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RESIKO STUNTING
DAN OBESITAS
PADA ANAK
TERHADAP KEJADIAN
PENYAKIT
TIDAK MENULAR

dr.Lusia Putri Wijayanti M.Sc.,Sp.A.,CIMI.

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PATOFISIOLOGI
STUNTING DAN OBESITAS
PADA ANAK
TERHADAP
KEJADIAN PENYAKIT
TIDAK
MENULAR
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WHO,
UNICEF
,
WORLD BANK GRUP
JOINT

Estimasi Malnutrisi 2021

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SHORT
TERM AND
LONG
TERM
EFFECTS
OF EARLY
NUTRITION
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Definisi dan
Batasan Stunting
Perawakan pendek yang
disebabkan oleh
kekurangan gizi jangka
panjang atau malnutrisi
kronik
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Penyebab Stunting

Asupan nutrisi yang tidak

optimal (pengetahuan
tentang ASI dan MPASI
yang kurang, kemiskinan,
ketersediaan pangan)
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Penyebab Stunting...

Kebutuhan nutrisi yang

meningkat (penyakit
kronis, sanitasi lingkungan
yang buruk, higiene yang
kurang, penyakit yang
dapat dicegah dengan
imunisasi)
LIMPOPO STUDY Mamabolo R. South Afr J Clin Nutr. 2006
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LIMPOPO STUDY

High prevalence of stunting in

association with overweight a nd
obesity in the cohort of Limpopo
children at 3 years of age might
be due to the poor quality of the
diet the children were consuming
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LIMPOPO STUDY

The diet was typically low in

animal protein, high in
carbohydrate, low in fat an d
micronutrient deficient
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LIMPOPO STUDY

The authors hypothesise that the

lack of animal protein inhibited
linear growth, while the high
carbohydrate content of diet
allowed for fat deposition an d
obesity
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LIMPOPO STUDY

Accumulation fat associated

with malnutrition in early
childhood m a y increase the
longterm risk of obesity an d
chronic metabolic disease in
adulthood
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Children recovering from

malnutrition - - > risk of early
adiposity rebound - - >
monitoring an d proper
management
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Consequences
of rapid weight gain

Early adiposity rebound

The critical periods of adiposity
developmental and the determinant of
future obesity and health risks
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Adiposity Rebound

BMI meningkat pesat di tahun pertama

kehidupan (maks 7-8 bulan) lalu menurun
hingga terendah di usia 6 tahun sebelum
meningkat lagi hingga akhir pertumbuhan
Faktor yang mempengaruhi : intake
energi tinggi dan aktivitas fisik yang
rendah
 BMI referance centiles
for French girls

Four example of BMI development plotted

against the reference charts case no 1, fat
child at 1 year, remained fat after an early
adiposity rebound (2 years); case no 2, fat child
at 1 year did not stay fat after a late adiposity
rebound (8years); case no 3, lean child at 1
year, became fat after an early adiposity
rebound (4.5 years); case no 4, lean child at 1
year , remained lean after a late adiposity
rebound (8 years) (after Rolland-Cachera et
al)
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Association between stunting, obesity, hypertension and diabetes

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Stunted chidren may have

Increased Higher
Excess body abdominal fat resting Impaired fat
fat gain and higher respiratory oxidation
truncal fat quotient
mass
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Rekomendasi IDAI 2010

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World
Health Orga
nization
2020

Overweiht and obesity are defined as abnormal or

excessive fat accumulation that may impaired health
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Short
consequence
s of
childhood
obesity
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Long consequences of childhood

62

obesity
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Schematic of the complex pathophysiology of

CVD in 'asiposopathy of obesity'
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TERIMA KASIH