DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT(DME)

Adalah alat bantu navigasi udara yg berfungsi untuk memberikan informasi jarak (slant
range) dari pesawat udara dengan station dvor. Frekuensi kerja dari DME adalah 962 MHz sd
1213 MHz. DME memiliki 252 operating channel dengan 126 channel x dan 126 channel y. 126
channel x memiliki 63 channel kecil dan 63 channel besar. Power pancaran DME jika collocated
dengan VOR adalah 1000 watt, namun jika collocated dengan GP power pancarannya adalah 100
watt.
Pulsa berpasangan sebanyak 100-120 pps (introgation) dengan panjang pulsa tertentu
dipancarkan dari introgrator pesawat terbang, ini disebut searching mode. Ketika pulsa
berpasangan tersebut diterima oleh receiver DME (lock on), stasiun DME memproses dan
memancarkan pulsa reply (30 pp/s) sebagai jawaban pesawat terbang, namum pada frekuensi
yang berbeda dari frekuensi interrogation, ini disebut tracking mode. Waktu yang diperlukan
antara perjalanan pulsa akan diukur di receiver DME pesawat terbang yang selanjutnya diproses
menjadi bentuk jarak (nautical miles) dari pesawat ke DME.

1. Switch
Untuk switch transponder atau transponder 2

2. Circulator
Untuk mencegah agar tidak bercampurnya sinyal transmitter dan sinyal receiver.

3. Duplexer

4. RXU
Terjadi proses superheterodyne, dimana perbandingan antara sinyal RF yang berasal dari
introgation pesawat dengan frekwensi local oscillator yang berasal dari modul TXU
sehingga menghasilkan IF sebesar 63 MHZ.

5.
Pada bagian ini pulsa introgation divalidasi dan diproses untuk menghasilkan pulsa reply.
Dibagian ini juga dibangkitkan frequensi ident (1350 Hz ) dan squitter sebagai pulsa acak
untuk memastikan peralatan dipesawat beroperasi dengan baik.

6. TXU ( transmitter Unit)

Modul TXU akan menerima pulsa Reply, Ident , dan Squitter dari TCU untuk dimodulasi
dengan frequensi carrier yang berbeda dari Frequensi Introgation.

7. HPA ( high power amplifier)

Berfungsi sebagai penguat power menjadi 1000 watt.
 8. RFG ( radio frequensi generator)
Berfungsi untuk membangkitkan pulsa berpasangan yang seolah-olah introgasi dari
pesawat, yang membedakannya jumlah pulse pair yang dihasilkan (60 pps). RFG
Membangkitkan pulsa ini hanya ketika Receiver DME tidak menerima introgation dari
pesawat.

9. MON ( monitor)
Monitor control ( normal,warning, alarm), convert digital to analog dan analog to digital

10. RF Detector
Berfunsi untuk mendeteksi introgasi dari pesawat.

11. SCU ( switching control unit)

Communication hub ( connected to CSP,LMI,RCU,PMDT). Otomatic change
over/shutdown control
12. EMU ( empiromental monitor unit)
Temperatu sensor, smoke sensor, intrution ( door – open ) sensor
13. LMI ( local monitor interface)
Interfcace boat
14. CSP ( control status panel)
Transponder status indication, monitor status indication, system status indication
15. DC/DC
Membagi arus DC menjadi beberapa bagian arus DC untuk di bagi ke beberapa modul

DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)

Is an air navigation aid which functions to provide distance information (slant range) from the
aircraft to the station dvor. The working frequency of the DME is 962 MHz to 1213 MHz. The
DME has 252 operating channels with 126 x channels and 126 y channels. 126 x channels have
63 small channels and 63 large channels. DME emission power if collocated with VOR is 1000
watts, but if collocated with GP the emission power is 100 watts.
Paired pulses of 100-120 pps (introgation) with a certain pulse length are emitted from the
aircraft introgrator, this is called searching mode. When these paired pulses are received by the
DME receiver (lock on), the DME station processes and emits a reply pulse (30 pp / s) in
response to the aircraft, however at a different frequency from the interrogation frequency, this is
called tracking mode. The time required between pulse trips will be measured in the aircraft's
DME receiver which is then processed into a form of distance (nautical miles) from the plane to
the DME.

1. Switch
For transponder or transponder switches 2

2. Circulator
To prevent the mixing of the transmitter signal and the receiver signal.

3. Duplexer

4. RXU
A superheterodyne process occurs, where the ratio between the RF signal originating from the
aircraft interrogation with the local oscillator frequency originating from the TXU module results
in an IF of 63 MHZ.

5.
In this section the introgation pulse is validated and processed to generate a reply pulse. This
section also generates an ident frequency (1350 Hz) and a squitter as random pulses to ensure the
equipment on the aircraft is operating properly.

6. TXU (transmitter Unit)

The TXU module will receive Reply, Ident, and Squitter pulses from the TCU to be modulated
with a carrier frequency that is different from the Interrogation Frequency.

7.HPA (high power amplifier)

Serves as a power amplifier to 1000 watts.

8. RFG (radio frequency generator)

Serves to generate paired pulses as if the interrogation of the plane, which distinguishes the
number of pulse pairs produced (60 pps). RFG Generating this pulse only when the DME
Receiver does not receive an introgation from the plane.

9. MON (monitor)
Monitor control (normal, warning, alarm), convert digital to analog and analog to digital

10. RF Detector
Its function is to detect interrogation from aircraft.

11. SCU (switching control unit)

Communication hub (connected to CSP, LMI, RCU, PMDT). Automatic change over / shutdown
control
12.EMU (empiromental monitor unit)
Temperature sensor, smoke sensor, intrution (door - open) sensor
13.LMI (local monitor interface)
Interfcace boat
14. CSP (control status panel)
Transponder status indication, monitor status indication, system status indication
15. DC / DC
Divide the DC current into several parts of the DC current to be divided into several modules