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PROJEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR

Periode LXVI, Semester Ganjil , Tahun 2014/2015

LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM

BANGUNAN MULTI FUNGSI UNIKA SOEGIJAPRANATA

Tema Desain

EFEK HAIKU DAN JUXTAPOSITION

Fokus Kajian

KENYAMANAN THERMAL ALAMI

Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan


memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur

Disusun oleh:

ANDRE WIJANARKO 10.11.0029

Dosen pembimbing :

Ir. Albertus Sidharta M ,MT,IAI

PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR,


FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA

Oktober 2014
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

PROJEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR


Periode LXVI Semester Gasal Tahun 2014 / 2015
Program Studi Arsitektur
Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata
Semarang

JUDUL : Bangunan Mutifungsi Unika Soegijapranata

TEMA DESAIN : Efek Haikudan Juxtaposition

FOKUS KAJIAN : Kenyamanan Thermal Alami

PENYUSUN : Andre Wijanarko NIM : 10.11.0029

PEMBIMBING : Ir. Albertus Sidharta M, MT.IAI

PENGUJI : Dr.Ir. Krisprantono. MT

: Ir. Supriyono , MT. : Ir. Antonius Ardiyanto, MT.

Semarang, 16 Oktober 2014


Mengetahui dan mengesahkan

Dekan Ketua

Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain

Ir. IM. Tri Hesti Mulyani. MT Ir. FX. Bambang Suskiyatno, MT.
NIDN. 611086201 NIDN. 625116302

ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

PROJEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR


Periode LXVI Semester Gasal Tahun 2014 / 2015
Program Studi Arsitektur
Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata
Semarang

JUDUL : Bangunan Mutifungsi Unika Soegijapranata

TEMA DESAIN : Efek Haikudan Juxtaposition

FOKUS KAJIAN : Kenyamanan Thermal Alami

PENYUSUN : Andre Wijanarko NIM : 10.11.0029

PEMBIMBING : Ir. Albertus Sidharta M, MT.IAI

PENGUJI : Dr.Ir. Krisprantono. MT

: Ir. Supriyono , MT. : Ir. Antonius Ardiyanto, MT.

Semarang, 16 Oktober 2014


Pembimbing,

Ir. Albertus Sidharta M, MT.IAI

NIDN. 612065701

Penguji, Penguji, Penguji,

Dr.Ir. Krisprantono. MT Ir. Supriyono , MT. ir. Antonius Ardiyanto,MT.


NIDN. 616085701 NIDN. 615025701 NIDN. 629056301

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PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN

Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini :

Nama : Andre Wijanarko

NIM : 10.11.0029

Jurusan/Program Studi : Arsitektur

Fakultas/Program : Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain, Unika

Soegijapranata

Menyatakan dengan sebenarnya bahwa Projek Akhir Arsitektur tahap Landasan

Teori Program dengan Judul : Bangunan Multi Fungsi Unika Soegijapranata

ini benar-benar merupakan hasil karya saya sendiri, bebas dari peniruan

terhadap karya dari orang lain. Kutipan pendapat dan tulisan orang lain ditunjuk

sesuai dengan cara-cara penulisan karya ilmiah yang berlaku.

Apabila di kemudian hari terbukti atau dapat dibuktikan bahwa dalam Projek

Akhir Arsitektur Tahap Landasan Teori Program ini terkandung ciri-ciri plagiat

dan bentuk-bentuk peniruan lain yang dianggap melanggar peraturan, maka

saya bersedia menerima sanksi atas perbuatan tersebut.

Semarang, 15 Oktober 2014


Yang Membuat Pernyataan,

( Andre Wijanarko )
10.11.0029

iv
KATA PENGANTAR

Terimakasih dan puji syukur kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa, karena hanya
dengan berkat dan Anugerah-Nya LTP ini dapat diselesaikan.

Pada kesempatan ini ingin disampaikan terima kasih kepada semua pihak
yang telah membantu proses Tugas Akhir,khususnya kepada,

Ir. Albertus Sidharta Muljadinata,MT.IAI yang telah menjadi Pembimbing


dan memberikan arahan selama mengikuti Proyek Akhir Arsitektur
Ir.Jimmy Purba yang telah mengajari selama persiapan Proyek Akhir
Arsitektur
Ir.Baskoro Tedjo,MSEB,Phd yang memberi banyak masukan serta
materi selama persiapan proyek akhir
Juga menyampaikan terima kasih kepada

Papa Mama yang selalu memberikan dukungan,semangat, dan doa


tiada henti.
Ir.Stefanus Hadi Nugoho yang telah membantu selama proses
perjalanan penyusunan Proyek akhir Arsitektur.
Teman teman HEPTA,BTA dan Akanoma serta semuanya yang tidak
bisa disebutkan satu persatu.
Teman-teman mahasiswa Arsitektur yang bersedia berdiskusi dan
memberi dorongan demi terselesaikannya Tugas Akhir ini

Semoga Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, yang mengijinkan perancangan ini selesai,
berkenan membalas semua budi baik semua pihak yang telah mendukung
Tugas Akhir. Semoga dapat bermanfaat sebagai bahan pembelejaran bagi
setiap pembaca.

Semarang, 18 September 2014

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DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ ii

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN .............................................................................. iv

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... v

DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x

DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xv

DAFTAR SKEMA ........................................................................................... xvii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xviii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar belakang projek ...................................................................... 1

1.2. Tujuan dan sasaran pembahasan .................................................. 6

1.2.1. Tujuan ......................................................................................... 6

1.2.2. Sasaran ....................................................................................... 7

1.3. Lingkup pembahasan ...................................................................... 7

1.4. Metoda pembahasan ....................................................................... 9

1.4.1. Metoda Pengumpulan Data......................................................... 9

1.4.2. Metoda Analisis dan Pemrograman .......................................... 10

1.4.3. Metoda perancangan Arsitektur ................................................ 10

1.5. Sistematika pembahasan .............................................................. 10

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BAB II TINJAUAN PROYEK .......................................................................... 12

2.1. Tinjauan Umum .............................................................................. 13

2.1.1. Gambaran Umum ...................................................................... 13

2.1.1.1. Latar Belakang Perkembangan Trend ............................. 15

2.1.1.2. Sasaran yang akan dicapai .................................................... 17

2.2. Tinjauan Khusus ............................................................................ 18

2.2.2. Kegiatan (pelaku, fasilitas, peralatan/prasarana) ...................... 21

2.2.3. Spesifikasi dan persyaratan desain: .......................................... 29

2.2.4. Deskripsi konteks kota .............................................................. 30

2.2.5. Studi banding/komparasi kasus projek sejenis.......................... 32

2.2.6. Permasalahan desain (arsitektur-bangunan-lingkungan) .......... 39

2.3. Kesimpulan, Batasan dan Anggapan ........................................... 39

BAB III ANALISA PENDEKATAN PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ....................... 41

3.1. Analisa pendekatan Arsitektur. .................................................... 41

3.1.1. Studi Aktivitas............................................................................ 41

3.1.2. Perhitungan student body , dosen dan staff rumah tangga

Kenaikan mahasiswa sejak tahun 2010...................................... 49

3.1.3. Perhitungan jumlah staff rektorat .............................................. 53

3.1.4. Perhitungan bisnis center .......................................................... 54

3.1.5. Studi Fasilitas ............................................................................ 55

3.2. Analisa pendekatan Kawasan..................................................... 110

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3.2.1. Analisa Konteks Lingkungan ................................................... 110

3.2.2. Analisa Konteks Kota .............................................................. 117

3.2.3. Analisa Skenario Kawasan...................................................... 118

3.3. Analisa pendekatan Sistem Bangunan ...................................... 122

3.3.1. Studi Struktur bangunan.......................................................... 122

BAB IV PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ............................................................... 135

4.1. Program Kawasan ....................................................................... 135

4.1.1. Konsep Program dan Tema Kawasan .................................... 135

4.1.2. Tujuan perancangan ............................................................... 137

4.1.3. Skenario program kawasan keseluruhan ................................ 141

4.1.4. Program besaran luas kawasan .............................................. 142

4.1.5. Program prasarana & sarana kawasan ................................... 142

4.2. Program Masing-masing Fungsi ............................................... 143

Urban Living Room ................................................................................ 144

4.3. Program sistem struktur ............................................................. 147

BAB V KAJIAN TEORI .................................................................................. 162

5.1. Kajian teori Tema Desain (Penekanan Desain) Haiku dan

Juxtapotition ............................................................................. 162

5.1.1. Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Tema Desain ................................. 162

5.1.2. Studi preseden ....................................................................... 168

5.1.3. Kemungkinan Implementasi .................................................... 171

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5.2. Kajian teori permasalahan dominan .......................................... 171

5.2.1. Elaborasi interpretasi Fokus Kajian ......................................... 172

5.2.2. Studi Preseden National Libary, Singapore Ken Yeang .......... 175

5.2.3. kemungkinan implementasi ..................................................... 176

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 177

LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................ 179

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 logo universitas ............................................................................ 14

Gambar 2 Gedung Kampus UMN .................................................................. 32

Gambar 3 gedung baru UMN ......................................................................... 34

Gambar 4 bisnis center dan ruang kuliah UMN ........................................... 35

Gambar 5 gedung Kampus UNTAR Learning Gateaway ......................... 35

Gambar 6 Gedung Kampus UNM .................................................................. 36

Gambar 7 sekuen UNM .................................................................................. 38

Gambar 8 ilustrasi Pendekatan Arsitektur ................................................... 41

Gambar 9 analisis Ruang kuliah ................................................................... 73

Gambar 10 difable Area ................................................................................. 74

Gambar 11 analisis kelas .............................................................................. 74

Gambar 12 analisis besaran ruang ............................................................... 75

Gambar 13 difable Area ................................................................................. 75

Gambar 14 analisis meja dosen .................................................................... 76

Gambar 15 analisis kelas Amphitheater ...................................................... 76

Gambar 16 analisis Studio ............................................................................ 78

Gambar 17 analisis besaran ruang Studio PAA .......................................... 79

Gambar 18 analisa besaran ruang studio PAA............................................ 80

Gambar 19 analisa besaran ruang lab fisbang ............................................ 82

Gambar 20 analisa besaran lab perkotaan .................................................. 83

Gambar 21 analisa besaran lab bahan bangunan ....................................... 83

Gambar 22 analisa besaran lab fotografi ..................................................... 84

Gambar 23 pola kegiatan staff ...................................................................... 84

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Gambar 24 analisis laboratorium fil ............................................................. 85

Gambar 25 analisis besaran KSPEN& KSPBN ............................................ 86

Gambar 26 Ruang dosen FAD....................................................................... 87

Gambar 27 analisis besaran ruang kaprogdi .............................................. 88

Gambar 28 analisis besaran ruang dekan ................................................... 88

Gambar 29 analisis besaran ruang wakil dekan .......................................... 89

Gambar 30 ruang tata usaha ......................................................................... 90

Gambar 31 analisa besaran ruang pengumpulan tugas ............................. 90

Gambar 32 analisa besaran ruang rapat ...................................................... 91

Gambar 33 analisa besaran ruang baca ....................................................... 91

Gambar 34 analisa besaran ruang bimbingan thesis ................................. 92

Gambar 35 analisa besaran ruang rektorat.................................................. 94

Gambar 36 analisa besaran ruang staff WR 3 ............................................. 94

Gambar 37 analisa besaran ruang staff WR 3 ............................................. 95

Gambar 38 analisa besaran ruang rektor ..................................................... 95

Gambar 39 analisa ruang wakil rektor .......................................................... 96

Gambar 40 analisa besaran ruang international office ............................... 97

Gambar 41 analisa besaran ruang mini market ........................................... 97

Gambar 42 analisa besaran ruang LBH ....................................................... 98

Gambar 43 analisa besaran BKD&LMB ........................................................ 99

Gambar 44 analisa besaran ruang printing................................................ 100

Gambar 45 analisa besaran workshop komputer ...................................... 101

Gambar 46 analisa besaran dapur .............................................................. 101

Gambar 47 analisa besaran ruang LPPM ................................................... 103

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Gambar 48 analisa besaran ruang toilet pria ............................................. 104

Gambar 49 toilet wanita ............................................................................... 104

Gambar 50 analisa besaran ruang difable ................................................. 105

Gambar 51 analisa besaran ruang janitor .................................................. 105

Gambar 52 preseden perpus ui................................................................... 107

Gambar 53 foto udara site ........................................................................... 110

Gambar 54 3d kawasan ............................................................................... 113

Gambar 55 regulasi ...................................................................................... 113

Gambar 56 ilustrasi kebisingan .................................................................. 114

Gambar 57 ilustrasi iklim ............................................................................. 114

Gambar 58 iklim setempat ........................................................................... 114

Gambar 59 diagram letak pohon................................................................. 115

Gambar 60 kondisi topografi....................................................................... 116

Gambar 61 analisa figure Ground............................................................... 117

Gambar 62 konsep pengembangan modul kawasan ................................ 118

Gambar 63 alternatif konektivitas bangunan ............................................. 119

Gambar 64 gambar arsitektural Marina bay Sands ................................... 120

Gambar 65 terowongan underpass London .............................................. 121

Gambar 66 struktur mini pile....................................................................... 123

Gambar 67 struktur pondasi bored pile ..................................................... 123

Gambar 68 struktur pondasi basement ...................................................... 124

Gambar 69 struktur core and rigid frame ................................................... 125

Gambar 70 struktur plat lantai wafle .......................................................... 126

Gambar 71 struktur plat lantai wafle .......................................................... 126

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Gambar 72 struktur atap deck bertanaman ............................................... 128

Gambar 73 struktur atap baja konvensional .............................................. 128

Gambar 74 struktur atap space frame ........................................................ 129

Gambar 75 partisi GRC ................................................................................ 129

Gambar 76 partisi beton ringan .................................................................. 130

Gambar 77 curtain ACP ............................................................................... 130

Gambar 78 transportasi vertical lift ............................................................ 132

Gambar 79 AC multi Split ............................................................................ 133

Gambar 80 ac split ....................................................................................... 134

Gambar 81 ilustrasi struktur ....................................................................... 147

Gambar 82 struktur pondasi ....................................................................... 149

Gambar 83 struktur plat lantai wafle .......................................................... 150

Gambar 84 struktur atap .............................................................................. 150

Gambar 85 struktur jembatan sebagai restoran (solo) ............................. 151

Gambar 86 struktur underpass ................................................................... 152

Gambar 87 sistem distribusi air .................................................................. 153

Gambar 88 pemilihan penerangan buatan ................................................. 154

Gambar 89 sistem pemadam kebakaran .................................................... 155

Gambar 90 sprrinkle .................................................................................... 155

Gambar 91 hydrant ...................................................................................... 156

Gambar 92 APAR ......................................................................................... 156

Gambar 93 smoke detector ......................................................................... 156

Gambar 94 heat detector ............................................................................. 157

Gambar 95 penangkal petir ......................................................................... 158

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Gambar 96 cctv dan metal detector wand.................................................. 159

Gambar 97 AC multi split ............................................................................ 159

Gambar 98 eksisting site dan panorama ................................................... 160

Gambar 99perkerasan dan bahan penutup tanah ..................................... 161

Gambar 100 haiku matsuo basho & tadao ando ....................................... 162

Gambar 101 ilustrasi haiku.......................................................................... 163

Gambar 102 ilustrasi juxtaposisi ................................................................ 165

Gambar 103 clark art institute ..................................................................... 168

Gambar 104 sequence arsitektural clark art institute ............................... 169

Gambar 105 konteks juxtaposisi ................................................................ 170

Gambar 107 sequence bird eye view kawasan .......................................... 170

Gambar 108 bentukan exterior.................................................................... 171

Gambar 109 diagram aktivitas .................................................................... 172

Gambar 110 diagram psikometric ............................................................... 172

Gambar 111 temperatur efektif ................................................................... 173

Gambar 112 hall national library singapore ............................................... 175

Gambar 113 sunshading national library singapore ................................. 175

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1 penerimaan mahasiswa FAD baru setiap tahun ............................ 20

Tabel 2 fasilitas binsis center ....................................................................... 25

Tabel 3 Fasilitas Perkuliahan ........................................................................ 26

Tabel 4 Office dan Rektorat ........................................................................... 26

Tabel 5 Fasilitas Outdoor .............................................................................. 27

Tabel 6 fasilitas Green Outdoor .................................................................... 27

Tabel 7 fasilitas Penunjang ........................................................................... 28

Tabel 8 Studi Komparasi ............................................................................... 38

Tabel 9 fasilitas Perkuliahan FAD ................................................................. 43

Tabel 10 fasilitas pengelola FAD .................................................................. 43

Tabel 11 fasilitas Pendukung FAD ................................................................ 44

Tabel 12 fasilitas Office dan Rektorat .......................................................... 44

Tabel 13 fasilitas bisnis dan research center .............................................. 44

Tabel 14 fasilitas service ............................................................................... 45

Tabel 15 fasilitas Sirkulasi............................................................................. 45

Tabel 16 fasilitas Pelengkap.......................................................................... 45

Tabel 17 perhitungan mahasiswa baru dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun ......... 49

Tabel 18 Slot Kuliah DKV ganjil .................................................................... 56

Tabel 19 perhitungan Slot DKV ganjil .......................................................... 57

Tabel 20 slot DKV Genap ............................................................................... 58

Tabel 21 perhitungan Slot DKV genap ......................................................... 58

Tabel 22 slot kuliah Arsitektur Ganjil ........................................................... 61

Tabel 23 Perhitungan Slot Arsitektur ........................................................... 61

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Tabel 24 Slot kuliah Arsitektur Genap .......................................................... 63

Tabel 25 pola kegiatan staff .......................................................................... 64

Tabel 26 slot kuliah desain interior ganjil .................................................... 65

Tabel 27 perhitungan Slot desain Interior Ganjil ......................................... 66

Tabel 28 slot perkuliahan desain Interior Genap ......................................... 68

Tabel 29 perhitungan Slot desain Interior Genap ........................................ 68

Tabel 30 Slot perkuliahan Arsitetur S2 ......................................................... 70

Tabel 31 slot perhitungan arsitektur S2 ....................................................... 70

Tabel 32 kebutuhan Slot kelas 2 jam ............................................................ 71

Tabel 33 kebutuhan Slot kelas 3 jam ............................................................ 71

Tabel 34 kebutuhan Slot kelas Studio .......................................................... 71

Tabel 35 rekap besaran ruang kelas dan Studio ......................................... 81

Tabel 36 analisa preseden fungsi utilitas................................................... 108

Tabel 37 rekap luas seluruh bangunan ...................................................... 108

Tabel 38 alternatif Struktur pondasi ........................................................... 125

Tabel 39 alternatif Struktur bangunan dan sistem .................................... 126

Tabel 40 alternatif struktur Lantai ............................................................... 127

Tabel 41 alternatif Struktur Atap ................................................................. 129

Tabel 42 alternatif material dinding ............................................................ 131

Tabel 43 alternatif transportasi vertical ..................................................... 132

Tabel 44 alternatif sistem pengamanan kebakaran ................................... 133

Tabel 45 alternatif sistem AC ...................................................................... 134

Tabel 46 program ruang keseluruhan ........................................................ 145

Tabel 47pemilihan struktur.......................................................................... 147

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Tabel 48 struktur plat lantai wafle ............................................................... 157

Tabel 49 temperatur efektif.......................................................................... 173

Tabel 50 tabel PMV....................................................................................... 174

DAFTAR SKEMA

skema 1 ilustrasi Future Campus ................................................................... 3

skema 2 Skema pembahasan........................................................................ 12

skema 3 jumlah mahasiswa unika sampai 2013 .......................................... 22

skema 4 penerimaan mahasiswa FAD baru setiap tahun ........................... 22

skema 5 pola Kegiatan Mahasiswa ............................................................... 46

skema 6 pola kegiatan Dosen ....................................................................... 46

skema 7 pola kegiatan Rektorat.................................................................... 47

skema 8 pola kegiatan staff........................................................................... 47

skema 9 pola kegiatan staff........................................................................... 48

skema 10 pola kegiatan staff......................................................................... 48

skema 11 pola kegiatan staff......................................................................... 49

skema 12 pemilihan Struktur ...................................................................... 122

skema 13 konsep pengembangan bangunan ............................................ 135

skema 14 kegiatan pelaku ........................................................................... 139

skema 15 hubungan antar ruang ................................................................ 146

skema 16 sistem pengolahan air kotor ...................................................... 153

skema 17 sistem pengolahan sampah ....................................................... 154

skema 18 ilustrasi peleburan teori juxtaposisi dan haiku ........................ 166

skema 19 teori juxtaposisi........................................................................... 167

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

lampiran 1 parkir mobil ................................................................................ 179

lampiran 2 dimensi besaran ruang ............................................................. 180

lampiran 3 kawasan pendekatan dan lepas landas ................................... 181

lampiran 4 kawasan dibawah permukiman horizontal dalam .................. 182

lampiran 5 kawasan dibawah permukaan kerucut .................................... 183

lampiran 6 national library singapore ........................................................ 184

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