LUKA BAKAR/COMBUSTIO
I Hiperemia Hiperestesi
Listrik / Kimia
Derajat satu :
Derajat dua : Cuci Na Cl (500cc) + Savlon(5cc)
Sofratul, kassa steril(biarkan 1 minggu)
Derajat tiga : Cuci NaCl 500cc + Savlon 5cc
NST Supervisor
Chairman
Exective director
Director
Assistant directors
Members
NST(Nutrition Support Team) Hospital
NST
Doctor 4
( Surgeon 2 , Int Med 1 , Rehabili 1)
Nurse 3 Nutrition Committee
( Head Nurses )
Dietitian 2
Pharmacist 3 NST
Technician 2
Therapist 1 Chairman
+ Team members
Support members
Ward nurses, Home care nurses
Inpatients Home care
Office worker
Selection of NST Patients
A, History
1, Weight loss ( past 6M, past 2W)
2, Change of oral intake
3, Digestive symptom
4, Functional status
5, Disease & Stress
B, Physical Findings
Loss of subcutaneous fat
Loss of muscle volume
Edema
NST
Severe malnutrition
Control
PROBLEM LUKA BAKAR
UNDERLYING DISEASE :
- EMERGENSI KASUS BEDAH DIGES-
TIF, KANKER, NEONATUS, ORANG
TUA DG DM, HIPERTENSI,PENYA-
KIT HATI DAN GINJAL
MALNUTRISI : MARASMIK, MARAS-
MIK-KWASHIORKOR, KWASHIORKOR
Indikasi rujuk
• usia < 5 tahun atau > 60 tahun
• Mengenai wajah, tangan, perineum
• Trauma inhalasi
• Trauma kimia > 5%, trauma tegangan tinggi, trauma
radiasi
• Luas luka : < 16 tahun bila > 5% dari lpt dewasa > 16
ANAK:
BB Ideal (dalam kg)=
(Umur dalam bulan : 2) + 4 atau
(Umur dalam tahun x 2) + 8
RUMUS HARRIS BENEDICT
(KCAL/HARI)
JUMLAH CAIRAN
JENIS CAIRAN
CARA PEMBERIAN CAIRAN
EVALUASI-MONITORING
Dehidrasi
Kekurangan cairan akibat luka bakar
EWL = (25 +%LB) x TBSA
EWL: Evaporated water loss
TBSA: Total body water surface
area
%LB : Persentase luka bakar
Monitoring Sign and symptoms of dehydration
MINERAL
DASAR TERAPI NUTRISI
Kebutuhan KH sehari=
Total Energi – (Energi Protein + Energi lemak)
4
Vitamin: C, A dan E dll.
Parenteral Nutrition
Peripheral (PPN) Central or Total (TPN)
Short term parenteral For long term use, catheters
support (up to 2 weeks)
Hypertonic solutions (> 900
are surgically placed
mOsm/L) may cause phlebitis; May have surgically
UMUR %
Gestasional – 12 minggu 94
12 minggu – 32 minggu 80
Aterm 3-5 hari 78
( -3 – 5)
Neonatus 75 - 80
Children 65 - 75
Young Man 60
Young Woman 50
Over 60 years man 50
Over 60 years women 45
MAINTENANCE ( ASHCRAFT )
Weight Volume
4/2/1 ml/kg/jam
Elektrolit
Na : 3 – 4 mEq/kg/hari
K : 2 – 3 mEq/kg/hari
Cl : 3 – 4 mEq/kg/hari
TABLE : MODIFICATION TO FLUID INTAKE
Decrease Adjustment
MAINTENANCE SOLUTION
UMUR LAR.KRISTALOID
1-2 hari D10% ( tak boleh elektrolit )
3-7 hari D5% NaCl 0,18 % *
< 1 th D5% NaCl 0,225 % *
< 10 th D5% NaCl 0,45 % *
* Tambahkan Maintenance KCl 7,5 %
Useful Intravenous Solutions Commercially
Available
TERANGKAN PENATALAKSANAAN
RESUSITASI?
DERAJAT LUAS LUKA BAKAR
PADA ANAK
RESUSITASI CAIRAN
BAXTER formula
Hari pertama
Dewasa : Ringer laktat 4cc x BB x% luas luka bakar
per 24 jam
Anak : RL/Asering
Modifikasi Baxter : a. 2 cc x BB(kg) x LB(%)
b. maintenance
c. kenaikan suhu