.16 + 𝑛2 )3
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
4𝑞𝑚2 𝑛
𝜎ℎ =
𝜋𝐻(𝑚2 + 𝑛2 )2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
4𝑞 𝑚2 𝑛
𝜎ℎ = × Untuk m > 0.4
𝜋𝐻 (𝑚2 +𝑛2 )2
𝑞 0.203𝑛
𝜎ℎ = × Untuk m ≤ 0.4
𝐻 (0.16 + 𝑛2 )2
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Beban terbagi rata memanjang (q) dapat berupa jalan raya, jalan
kereta api, atau timbunan tanah yang sejajar dengan dinding
penahan tanah. Terzaghi (1943) memberikan persamaan untuk
beban terbagi rata memanjang,
2𝑞
𝜎ℎ = × (𝛽 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼)
𝜋
Contoh Soal
Tanah 1
m.a.t
7.5 m
Tanah 2
Penyelesaian
25
𝜑 = 250 −−−→ 𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 − = 0,41
2
30
𝜑= 300 −−−→ 𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 − = 0,33
2
Penyelesaian
Tekanan tanah aktif
Penyelesaian
Tekanan tanah pasif
Contoh Soal
2m
m.a.t Tanah 1
6m
2m
2m
Tanah 2
Penyelesaian
25
𝜑 = 250 −−−→ 𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 − = 0,41
2
30
𝜑= 300 −−−→ 𝐾𝑎 = 𝑡𝑔2 450 − = 0,33
2
Hc
Pa2
+ =
H
𝑃𝑎1
Pa total
h
h/3
b1=Kah 𝑏2 = 2𝑐 𝐾𝑎
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
q0 × K0
z
1
𝑃0 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾0 + = P2
h
2
P1
h/3
K0h
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
TEKANAN TANAH
z
1
𝑃0 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾0
h
h/3
K0h
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Tensile crack
Sebelum crack
Sesudah crack
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Tekanan Tanah
Aktif Coulomb
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
TURAP
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
(R.P. Weber)
(R.P. Weber)
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
• Jenis tanah
• Kondisi Diam
• Tekanan Tanah Aktif
• Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
z
1
𝑃0 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾0
h
K0h h/3
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
z
1
𝑃0 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾0 + = P2
h
2
P1
h/3
K0h
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
v = q + z
h = Ko. v + u u = tekanan air pori
Tekanan tanah total (Po) untuk dinding tanah setinggi H sama dengan luas diagram
tekanannya yaitu :
Po = A1 + A2
= q H Ko + 1
H2 Ko
2
Z = P1 (H2) P2 (H3 )
Po
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
z
z
K0z
1
𝑃0 = 𝛾ℎ2 𝐾0
h
K0h h/3
Koefisien tekanan tanah
K0 h dalam keadaan diam, (K0)
v
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
moist
H
v = moist · H
h = Ko · v
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
sat
H
v = sat·H
‘v = v – w·H
‘h = Ko · ‘v
h = ‘h + w·H
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Rankine
Coulomb
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
• Selain itu tanah adalah lepas dan berada pada keadaan diam (at
rest).
Jurusan Teknik
Department of SIpil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne
1
Z
H
P1
c=0 P2 P0
H/2
2 H/3
ko(q + H)
(a) (b)
v = q + z
h = Ko. v + u u = tekanan air pori
Tekanan tanah total (Po) untuk dinding tanah setinggi H sama dengan luas diagram
tekanannya yaitu :
Po = A1 + A2
= q H Ko + 1
H2 Ko
2
Z = P1 (H2) P2 (H3 )
Po
Jurusan Teknik
Department of Sipil
Infrastructure Engineering
The University
Universitas Malikussaleh
of Melbourne