Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 Untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Toefl Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura

PEMBUATAN DRAFT MODUL TOEFL PREPARATION
MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS 3 UNTUK

MENINGKATKAN NILAI TOEFL MAHASISWA
POLITEKNIK NEGERI MADURA
Laporan Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Dasar PNS

di Jurusan Teknik Mesin Alat Berat
Politeknik Negeri Madura
Pelatihan Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil

GOLONGAN III
Disusun oleh:
Nama : Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
NIP : 199007292019032025
Jabatan : Dosen
Unit Kerja : Politeknik Negeri Madura
Angkatan : 16
Nomor Presensi : 32
Mentor : Kukuh Widarsono, S.T., M.T.
Coach : Dra. Susetyaningsih M.Pd.
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN LAPORAN AKTUALISASI
Judul : Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation Mata Kuliah

Bahasa Inggris 3 untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Toefl
Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura
Nama : Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
NIP : 199007292019032025
Angkatan : 16
No Presensi : 32
Jabatan : Dosen Asisten Ahli
Unit Kerja : Politeknik Negeri Madura
Sampang, 02 September 2020
Pembimbing/Coach, Mentor,
Dra. Susetyaningsih M.Pd. Kukuh Widarsono, S.T., M.T.

196306141990032004 198502232014041001
Penguji/Narasumber
Dr.Ir.Sahirman, M.P.
196404171990021002
ii
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang senantiasa memberikan curahan

rahmat dan nikmat-Nya. Shalawat serta salam kita panjatkan pada junjungan
kita Nabi Besar Muhammad SAW, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan
Laporan Aktualisasi dengan judul “Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation
Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Toefl Mahasiswa
Politeknik Negeri Madura”. Laporan Aktualisasi ini disusun dalam
mengimplementasikan aktualisasi diri dan sebagai panduan dalam
melaksanakan program Pelatihan Dasar CPNS Golongan III Kementerian
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan dan memberikan informasi tentang sejauh mana
penyelesaian isu. Seluruh kegiatan yang ada dalam laporan aktualisasi ini
diharapkan dapat mencerminkan nilai-nilai dasar, kedudukan dan peran PNS
dalam NKRI yang dapat diterapkan di unit kerja. Laporan Aktualisasi ini dapat
terwujud atas bantuan dari berbagai pihak baik secara langsung maupun tidak
langsung. Dalam kesempatan ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan penghargaan dan
terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada:
1. Amurwani Dwi Lestariningsih, S.Sos., M.Hum. Selaku Kepala Pusat
Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Pegawai yang telah memfasilitasi
terlaksananya Pelatihan Dasar CPNS Golongan III Kemendikbud 2019.
2. Direktur Politeknik Negeri Madura beserta jajarannya yang telah
memberikan kesempatan kepada penulis menjadi peserta dalam
penyelenggaran Pelatihan Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil Golongan
III ini.
3. Ibu Dra. Susetyaningsih M.Pd selaku coach yang telah banyak
membantu dalam memberikan saran dan masukan mengenai program
dan kegiatan dalam laporan aktualisasi ini.
4. Bapak Kukuh Widarsono, S.T., M.T. selaku mentor yang senantiasa
dengan sabar, cermat, dan teliti serta sepenuh hati memberikan
bimbingan kepada penulis untuk menyusun laporan aktualisasi ini.
iii
5. Bapak Dr. Ir. Sahirman, M.P. selaku penguji sidang Laporan Aktualisasi
yang telah meluangkan waktunya untuk memberikan arahan, nasehat
dan saran agar Laporan Aktualisasi kami menjadi lebih baik dan
bermanfaat.
6. Bapak Misbakhul Fatah, S.T., M.T selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Alat Berat atas kesabaran beliau dalam memberikan arahan dan
bimbingan dalam penyusunan laporan aktualisasi ini.
7. Bapak dan Ibu Widyaiswara, serta para panitia dan satgas Pelatihan
Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang telah membagi ilmu sehingga
penulis memahami nilai – nilai ANEKA dan mampu mengamalkan nilai
tersebut.
8. Orang tua dan teman-teman yang senantiasi memberikan dukungan
kepada penulis sehingga penulis mampu menyelesaikan semua
kewajiban selama mengikuti latsar ini.
Laporan aktualisasi ini kami susun dengan sistematis dengan harapan

dapat memberikan dampak positif di unit kerja. Mudah-mudahan laporan
aktualisasi ini memberikan manfaat kepada berbagai pihak pada umumnya
dan dosen pada khususnya untuk terus menerapkan nilai-nilai dasar profesi
PNS dosen pada setiap kegiatan dalam melaksanakan tridharma perguruan
tinggi.

Penulis
Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi
iv
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN RANCANGAN AKTUALISASI ……………………... I

KATA PENGANTAR ……………………………………………………………….. ii
DAFTAR ISI ………………………………………………………..……………….. iv
DAFTAR TABEL ……….…………………………………………….…………….. V
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN …………………………………….…………………….. 1
A. Latar Belakang ………………………………………………..…………….. 1
B. Tujuan Aktualisasi ……………………………………………….………….. 3
BAB II. PELAKSANAAN AKTUALISASI …………………………..…………….. 4
A. Analisis dampak isu jika tidak diselesaikan ……………….…………….. 4
B. Pelaksanaan aktualisasi ………….……………………………………….. 6
C. Pelaksanaan kegiatan …………………………………………………….. 8
D. Kendala dan strategi mengatasi ………………………………………….. 18
BAB III. Penutup ……………………………………………………..……………..
A. Kesimpulan …………………………………………………...…………….. 19
B. Saran ………………………………………………………….…………….. 19
Lampiran ………...………………………………………………………………….. 20
v
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Pelaksanaan aktualisasi …………………………..…………………... I

Tabel 2.2 Jadwal pelaksanaan aktualisasi ………………..…………………….. ii
Tabel 2.3 Kendala dan strategi mengatasinya……………..…..……………….. iii
vi
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) adalah profesi bagi pegawai negeri sipil dan
pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja yang bekerja pada instansi
pemerintah. Aparatur Sipil Negara terdiri atas Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) dan
PPPK. Sesuai yang tercantum dalam UU No. 5 Tahun 2014 ASN memiliki fungsi
yaitu sebagai pelaksana kebijakan publik, pelayan publik, serta perekat dan
pemersatu bangsa.
Untuk menjamin terlaksananya fungsi ASN maka pemerintah
menerapkan sistem manajemen ASN. Dalam rangka penyelenggaraan
Manajemen ASN yang berdasarkan Sistem Merit, maka diperlukan pengaturan
Manajemen PNS. Pengaturan Manajemen PNS bertujuan untuk menghasilkan
PNS yang profesional, memiliki nilai dasar, etika profesi, bebas dari intervensi
politik, bersih dari praktek korupsi, kolusi, dan nepotisme dalam rangka
pelaksanaan tugas pelayanan publik, tugas pemerintahan, dan tugas
pembangunan tertentu. Hal ini tertuang dalam PP 11 Tahun 2017 tentang
Manajemen Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Implementasi dalam PP tersebut adalah
setiap Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil berdasarkan Perlan Nomor 12 Tahun 2018
wajib menjalani masa prajabatan dan mengikuti pelatihan dasar CPNS. Sebagai
produk pelatihan dasar CPNS ini yaitu berupa laporan aktualisasi nilai – nilai
ANEKA dalam kegiatan pelayanan publik, manajemen ASN, dan atau whole of
government.
Politeknik Negeri Madura (Poltera) adalah tempat dimana penulis bekerja
dan mengabdikan diri sebagai abdi negara. Poltera didirikan pada tanggal 11
November 2012. Institusi ini merupakan satu-satunya perguruan tinggi vokasi
baru di Pulau Madura. Sebagai perguruan tinggi baru, Poltera terus melakukan
pengembangan diri dan penyesuaian terhadap peraturan pemerintah dalam
1
rangka menjalankan fungsi sebagai institusi pendidikan tinggi untuk
menyelenggarakan proses pendidikan yang memenuhi kepuasan masyarakat.
Layaknya suatu institusi yang baru tumbuh, banyak tantangan yang dihadapi
Poltera. Tantangan tersebut antara lain yaitu tugas Poltera untuk mewujudkan
suasana akademik yang kondusif. Perwujudan suasana akademik yang
kondusif tersusun atas beberapa elemen yaitu sarana dan prasarana yang
mendukung minat belajar, proses penjaminan mutu pendidikan, aktivitas
penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, serta lain sebagainya.
Politeknik Negeri Madura memiliki 4 program studi (prodi) yaitu: (1) Prodi
D3 Teknik Listrik Industri, (2) Prodi D3 Teknik Mesin Alat Berat, (3) Prodi D3
Teknik Bangunan Kapal, dan (4) Prodi D3 Keperawatan. Mahasiswa dari
program studi tersebut harus mengikuti sederet mata kuliah yang telah
ditentukan dalam kurikulum yang terdapat di Poltrea.
Salah satu mata kuliah yang wajib ditempuh adalah Bahasa Inggris 3.
Mata kuliah ini mengedepankan pada kegiatan praktikum, karena mempunyai
bobot 4 sks, salah satu fokus dalam mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 adalah
persiapan test Toefl (Test of English as Foreign Language). Dari hasil yang
diperoleh dari badan akademik dan kemahasiswaan, masih banyak mahasiswa
yang pada akhir program belum mampu untuk mendapatkan nilai Toefl yang
baik, salah satu penyebabnya adalah belum adanya modul bahasa inggris yang
bisa mensupport mahasiswa agar lebih fokus dalam belajar Toefl dan
meningkatkan nilai Toefl mereka. Sehingga, penulis disini melaporkan hasil dari
draft penyusunan modul Toefl preparation pada mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura.
Dari pengantar yang dijelaskan pada paragraph sebelumnya, maka dapat
diambil kesimpulan bahwasanya ada tiga isu utama yang diangkat oleh penulis,
yaitu: (1) belum adanya draft modul yang berfokus pada Toefl Preparation pada
mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 dengan tujuan meningkatkan nilai Toefl
Mahasiswa, (2) belum terarahnya topik pengabdian masyarakat pada program
studi TMAB, (3) belum adanya panduan pembelajaran dengan metode daring.
2
B. Tujuan Aktualisasi
Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan aktualisasi ini adalah:
1. Menyelesaikan isu yang dipilih yakni menyusun modul Toefl preparation
pada mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3 untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl
mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura.
2. Mampu menerapkan nilai-nilai ANEKA dengan baik sehingga membentuk
ASN yang jujur, bertanggungjawab dan memiliki integritas terhadap apa
yang dikerjakan di lingkup instansi kerja dalam skup kecil dan di
masyarakat dalam skup yang lebih luas.
3
BAB II
PELAKSANAAN AKTUALISASI
Analisis dampak isu sesuai dengan nilai ANEKA yaitu (Akuntabilitas,

Nasionalisme, Etika publik, Komitmen mutu dan Anti korupsi), dan penjelasan
dalam penyelesaian isu tersebut serta pelaksanaan kegiatan aktualisasi yang
dialami oleh penulis akan dijabarkan secara rinci pada uraian di bawah ini.
A. Analisis dampak isu jika tidak diselesaikan

Era perdagangan bebas menuntut kompetensi tinggi para pelakunya,
termasuk dalam hal penguasaan bahasa asing. Melihat kondisi dimana negara-
negara di dunia cenderung meningkatkan proteksi terhadap pasar dalam negeri
akibat lesunya perekonomian dunia, maka peningkatan kemampuan berbahasa
Inggris melalui Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL ) untuk para
diplomat mutlak penting. TOEFL atau Test of English as a Foreign Language
adalah tes yang didesain untuk mengukur kemampuan berbahasa Inggris bagi
bukan penutur asli. Kemampuan berbahasa inggris menjadi hal yang sangat
penting dan perlu diperhatikan jika kita memiliki cita-cita untuk kuliah di luar
negeri. Saat ini sebagian besar universitas yang menerima mahasiswa dari
berbagai penjuru dunia, menggunakan bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa
pengantar dalam perkuliahan. Beberapa manfaat yang akan diperoleh
mahasiswa ketika mempunyai kemampuan Toefl yang baik, yaitu: (1) Membantu
kelancaran studi perkuliahan di kelas, beberapa universitas di luar negeri yang
menerima mahasiswa dari berbagai negara akan menggunakan bahasa inggris
sebagai pengantar perkuliahannya. Sehingga kemampuan bahasa inggris ini
akan sangat membantu kita dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh
sang dosen. Terutama untuk mahasiswa yang berniat melanjutkan studi ke
jenjang yang lebih tinggi kemampuan bahasa inggris ini sudah tidak bisa
dihindari lagi. Menulis buku tesis atau disertasi, menulis paper yang akan
4
dipublikasikan dan melakukan presentasi di international conference sangat
memerlukan kemampuan bahasa inggris yang layak; (2) Membantu untuk
bersosialisasi dan menjalin jaringan pertemanan, dengan melanjutkan kuliah di
luar negeri dan bertemu teman-teman dari berbagai negara merupakan
kesempatan yang baik untuk menambah jaringan pertemanan kita. Kemampuan
bahasa inggris akan membantu kita untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman-teman
dari berbagai negara. Jaringan pertemanan ini sangatlah penting karena akan
semakin membuka peluang mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan berbagai
kesempatan bagus seperti bekerja di sebuah perusahaan idaman; dan (3) Nilai
tambah ketika akan bekerja, banyaknya perusahaan saat ini, baik perusahaan
lokal maupun perusahaan internasional yang menjadikan kemampuan bahasa
inggris ini sebagai persyaratan bagi calon pegawainya. Hal ini dilakukan oleh
perusahaan karena pekerjaan tidak saja datang dari dalam negeri, melainkan
dari luar negeri. Sehingga perusahaan-pun membutuhkan calon pegawai yang
mampu berbahasa inggris untuk kepentingan komunikasi dengan client yang
datang dari luar negeri.
Adapun cara mengetahui kemampuan bahasa inggris mahasiswa akan
dibuktikan melalui hasil nilai yang dihimpun dari Badan Akademik dan
Kemahasiswaa (BAK). Namun, berdasarkan hasil yang didapat dari Badan
Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan Poltera, didapat jika masih banyak nilai pre-test
Toefl mahasiswa yang belum mencapai target minimum 400 point. Padahal, di
akhir perkuliahan, mahasiswa Poltera diharapkan mampu bersaing lulusan
perguruan tinggi lain. Bahasa Inggris adalah bahasa yang penting, sehingga
penulis menilai pembuatan draft modul toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa
inggris 3 untuk meningkatkan nilai toefl mahasiswa politeknik negeri sangat
dibutuhkan oleh mahasiswa guna menghasilkan lulusan mahasiswa yang
sanggup bersaing dengan lulusan mahasiswa lainnya.
5
a. Sumber Isu
 Hasil nilai Pre-Test Toefl mahasiswa pada tahun Ajaran 2019/2020
 Hasil diskusi dengan dosen mata kuliah umum bahasa inggris
b. Analisis dampak Isu jika tidak terselesaikan

Dampak dari belum tersedianya modul Toefl Preparation pada
Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan nilai
Toefl Mahasiswa adalah:
- Rendahnya nilai Toefl Mahasiswa sebab modul pembelajaran pada
mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3 belum berfokus pada Toefl Preparation
- Rendahnya peluang mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan beasiswa ke
luar negeri karena persyaratan nilai Toefl
- Rendahnya kepercayaan diri mahasiswa ketika diminta untuk
berinteraksi dalam diskusi internasional karena kurangnya
kemampuan berbahasa inggris
B. Pelaksanaan Aktualisasi
1 Unit Kerja : Politeknik Negeri Madura
2 Isu yang diangkat : Belum tersedia modul toefl preparation pada
mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3 sebagai sarana
untuk meningkatkan nilai toefl mahasiswa
3 Gagasan pemecah isu : Pembuatan draft modul toefl preparation
mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3 untuk
meningkatkan nilai toefl mahasiswa politeknik
negeri Madura
6
TABEL 2.1. PELAKSANAAN AKTUALISASI
Analisis Dampak Nilai-Nilai

Keterkaitan
Kegiatan dan Penguatan Dasar PNS Tidak Diterapkan
Tahapan dan Proses Output dan Substansi Mata Kontribusi Terhadap Visi-
No Tanggal Nilai
kegiatan Bukti Fisik Pelatihan Agenda II Misi Organisasi
Pelaksanaan Organisasi
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Melakukan a. Studi Literatur  Literatur hasil a. Akuntabilitas: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi Proses mencari a. Jika nilai dasar berupa
pemilihan literature Proses: pencarian cermat, jujur, dan pada visi prodi yaitu menjadi referensi merupakan “bertanggung jawab
dan materi yang Penulis melakukan  Catatan hasil bertanggung program studi vokasi dalam bentuk upaya dalam (Akuntabilitas)” tidak
relevan sebagai pemilihan literatur, pemetan literatur. jawab. bidang pemeliharaan dan pembelajaran untuk diterapkan maka penulis
bahan pembuatan dan referensi lain  rangkuman, perbaikan mesin alat berat ingin berusaha tidak mampu memilah
draft modul Toefl dengan cermat, jujur, perihal peraturan, b. Nasionalisme : yang unggul, professional dan memperluas sumber data yang valid dari
preparation mata dan bertanggung literatur hasil Pemahaman berdaya saing internasional wawasan, beberapa sumber yang
kuliah bahasa jawab. konsultasi dengan peraturan, pada tahun 2025. pengetahuan dalam tersedia secara maksimal,
inggris 3 mentor menghargai mendapatkan karena akan cenderung
(Tanggal 27 Juli – b. Pemetaan Literatur  catatan hasil pendapat dan Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi sumber-sumber guna malas untuk mencari
03 Agustus 2020) Proses konsultasi. saran pada misi Institusi yaitu penyusunan draft banyak sumber guna
Setelah penulis  Foto pelaksanaan menyelenggarakan dan modul Memilah-milah penyusunan modul
mencari dan konsultasi, berupa c. Etika pubik : mengembangkan penelitian referensi dengan
mengunduhnya screenshoot sopan dan santun terapan yang bermanfaat bagi cermat dan teliti, serta b. Jika nilai dasar berupa “jujur
kemudian memilah percakapan atau pengembangan ilmu memanfaatkan waktu (Anti Korupsi)” tidak
berbagai macam video conference d. Komitmen mutu : pengetahuan dan teknologi seefisien dan se diterapkan yang merupakan
literatur, dan efektif dan efektif mungkin bagian dari akuntabilitas,
menerima saran dan efisiensi membantu dalam maka penulis akan kesulitan
pendapat dari proses nilai kreatif dalam menyesuaikam topic
beberapa sumber e. Anti Korupsi: dan inovatif dalam yang sangat dibutuhkan
dengan baik untuk jujur memecahkan siswa dan disesuaikan
mendapatkan mutu permasalahan yang dengan alokasi waktu yang
literatur yang baik Agenda III terkait dengan RPL di tersedia
a. Manajemen ASN lingkungan Poltera.
c. Pemahaman : mengikuti aturan c. Penulis menggunakan
Literatur dan tata tertib waktu secara “efektif dan
Proses efisien (Komitmen Mutu)”
Penulis menggunakan b. Pelayanan saat mempelajari peraturan
waktu secara efektif publik: dan literatur yang telah
dan efisien saat Memetakan didapatkan dari proses
mempelajari literature agar mencari dan mempetakan
peraturan dan literatur sesuai dengan literatur.
yang telah didapatkan kebutuhan
dari proses mencari pembelajaran
dan mempetakan mahasiswa
7
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
literatur. c. WoG: d. Jika nilai dasar berupa
Membuat janji “efektif dan efisien
d. Pemilihan media dan dan (Komitmen Mutu)” tidak
alat pengajaran Berkoordinasi diterapkan yang merupakan
Proses dan membuat bagian dari akuntabilitas,
Saya akan memilih janji dengan maka penulis akan
media dan alat teman sejawat mengahabiskan banyak
penunjang mengajar waktu saat mempelajari
yang sesuai dengan peraturan dan literatur yang
penuh yang akan telah didapatkan dari proses
sesuai dengan mencari dan mempetakan
kebutuhan mahasiswa literatur.
secara hati-hati,
selektif, dan penuh e. Jika nilai dasar berupa
tanggung jawab “sopan, cermat dan teliti”
sesuai dengan dalam membuat janji dan
kebutuhan berkoordinasi dengan
pembelajaran teman sejawat dari instansi
mahasiswa, lain dalam mencatat setiap
informasi perihal RPL pada
e. Penulis instansi lain maka penulis
menghubungi teman akan tertinggal informasi
sejawat yang penting.
Proses
Penulis membuat janji
dan berkoordinasi .
dengan teman
sejawat dari instansi
lain dengan sopan
dan mencatat
dengan cermat dan
detail setiap informasi
perihal RPL pada
instansi lain.
8
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 Mencari referensi a. Membuat janji Output: Beberapa Agenda II: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi Proses mencari a. Jika nilai dasar berupa
yang sesuai untuk dengan kolega referensi sebagai a. Akuntabilitas pada visi prodi yaitu menjadi referensi merupakan "membuat janji" dengan
pembuatan draft Proses bahan Tanggung Jawab program studi vokasi dalam bentuk upaya dalam kolega tidak saya terapkan
modul Toefl Saya akan Pembuatan moul bidang pemeliharaan dan pembelajaran untuk dengan baik ketika
preparation mata mengunjungi rumah b. Nasionalisme: perbaikan mesin alat berat ingin berusaha mengunjungi rumah kolega,
kuliah bahasa kolega yang Bukti Fisik: Religius yang unggul, professional dan memperluas maka akan berdampak
inggris 3 untuk mempunyai koleksi - Foto kegiatan berdaya saing internasional wawasan, pada sulitnya
meningkatkan nilai buku terkait draft - Catatan c. Etika public: pada tahun 2025. pengetahuan dalam berkomunikasi dengan baik
Toefl mahasiswa modul dengan pendukung materi Santun dan mendapatkan dan efisien.
politeknik negeri sebelumnya dan teori cermat Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi sumber-sumber guna
Madura membuat janji pada misi Institusi yaitu penyusuna draft b. Jika nilai dasar berupa
(Tanggal 04 – 10 terlebih dahulu d. Komitmen mutu: menyelenggarakan dan modul Memilah-milah "sopan dan memberi
Agustus 2020) efektif dan efisien mengembangkan penelitian referensi dengan salam" ketika penulis ke
b. Mengunjungi kolega terapan yang bermanfaat bagi cermat dan teliti, serta rumah rekan tidak
Proses e. Anti korupsi: pengembangan ilmu memanfaatkan waktu diterapkan maka nilai-nilai
Saya berkunjung ke Saling pengetahuan dan teknologi seefisien dan se dasar pns berupa santun
rumah beliau Bukti Fisik: menghormati dan efektif mungkin tidak akan teruwujud, dan
menggunakan baju - Foto kegiatan tanggung jawab membantu dalam meminjam buku-buku yang
yang sopan dan - Catatan buku- proses nilai kreatif dibutuhkan secukupnya dan
memberi salam buku pendukung Agenda III: dan inovatif dalam tidak mengembalikan tepat
hangat dan a. Pelayanan memecahkan waktu maka sifat amanah
meminjam buku-buku publik: permasalahan yang tidak bisa terwujud.
yang dibutuhkan Mengucapkan terkait dengan RPL di
secukupnya dan salam dan ramah lingkungan Poltera. c. Jika nilai dasar berupa
berjanji Bukti Fisik: "cermat dan penuh
mengembalikan tepat - Foto kegiatan b. Manajemen ASN: tanggung jawab" tidak
waktu dalam keadaan - Catatan materi Mencari materi diterapkan dalam menelaah
yang baik hasil browsing yang relevan, buku-buku referensi , maka
menyediakan penulis akan kesulitan
c. Menelaah buku-buku sumber belajar, dalam menyesuaikam topic
referensi baik dalam untuk kegiatan yang sangat dibutuhkan
maupun luar negeri belajar mengajar siswa dan disesuaikan
Proses dengan alokasi waktu yang
Saya akan menelaah c. WoG: tersedia.
dan membaca buku- Bertanya kepada
buku referensi Toefl teman sekolega d. Jika nilai dasar berupa
seperti dari Barron, buku yang "efektif dan efisien" dalam
maupun terbitan ETS mendukung untuk mencari data online
dan mempelajari penyusunan draft (Browsing) terkait materi-
9
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
buku-buku tersebut modul praktikum. materi yang relevan tidak
dengan cermat dan diterapkan maka penulis
penuh tanggung akan mengahabiskan
jawab. banyak waktu saat
mempelajari peraturan dan
d. Mencari data online literatur yang telah
(Browsing) terkait didapatkan dari proses
materi-materi yang mencari dan mempetakan
relevan yang akan literatur.
dibuat untuk
penyusunan draft
modul
Proses
Saya akan browsing
materi-materi yang
relevan dengan draft
modul di internet
dengan efektif dan
efisien yang bisa
secara langsung
mendukung
pembuatan draft
modul praktikum.
3 Mengadakan rapat a. Koordinasi dengan Output: Agenda II: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi a. Jika nilai dasar berupa
dan koordinasi pimpinan Hasil rapat dan a. Akuntabilitas pada visi prodi yaitu "tanggung jawab dan
untuk membahas Proses rancangan (Tanggung Jawab menjadi program studi vokasi sopan santun" tidak
draft modul Setelah didapatkan pembuatan draft dan kejelasan) dalam bidang pemeliharaan diterapkan dalam koordinasi
(Tanggal 11 – 14 literatur yang baik dan modul dan perbaikan mesin alat dengan pimpinan maka
Agustus 2020) relevan, dengan b. Nasionalisme berat yang unggul, nilai-nilai dasar pns berupa
penuh tanggung Bukti Fisik: (Cinta tanah air, professional dan berdaya santun tidak akan
jawab, Saya akan - Foto kegiatan Menghargai saing internasional pada tahun teruwujud, dan akan terjadi
menghubungi ketua - Catatan pendapat) 2025. kesalah pahaman.
program studi atau pendukung materi
rekan dosen dan teori c. Etika public Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi b. Jika nilai dasar berupa
selingkung tersebut (Santun, pada misi prodi yaitu menjalin "menghargai pendapat,
dengan sopan dan Menghargai kerjasasma dengan efektif dan efisien" tidak
Bahasa Indonesia komunikasi dan stakeholder untuk diterapkan dalam
yang baik dan benar kerjasama) meningkatkan kualitas lulusan Melakukan diskusi maka
10
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
untuk melakukan d. Komitmen mutu yang bersertifikasi nasional hasil diskusi yang bermutu
koordinasi dengan (efektif) dan internasional dan berkualitas baik tidak
baik dan sopan bisa terwujud.
untuk e. Anti korupsi
mengagendakan (tanggungjawab) c. Jika nilai dasar berupa
kejelasan waktu "cermat dan tanggung
pelaksaan diskusi Agenda III: jawab" dalam mencatat
yang melibatkan masukan dan saran dari
Direksi. a. Pelayanan ketua jurusan dan rekan
publik: dosen tidak diterapkan
b. Melakukan diskusi Berdiskusi dan maka penulis tidak bisa
Proses berkonsultasi merangkum masukan dan
Diskusi melibatkan dengan sopan gagasan secara detail
dosen selingkung, dan bahasa
guna memastikan Indonesia yang
kesesuaian materi baik
dan tema yang
digunakan dan b. WoG:
memastikan Menghubungi dan
kesesuaian membuat dengan
kebutuhan mahasiswa ketua program
Poltera. Dalam diskusi studi dan rekan
tersebut penulis dosen
mengutamakan
netralitas serta c. Manajemen ASN:
menerima dan Melaksanakan
menghargai arahan pimpinan
pendapat para (ketua program
peserta forum untuk studi)
mendapatkan
musyawarah
mufakat pada forum
diskusi tersebut.
Diskusi dilakukan
dengan efektif dan
efisien agar
didapatkan hasil
diskusi yang bermutu
dan berkualitas baik.
11
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
c. Membuat catatan
hasil dari hasil
diskusi dan
konsultasi dengan
ketua program studi
atau rekan dosen
dengan penuh
tanggung jawab
Proses
Saya akan mencatat
masukan dan saran
dari ketua jurusan dan
rekan dosen dengan
cermat dan
tanggung jawab agar
semua point dari
ketua jurusan dapat
terangkum dengan
baik sehingga dapat
saya buat secara
efektif sesuai
dengan kebutuhan
kampus
4 Menyusun draft a. Membuat layout Output: Agenda II: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi a. Jika nilai dasar berupa
modul modul yang Hasil susunan Draft a. Akuntabilitas pada visi prodi yaitu menjadi "amanah dan penuh
Toefl preparation menarik, rapi, dan modul Praktikum (Tanggung Jawab program studi vokasi dalam tanggung jawab" dalam
mata kuliah bahasa kekinian sehingga kimia dan integritas) bidang pemeliharaan dan Membuat layout modul yang
inggris 3 untuk membuat pembaca perbaikan mesin alat berat menarik dan rapi, maka
meningkatkan nilai tidak cepat bosan Bukti Fisik: b. Nasionalisme yang unggul, professional dan aspek keterbacaan tidak
Toefl mahasiswa Proses: - foto kegiatan (Amanah) berdaya saing internasional bisa terwujud dan tidak
politeknik negeri Saya akan membuat - Desain cover pada tahun 2025. sesuai dengan kebutuhan
Madura layout modul dengan c. Etika public mahasiswa.
(Tanggal 14 – 17 amanah dan penuh (Cermat dan Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi
Agustus 2020) tanggung jawab Pencapaian hasil) pada misi Institusi yaitu b. Jika nilai dasar berupa
sesuai hasil mufakat, menyelenggarakan dan "amanah, cermat dan
desain dibuat d. Komitmen mutu mengembangkan penelitian penuh tanggung jawab"
berdasarkan aspek (efisien) terapan yang bermanfaat bagi dalam Memperbaiki draft
keterbacaan agar pengembangan ilmu maka penulis akan kesulitan
12
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
bisa sesuai dengan e. Anti korupsi pengetahuan dan teknologi dalam menentukan buku
kebutuhan (tanggungjawab) referensi yang seusai
mahasiswa dengan draft modul secara
Agenda III: terencana dan efisien
b. Memperbaiki draft a. Manajemen ASN:
secara seksama membuat materi c. Jika nilai dasar berupa
disesuaikan dengan dan, menyediakan "cermat dan teliti" dalam
buku referensi yang sumber belajar, Mengecek dan
tepat media yang mengevaluasi kembali
Proses efektifitas dan mengenai isi dari draft maka
Saya akan membuat efisiensi untuk penulis tidak bisa
draft modul dengan kegiatan belajar merangkum hasil masukan
amanah, cermat dan mengajar untuk revisian draft modul
penuh tanggung secara detail
jawab agar modul
yang saya buat dapat
terencana secara
efisien
c. Mengecek dan
mengevaluasi
kembali mengenai
isi dari draft modul
Proses
Saya akan mengecek
dan mengevaluasi
kembali draft modul
dengan cermat dan
teliti
5 Melakukan rapat a. Membuat room Output: Rancangan Agenda II: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi a. Jika nilai berupa "sopan
dengan ketua melalui aplikasi evaluasi draft modul a. Akuntabilitas pada visi prodi yaitu menjadi dan Bahasa Indonesia
jurusan dan mentor zoom untuk diskusi (Tanggung Jawab program studi vokasi dalam yang baik dan benar"
untuk mengevaluasi terkait pembuatan Bukti Fisik: dan integritas) bidang pemeliharaan dan dalam diskusi terkait
draft modul yang draft modul sesuai - Catatan evaluasi perbaikan mesin alat berat pembuatan draft modul
sudah dibuat jadwal yang telah dan revisi b. Nasionalisme yang unggul, professional dan dengan dosen terkait tidak
(Tanggal 17 – 22 disepakati - Foto kegiatan (Cinta tanah air, berdaya saing internasional diterapkan, maka akan
Agustus 2020) Proses saling pada tahun 2025. terjadi missed
Saya akan membuat menghormat, communication.
13
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
room di zoom dengan menghargai Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi b. Jika nilai berupa "hormat
dosen selingkung pendapati) pada misi prodi yaitu menjalin dan sopan" dalam
tersebut dengan kerjasasma dengan Melakukan forum Tanya-
sopan dan Bahasa c. Etika publik stakeholder untuk jawab dengan ketua
Indonesia yang baik (menghargai meningkatkan kualitas lulusan program studi dan mentor
dan benar komunikasi) yang bersertifikasi nasional tidak diterapkan maka akan
dan internasional terjadi kesalahan
b. Melakukan forum d. Komitmen mutu komunikasi dan informasi
Tanya-jawab dengan (orientasi mutu) penting guna revisi draft
ketua program studi modul tidak bisa tersusun
dan mentor e. Anti korupsi dengan baik.
Proses (tanggungjawab)
Saya akan membuka c. Jika nilai berupa "cermat
ruang Tanya-jawab Agenda III: dan tanggung jawab"
dan berdiskusi dan a. Pelayanan Merangkum dan merevisi
berkonsultasi dengan publik: masukan yang diberikan
Bahasa Indonesia konsultasi dengan oleh ketua program studi
yang baik, dengan ketua program dan mentor tidak
hormat dan sopan studi dan mentor diterapkan, maka maka
serta menghargai dengan penuh penulis tidak bisa
segala masukan dan tanggungjawab merangkum masukan dan
saran yang diberikan agar draft modul gagasan secara detail
oleh ketua jurusan dibuat lebih
dan mentor. berkualitas
c. Merangkum dan b. WoG:

merevisi masukan Menghubungi
yang diberikan oleh ketua jurusan dan
ketua program studi dosen tersebut
dan mentor dengan sopan
Proses dan Bahasa
Saya akan Indonesia yang
merangkum, baik dan benar
mencatat, dan
merevisi masukan
dan saran dari ketua
jurusan dan mentor
dengan cermat dan
tanggung jawab. Jika
14
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ada revisi maka akan
segera saya perbaiki
dengan cepat, tepat
dan akurat
6 Melakukan simulasi a. Menghubungi pihak Output: Agenda II: Kegiatan ini akan berkontribusi a. Jika nilai dasar berupa
dan sosialisasi draft terkait untuk - Draft modul dalam a. Akuntabilitas pada visi prodi yaitu menjadi "berkomunikasi dengan
modul Toefl simulasi dan bentuk word yang (Keadilan dan program studi vokasi dalam baik dan benar" tidak
Preparation sosialisasi draft sudah mendapat Tanggung Jawab) bidang pemeliharaan dan diterapkan dalam
praktikum kepada modul masukan dari tanya- perbaikan mesin alat berat Menghubungi pihak terkait
mahasiswa Proses jawab b. Nasionalisme yang unggul, professional dan untuk simulasi dan
(Tanggal 22 – 25 Saya akan - Rancangan draft (Cinta tanah air, berdaya saing internasional sosialisasi draft modul maka
Agustus 2020) berkomunikasi berbentuk PPT menghargai pada tahun 2025. akan terjadi kesalahan
dengan mahasiswa untuk pendapat, dalam berkomunikasi
dan membuat dipresentasikan bersikap adil dan Kegiatan ini juga berkontribusi
undangan lewat wa tidak diskriminatif) pada misi institusi yaitu b. Jika nilai dasar berupa
group atau aplikasi menyelenggarakan sistem "kreatif, inovatif dan
sejenis dengan Bukti Fisik: c. Etika publik pengelolaan tridharma penuh tanggung jawab "
bahasa indonesia - Screenshot (menghargai perguruan tinggi dengan tidak diterapkan dalam
yang baik dan benar - Slide power point komunikasi, prinsip tata kelola yang baik Mempersiapkan materi
nondiskriminatif) untuk demo presentasi
b. Mempersiapkan d. Komitmen mutu modul maka presentasi
materi untuk demo (inovatif) akan menjadi
presentasi modul membosankan
Proses e. Anti korupsi
Saya akan membuat (tanggungjawab, c. Jika nilai dasar berupa
power point dengan adil dan disiplin) "menggunakan Bahasa
kreatif, inovatif dan Indonesia yang sopan,
penuh tanggung Agenda III: baik dan benar" tidak
jawab a. Manajemen ASN: diterapkan dalam
membuat materi Mempresentasikan hasil
c. Mempresentasikan dan, menyediakan draft modul secara online
hasil draft modul sumber belajar, dan forum tanya-jawab
secara online dan media yang dengan mahasiswa, maka
forum tanya-jawab efektifitas dan penulis tidak dapat
dengan mahasiswa efisiensi untuk menampung aspirasi dari
Proses kegiatan belajar mahasiswa dengan baik
Saya akan mengajar seperti dalam menampung
menghubungi pendapat terkait
15
Keterkaitan
No Tanggal Nilai
dan Agenda III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
mahasiswa dengan b. Pelayanan keterbacaan materi di
sopan dan Bahasa publik: modul
Indonesia yang baik ketika sesi tanya
dan benar serta jawab saya tidak
memulai presentasi membeda-
sesuai jadwal. Selain bedakan
itu ketika sesi tanya mahasiswa yang
jawab saya tidak ingin bertanya
membeda-bedakan serta menghargai
mahasiswa yang semua
ingin bertanya serta pertanyaan yang
menghargai semua ingin ditanyakan
pertanyaan yang oleh mahasiswa
ingin ditanyakan oleh
mahasiswa, dari hasil c. WoG:
akan diminta Saya akan
pendapat terkait menghubungi
keterbacaan materi di mahasiswa
modul dan aspek dengan sopan
terkait dan Bahasa
Indonesia yang
baik dan benar
serta memulai
presentasi sesuai
jadwal
16
C. Pelaksanaan kegiatan
Tabel 2.2. Pelaksanaan Aktualisasi
Bulan Juli Bulan Agustus

No Kegiatan Mingggu ke Minggu ke
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Melakukan pemilihan literature dan materi yang
1 relevan sebagai bahan pembuatan draft modul
Toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
Mencari referensi yang sesuai untuk pembuatan

draft modul Toefl preparation mata kuliah
2 bahasa inggris 3 untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl
mahasiswa politeknik negeri Madura
Mengadakan rapat dan koordinasi untuk

3 membahas draft modul
Menyusun draft modul

Toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
4 untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl mahasiswa
politeknik negeri Madura
Melakukan rapat dengan ketua jurusan dan

5 mentor untuk mengevaluasi draft modul yang
sudah dibuat
Melakukan simulasi dan sosialisasi draft modul

6 Toefl Preparation praktikum kepada mahasiswa
17
D. Kendala dan Strategi Mengatasi
Tabel 2.3. Kendala dan Strategi Mengatasinya
No Kendala Strategi Mengatasinya
1 Dalam mencari referensi yang sesuai untuk Menghubungi rekan dosen dari
pembuatan draft modul Toefl preparation, perguruan tinggi lain yang memiliki
terkendala dalam pencarian materi untuk material untuk audio listening
listening, terutama untuk audio recording
2. Dalam mencari referensi buku Toefl dari dosen Maka beliau mengirimkan referensi yang
luar instansi, ternyata dosen yang dihubungi beliau punya berupa soft file (ebook)
sedang melanjutkan studi ke luar negeri melalui email.
18
BAB III
PENUTUP
A. Kesimpulan
Laporan aktualisasi merupakan sebuah laporan yang berisikan
serangkaian kegiatan yang penulis lakukan dalam mengimplementasi nilai-nilai
nilai-Akuntabilitas, Nasionalisme, Etika, Komitmen mutu, dan Anti korupsi
(ANEKA) pada diri penulis. Terdapat enam pokok kegiatan yang dijabarkan
dalam laporan aktualisasi ini, yaitu:
a. Melakukan pemilihan materi yang relevan sebagai bahan pembuatan
modul Toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
b. Mencari referensi yang sesuai untuk pembuatan draft modul Toefl
Preparation pada Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3
c. Mengadakan rapat untuk membahas draft modul
d. Menyusun draft modul Toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl mahasiswa politeknik negeri Madura
e. Melakukan rapat dengan ketua jurusan dan mentor untuk mengevaluasi
draft modul yang sudah dibuat
f. Melakukan simulasi dan sosialisasi draft modul Toefl Preparation
praktikum kepada mahasiswa sekaligus untuk menguji keterbacaan
modul, dari hasil tersebut didapatkan hasil luaran berupa notulensi
B. Saran
1. Referensi buku untuk pembelajaran Toefl perlu ditambah
2. Penyediaan alat pemutar (speaker) untuk memutar audio listening
3. Penerapan nilai-nilai dasar ANEKA oleh penulis harus dilaksanakan
secara berkelanjutan dalam mendukung pelaksanaan Tridharma
Perguruan Tinggi di Politeknik Negeri Madura.
19
HALAMAN LAMPIRAN
20
LAMPIRAN
KEGIATAN
21
KEGIATAN 1
BUKTI FISK:
1. Catatan Studi Literatur yang lazim ada pada Toefl
2. Catatan Hasil Revisi dan Pemetaan Topik yang akan digunakan
3. Catatan Plotiing Pemetaan Waktu
4. Pemilihan media dan alat pengajaran
5. Penulis menghubungi teman sejawat
22
Rincian kegiatan:
Melakukan pemilihan literature dan materi yang relevan sebagai bahan pembuatan draft modul Toefl
preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3
a. Studi Literatur
Proses
Penulis melakukan pemilihan literatur, dan referensi lain dengan cermat, jujur, dan bertanggung
jawab.
Bab yang lazim muncul dalam Toefl
b. Pemetaan Literatur
Proses
Setelah penulis mencari dan mengunduhnya kemudian memilah berbagai macam literatur dengan
cermat untuk mendapatkan mutu literatur yang baik
Dari list yang muncul diatas, lalu dikerucutukan menjadi topik yang akan secara komprehensif diberikan
kepada mahasiswa, setelah mendapat masukan dari rekan sejawat dan disesuaikan dengan alokasi waktu
yang tersedia.
23
c. Pemahaman Literatur
Proses
Penulis menggunakan waktu secara efektif dan efisien saat mempelajari peraturan dan literatur yang
telah didapatkan dari proses mencari dan mempetakan literatur.
24
d. Pemilihan media dan alat pengajaran
Proses
Saya akan memilih media dan alat penunjang mengajar yang sesuai dengan penuh yang akan sesuai
dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa secara hati-hati, selektif, dan penuh tanggung jawab sesuai dengan
kebutuhan pembelajaran mahasiswa (Sumber data: https://vk.com/wall-139493160_509 )
25
e. Penulis menghubungi teman sejawat
Proses
Penulis membuat janji dan berkoordinasi dengan teman sejawat dari instansi lain dengan sopan dan
mencatat dengan cermat dan detail setiap informasi perihal RPL pada instansi lain.
26
KEGIATAN 2
Mencari referensi yang sesuai untuk pembuatan draft modul Toefl preparation mata kuliah bahasa
inggris 3 untuk meningkatkan nilai Toefl mahasiswa politeknik negeri Madura
BUKTI KEGIATAN:
 Screenshot Chat dengan Rekan dari intsansu lain
 Hasil Browsing
27
a. Membuat janji dengan kolega
Proses
Saya akan mengunjungi rumah kolega yang mempunyai koleksi buku terkait draft modul dengan
sebelumnya membuat janji terlebih dahulu
28
b. Menelaah buku-buku referensi baik dalam maupun luar negeri
Proses
Saya akan menelaah dan membaca buku-buku referensi Toefl seperti dari Barron, maupun terbitan ETS
dan mempelajari buku-buku tersebut dengan cermat dan penuh tanggung jawab.
29
c. Mencari data online (Browsing) terkait materi-materi yang relevan yang akan dibuat untuk
penyusunan draft modul
Proses
Saya akan browsing materi-materi yang relevan dengan draft modul di internet dengan efektif dan
efisien yang bisa secara langsung mendukung pembuatan draft modul praktikum.
Source: https://vk.com/ieltstoeflmaterials
30
KEGIATAN 3
Mengadakan rapat dan koordinasi untuk membahas draft modul
BUKTI FISIK:
 Hasil Foto diskusi dengan Ketua Jurusan

 Screenshot rapat dengan dosen selingkung
 Hasil Catatan/ feedback
31
a. Koordinasi dengan pimpinan
Koordinasi dengan Ketua Jurusan

TMAB
32
b. Melakukan diskusi dengan Dosen Selingkung,
Meeting dengan Dosen

Selingkung di Politeknik Negeri
Madura
33
C. Catatan Mauskan dari Ketua Jurusan dan Tim Dosen Bahasa Inggris
Catatan dari Pimpinan dan

Dosen Selingkung
34
KEGIATAN 4:
Menyusun draft modul
BUKTI FISIK
Draft Modul sesuai referensi yang telah ditentukan
35
POLITEKNIK
NEGERI Handbook of Toefl Preparation for TEKNIK MESIN ALAT BERAT
MADURA English 3
MODUL TOEFL PREPARATION

MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS 3
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN ALAT BERAT

POLITEKNIK NEGERI MADURA
2020
P a g e | ii
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
KATA PENGANTAR
Assalamu’alaikum, Wr. Wb.
Puji syukur Alhamdulillah penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah
memberikan rahmat, petunjuk,dan hidayah-Nya kepada penulis sehingga dapat menyelesaikan
pembuatan draft modul Toefl Preparation mata kuliah bahasa inggris 3 di jurusan Teknik
Mesin Alat Berat Politeknik Negeri Madura dengan tepat waktu. Era perdagangan bebas
menuntut kompetensi tinggi para pelakunya, termasuk dalam hal penguasaan bahasa asing.
Melihat kondisi dimana negara-negara di dunia cenderung meningkatkan proteksi terhadap
pasar dalam negeri akibat lesunya perekonomian dunia, maka peningkatan kemampuan
berbahasa Inggris melalui Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL ) untuk para
diplomat mutlak penting.
TOEFL atau Test of English as a Foreign Language adalah tes yang didesain untuk
mengukur kemampuan berbahasa Inggris bagi bukan penutur asli. Kemampuan berbahasa
inggris menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan perlu diperhatikan jika kita memiliki cita-cita
untuk kuliah di luar negeri. Saat ini sebagian besar universitas yang menerima mahasiswa dari
berbagai penjuru dunia, menggunakan bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa pengantar dalam
perkuliahan. Beberapa manfaat yang akan diperoleh mahasiswa ketika mempunyai
kemampuan Toefl yang baik, yaitu: (1) Membantu kelancaran studi perkuliahan di kelas,
beberapa universitas di luar negeri yang menerima mahasiswa dari berbagai negara akan
menggunakan bahasa inggris sebagai pengantar perkuliahannya; (2) Membantu untuk
bersosialisasi dan menjalin jaringan pertemanan, dengan melanjutkan kuliah di luar negeri
dan bertemu teman-teman dari berbagai negara merupakan kesempatan yang baik untuk
menambah jaringan pertemanan kita; dan (3) Nilai tambah ketika akan bekerja, banyaknya
perusahaan saat ini, baik perusahaan lokal maupun perusahaan internasional yang menjadikan
kemampuan bahasa inggris ini sebagai persyaratan bagi calon pegawainya. Hal ini dilakukan
oleh perusahaan karena pekerjaan tidak saja datang dari dalam negeri, melainkan dari luar
negeri. Sehingga perusahaan-pun membutuhkan calon pegawai yang mampu berbahasa
inggris untuk kepentingan komunikasi dengan client yang datang dari luar negeri.
Penulis menyadari masih banyak terdapat kekurangan yang ditemukan dalam
pembuatan draft modul ini. Sehingga kritik dan saran yang membangun sangat penulis
butuhkan guna perbaikan pada edisi berikutnya.

Penulis
Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
i
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
DAFTAR ISI
Kata pengantar............................................................................................................................. i
Daftar isi ..................................................................................................................................... ii
LISTENING ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
PRONOUN............................................................................................................................... 20
MODAL AUXILIARIES ......................................................................................................... 25
CAUSATIVE VERBS ............................................................................................................. 30
SUBJUNCTIVE ....................................................................................................................... 35
TENSES ................................................................................................................................... 40
PASSIVE .................................................................................................................................. 45
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT ............................................................................................ 50
PARALLEL STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................... 55
COMPARATIVES ................................................................................................................... 60
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ............................................................................................... 65
ANTICIPATORY IT................................................................................................................ 70
CONJUNCTIONS .................................................................................................................... 75
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE AND ADJECTIVE PHRASE ........................................................... 80
SINGULAR-PLURAL FORMS COUNT NONCOUNT ........................................................ 20
READING ................................................................................................................................ 75
Daftar Pustaka .......................................................................................................................... 87
ii
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Listening
3
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
SECTION 1
LISTENING COMPREHENSION
In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand
conversations and talks in English. There are three parts of this section, with special directions for each part.
Answer all the questions based on what is stated or implied by the speakers you hear. Do not take notes or write
in your test book at any time. Do not turn the pages until you are told to do so.
Part A
Directions: In part A you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation,
you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After
you hear a questions, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on
your answer sheet, find the number of the questions and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen.
Listen to an example.
On the recording you will hear:
In your test book you will read:

(A) The exam was really awful.
(B) It was the worst exam she had ever seen.
(C) It couldn’t have been more difficult.
(D) It wasn’t that hard.
You learn from the conversation that the man thought the exam was very difficult and that the woman
disagreed with the man. The best answer to the question, “What does the woman mean?” is (D), “It wasn’t that
hard.” Therefore, the correct choice is (D).
1 A) He’ll correct the exam this 6 A) He thinks he got a good grade.

4
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
afternoon. B) The history grade were all C

B) The exam will be at noon. or above.
C) He will collect the exams at C) No one got history grades.
12:00. D) There were no high scores.
D) The tests will be graded by noon.
2 A) Martha applied for a visa last 7 A) The parking lots were full
month. before 10:00.
B) Martha’s visa will last for only a B) It was impossible to start class
month. by 10:00.
C) Martha arrived last month without C) He parked the car before class
her visa. at 10:00.
D) One month ago Martha got her D) The possibility of finding a
visa. place to park increased.
3 A) The professor described what the 8 A) She’s found a new ring.

students should do. B) She needs to help him find
B) There was a long line to register something.
for the required class. C) She’s shopping for a carpet.
C) It is a requirement for each D) She’s thankful she has a rag.
professor to teach at least one
course.
D) The professor required the class to
prepare an outline.
4 A) Chuck had improved. 9 A) In a department store.

B) This visit was better than last. B) In a bank.
C) Chuck looked at him in the C) In an accounting firm.
hospital. D) In a checkout line.
D) Chuck didn’t seem to be doing
very well.
5 A) She thinks the tuition should be 10 A) Jane usually visits San

raised. Francisco for her vacations.
B) The semester’s tuition is quite B) Jane’s cousin often visits san
affordable. Francisco.
C) She doesn’t have enough money C) Whenever there’s holiday,
for her school fee. Jane’s cousin goes to San
D) She has more than enough for Francisco.
tuition. D) Whenever there’s a holiday,
Jane leaves San Francisco.
5
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
11 A) He’d really like to have 17 A) The cake is extremely good.

something to eat. B) He never tasted the cake.
B) Because he’s weak, he can’t eat. C) He wished he hadn’t tasted the
C) It’s been weeks since he’s had cake.
anything to eat. D) The cake has never been very
D) He hasn’t felt like eating for good.
weeks.
12 A) Traffic should not be allowed. 18 A) At the corner she ran into

B) She thinks that the traffic should another Carl.
stay outside. B) She ran to Carl because she
C) She agrees that the traffic is noisy. cared.
D) She’ll stay outside with the man. C) She unexpectedly met one for
her relatives.
D) Carl was running from place
to place.
13 A) The headings for today’s. 19 A) She shouldn’t leave her purse

B) The chance to make the headlines. here.
C) Her reading ability. B) She’s probably in the
D) apartment.
C) Her purse must not be in the
apartment.
D) She left without talking her
purse.
14 A) The bus trip is only five minutes 20 A) The landlord failed to collect
long. rent on the first of last month.
B) The man missed the bus by five B) The tenants absolutely must
minutes. pay rent at the beginning of
the month.
C) The man should hurry to catch the C) The landlord will not fail to
bus. collect your rent on the first of
next month.
D) The bus was five minutes late. D) It is important to call the
landlord about rent on the first
of the month.
15 A) It’s not possible to pass the class. 21 A) Talking the car out for a test
drive.
B) She’ll definitely fail. B) Listening to the noises.
C) It’s always possible. C) Fixing the car herself.
D) She shouldn’t say anything. D) Getting the car repaired.
16 A) She gave Tom money to pay the 22 A) Martha’s job’s are easy.
rent.
B) She was given money for the rent. B) It’s easy to hold two jobs.
6
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
C) Tom borrowed money for the C) It’s better for Martha to have
rent. two jobs.
D) She had some money to lend. D) Martha should slow down.
23 A) The place took off just after he 27 A) Mr. Drew pointedly asked the
arrived. presidents about the
B) He arrived just after the place committee.
took off. B) The president pointed to Mr.
C) He wasn’t in time to catch the Drew’s head.
place. C) Mr. Drew became head of the
D) He arrived too late to catch the new commission.
plane. D) Mr. Drew was committed to
the president’s.
24 A) He agrees with the woman’s 28 A) She left inferior.

suggestion. B) She wasn’t furious.
B) Parking is not free on the C) She felt there should have
weekend. been more fairness.
C) It is not necessary for them to D) She was extremely angry.
park.
D) He thinks they don’t have to.
25 A) He is eager to leave his job. 29 A) The man would do the dishes.

B) He is unhappy at the thought of B) The plates did not need to be
retiring. washed.
C) He couldn’t be unhappier about C) The man would not be ready
retired to go.
D) He is retiring too soon. D) The dishes would not be done.
26 A) He got the car he really wanted. 30 A) He knew that grapes were

B) He didn’t get a new car. cheaper than cherries.
C) The car that he got was not his B) He didn’t know that grapes
first choice. were cheaper that cherries.
D) He didn’t really want a new car. C) He bought grapes because they
were cheaper than cherries.
D) He didn’t buy either grapes or
cherries because of the price.
Part B
7
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each
conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be
repeated.
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the
best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Remember, you are not allowed to take
notes or write in your test book.
31 A) Attend to football game alone. 35 A) Trash orbiting Earth.

B) Go to a sporting event. B) A trip by an astronaut to the
C) Eat in the cafeteria. Moon.
D) See a play. C) The overabundance of garbage
on Earth.
D) Becoming space scientists.
32 A) It’s the final game of the season. 36 A) From a lecture.

B) It’s better than the drama B) In a magazine article.
department’s play. C) In a book.
C) It’s very important game. D) On a television program.
D) It’s close to the cafeteria.
33 A) A play. 37 A) 17,000 pounds.

B) A game. B) 3,000 pounds.
C) A study group meeting. C) 3,000 tons.
D) Dinner in the cafeteria. D) 300 tons.
34 A) Saturday night. 38 A) She will be able to travel in

B) After dinner in the cafeteria. space.
C) Sunday afternoon. B) The problem will take care of
D) Maybe next weekend. itself.
C) Scientists will find solutions to
the problem.
D) The junk will fall to Earth.
Part C
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several talks. After each talk you will hear
8
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated.

After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the
best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Here is an example.
On the recording, you will hear:
Now listen to a sample question.
In your test book, you will read:
(A) Art from America’s inner cities
(B) Art from the central region of the United States
(C) Art from various urban areas in the United States
(D) Art from rural sections of America
*The best answer to the question, “What style of painting is known as American regionalist?” is
(D) “Art from rural sections of America” Therefore, the correct choice is (D).
Now listen to another sample question.

In your test book, you will read:
(A) “American Regionalist”
(B) “The family farm in Iowa”
(C) “American Gothic”
(D) “A serious Couple”
*The best answer to the question, “What is the name of wood’s most successful painting?” is (C),
“American Gothic ” Therefore, the correct choice is (C).
Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.
39 A) On the first day of class. 43 A) (A) In winter.

B) In The middle of the semester. B) (B) In spring.
C) At the end of class. C) (C) In summer.
D) In the final week of the semester. D) (D) In fall.
40 A) Later today. 44 A) Seasonable, with warm

B) By Friday of this week. summers and cold winters.
C) In two weeks. B) Fairly constant and moderate.
D) In three weeks. C) Very humid.
D) Extremely hot year-round.
41 A) Journal and magazine articles. 45 A) They come from the

B) Books from outside the library. Southwest.
C) Books listed in student journals. B) They come most days of the
D) Both book and journals. year.
C) They are the hardest during
the night.
D) They increase the humidity.
9
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
42 A) Two.
B) Three.
C) Five.
D) Seven.
47 A) Modern American Authors. 49 A) It’s poem about the author.

B) United States history. B) It’s poem about Abraham
C) American Democracy. Lincoln.
D) Nineteenth-Century American C) The collection of twelve
Literature. poems that remained
unchanged.
D) It’s a volume a poetry that
grew with its author.
48 A) The death of Abraham Lincoln. 50 A) “Leave of Grass”.

B) The beauty of American B) “Song of Myself”.
democracy. C) “When Lilacs Last in the
C) The raising of plants. Dooryard Bloomed”.
D) The maturity of poetry. D) “American Democracy”.
10
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
11
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
STRUCTURE
12
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit I
Pronoun
Kinds of Subject Object Possessive Possessive

Pronoun Pronoun Adjective
I Me Mine My hand
You You Yours Your hand
Singular She Her Hers Her hand
He Him His His hand
It It Its Its hand
We Us Ours Our hands

Plural You You Yours Your hands
They Them Theirs Their hands
Example:
Indonesia is a beautiful country. It has many tigers in the jungle. That will be very difficult to see them
in their true environment.
Pronoun “it” is in the subject position. The pronoun “them” is the object pronoun and refers to the tigers.
The pronoun “their” is in the possessive adjective form because the environment discussed in sentence is
that “environment of the tigers”.
Possessive pronouns or adjectives are usually used with reference to parts of the body.
Examples:
1. She put the scarf on her neck every night.
2. She has a beautiful ring in her finger.
3. The boy we talked about is the one with a hat on his head.
13
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Observe the following example. Does the pronoun or possessive adjective agree with the word it refers
to?
Example:
The little girl has a beautiful necklace on her neck, and the little boy has a great hat on his head.
If “a beautiful necklace” is put on belongs to “the little girl”, the possessive adjective must agree with the
word “the little girl”. If the “hat” is put on belongs to “the little boy”, the possessive pronoun must agree with
the word “the little boy”. If something in the sentence indicates that the “hat” they put on belong to someone
else, agreement must be made between the possessive pronoun or adjective and that other person.
Exercise
A. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect!
1. When he comes back from vacation, Bob and me plan to look for another apartment.
When he comes back from vacation, Bob and I plan to look for another apartment.
2. The bus leaves Ted and she at the corner.
The bus leaves Ted and her at the corner.
B. Choose the Correct Answer!
1. The jaw structure of a snake permits it to eat and digest animals much larger than ___.
A. it
B. its
C. itself
D. it has
14
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
2. Sports medicine experts agree that ice should be applied immediately when an athlete suffers an injury to
___ leg.
A. its
B. an
C. the
D. his
3. One property of radioisotopes is that ___ decaying occurs in half-lives over a long period of time.
A. they
B. them
C. they’re
D. their
4. Since the earth’s crust is much thicker under the continents, equipment would have to be capable of
drilling through 100,000 feet of rock to investigate the mantle ___.
A. beneath them
B. beneath their
C. beneath its
D. beneath they
5. There are ten children playing in the yard near my house, but your child is not ___.
A. among them
B. among us
C. among their
D. among theirs
6. The policemen ordered the suspect not to remove ___ from the hood of the car.
A. their hands
B. his hands
C. them hands
D. him hands
15
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
7. The human body relies on certain nutrients for ___ survival.

A. it
B. its
C. his
D. hers
8. The company has so little money that ___ cannot hardly operate anymore.
A. it
B. their
C. its
D. they
9. The students were interested in taking a field trip to The National History Museum, but ___ were not able
to raise enough money.
A. them
B. their
C. they
D. theirs
10. Seals can keep ___ because they have a thick layer of blubber under their fur.
A. their warm
B. they warm
C. them warm
D. warm themselves
C. Choose A, B, C or D as the word/phrases should not be in these following sentences!

1. According to the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, no person should be
A B
compelled to be a witness against him own.
C D
16
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
2. According to the theory of natural selection, the man who was able to use
the hand and feet most freely to walk and grasp was the one who survived and
A B C D
evolved.
3. Although Barney Clark lived only a few months with that artificial heart, doctors were
A
able to learn a great deal from him having used it.
B C D
4. According to Amazon legends, men were forced to do all of the household tasks for
A B
the women warriors who governed and protected the cities for they.
C D
5. After she had bought himself a new automobile, she sold her bicycle.
A B C D
6. Before my parents went home, she had bought me some food.
A B C D
7. Peter and Tom play tennis every morning with Mary and I
A B C D
8. A mosquito’s wings move about one hundred times per second. Them wing movement
A B C
is the sound we hear when a mosquito is humming in our ears.
D
9. If it is kept dry, a seed can still sprout up to forty years after their formation.
A B C D
10. Because Sam and Michelle had done all of the work theirselves, they were unwilling
A B C
to give the results to Joan.
D
17
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 2
Modal Auxiliaries
The modal auxiliaries in English are: can, could, had better, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should,
will, and would rather. Modal auxiliaries generally express a speaker’s attitude, or “moods”. For example,
modals can express that a speaker feels something is necessary, advisable, permissible, possible, or
probable and addition, they can convey the strength of these attitudes.
The modal auxiliaries have a number of different meanings. They are used to indicate something
which is potential or uncertain. Remember that a modal is an auxiliary, and thus is never used with “do”,
“does”, or “did”.
Modal Uses Present/ Future Past

1. Strong necessity You must study hard
Must 2. Prohibition You must not leave the class
3. 95% certainty Bob is not in the office now. He Bob must have arranged
must have something to do outside the meeting.
1. Necessity You have to study hard
Have to 2. Lack of necessity You don’t have to go to office
tomorrow.
1. Polite request May I have a glass of water?
May 2. Formal permission You may go to Australia
3. Less than 50% What is George doing now? He He may have been in his
Certainty may be learning in his room. room
Might Less than 50% Robert might be sleeping now. Robert might have slept
certainty now.
Be Ability I am able to speak English.
able to
1. Ability I can speak English I could play badminton
well when I was young.
Can 2. Informal polite Can you lend me your computer?
Request
3. Informal You can use my computer
Permission
1. Past ability I could play badminton
well when I was young.
2. Polite request Could I borrow your English
book?
Could 3. Suggestion You could see the doctor to get You could have seen the
better soon. doctor to get better soon.
4. Certainty less than William could be at his room William could have been at
50% his room.
5. Impossible thing It couldn’t be false! It couldn’t have been
false!
18
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
1. 100% certainty I will be in the office before 8

Will 2. Willingness Someone knocks the door. I’ll
open it.
3. Polite request Will you lend me your car?
1. Polite request Would you lend me your

car?
2. Preference I would rather study in my I would rather have studied
Would room than play in the yard. in my room.
3. Repeated action I would play every
in the past afternoon in the yard
with my friends when I was
young.
1. 100% necessity I am going to be here before
Be going 8
to 2. Definite plan I am going to go to Australia next I was going to go to
week. Australia, but I didn’t have
enough money.
1. Polite request Shall I turn off the lamp?
Shall to make suggestion
2. Future with “I” or We shall visit her soon.
“we” as subject
1. Advisability You should study hard You should have studied
Should before exam. hard before exam.
2. 90 % certainty She should consume her She should have consumed
medicine. her medicine.
Had Advisability with threat You had better study hard or you
better or bad result will fail.
Would Preference I would rather stay at home than I would rather have stayed at
rather play in the yard home than play in the yard
Exercises.
1. After you show me the way, I can to go by myself.

After you show me the way, I can go by myself
2. You had better to hurry if you don’t want to miss the bus.
You had better hurry if you don’t want to miss the bus.
3. If you don’t mind, I’d rather not to serve on the committee.
19
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
If you don’t mind, I’d rather not serve on the committee.
B. Choose the correct answer!
1. Suzy had better ___her study habits if she hopes to be admitted to a good university.
A. to change
B. change
C. changing
D. changes
2. A future system of solid waste management should ___ with reduction in the amount of waste.
A. begun
B. begin
C. began
D. to begin
3. The theory of Continental Drift assumes that there ___ long term climatic changes in many areas during
the past.
A. must have been
B. must have
C. must be
D. must
4. The general public ___ a large number of computers now, because prices are beginning to decrease
A. must buy
B. must have bought
C. must be buying
D. must buying
5. A fish must constantly ___ water in order to keep a current flowing through its delicate gills.
A. gulp
B. gulping
C. gulps
D. to gulp
6. The prices of homes are so high in urban areas that most young people cannot ___ to buy them.
A. to afford
B. affords
C. affording
20
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
D. afford
7. To check for acidity, one had better ___ litmus paper.

A. use
B. to use
C. to use
D. useful
8. The great apes, a generally peaceful species, ___ in groups.

A. would rather living
B. would rather they live
C. would rather live
D. would rather lived
9. He told me a lot about the Philippines. He ___ there for a long time.
A. must have lived
B. ought to be lived
C. might be living
D. should be living
10. When we got home, we found the front door open. Somebody ___ entered the house while we were
away.
A. must have
B. would have
C. ought to have
D. should have
B. Choose A, B, C or D as the word/phrases should not be in these following sentences!
1. Because doctors are treating more people of skin cancer, it is widely believed that changes in the
A B C
protective layers of the earth’s atmosphere must produced harmful effects.
D
2. Sagebrush flourishes in the dry soil of the western plains, where many other plants cannot grows.
A B C D
3. People would rather to hear the positive things being talked about than the negatives.
A B C D
4. Some astronomers contend that in ancient times, the Big Horn Medicine Wheel, an arrangement of
stones
21
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
A
in Wyoming, must have serve as sighting points for observations of the sun.
B C D
5. The Amish people, descended from the Germans and Swiss, would rather using horses than machines for
A B
transportation and farm work because they believe that a simple life keeps them closer to God.
C D
6. In today’s competitive markets, even small businesses had better to advertise on TV and radio in order
A B C
to gain a share of the market.
D
7. Some plants produce irritating poisons that can affecting a person even if he or she merely brushes
A B C
against them.
D
8. India must not treated the Eurozone crisis lightly, even though the crisis may appear to be playing out at
A B C
a distance.
D
9. There are certain things you should not shared on social networks for your own safety.
A B C D
10. Sheep must have mate in fall since the young were born in early spring last year.
A B C D
22
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 3
Causative Verbs
“Make, have, and get” can be used to express the idea that “someone” causes “another” to do something.
“Make” and “have” are followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive.
Subject Have/make Complement (person) Simple verb

My mother had the maid clean the floor
The teacher makes the students do the assignment
* The causative verb “have” gives the idea that “A” requests “B” to do something.
* The causative verb “make” has stronger meaning than have and get. Its meaning is “force”.
* “Get” is followed by infinitive.
S Get Complement (person) Infinitive

Jim gets his sister to help him
John gets his friends to play soccer with him
* The causative “get” gives the idea that “A” persuades “B” to do something.
Passive form of causative verb:
S Get/have/make Complement (things) V3 (past participle)

Jim has the car Repaired
John gets the letter Typed
George made the clothes washed
Exercise
1. The teacher made John to leave the class.

2. Ellen got Marley paint the wall.
3. The policeman made the robber lie on the ground.
4. Maria had Gene prepare the meal.
5. We have to have our children to study hard.
23
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
1. Nadia will have her friend ___ her essay assignment next week.
a. submit
b. submitted
c. submitting
d. to submit
2. The students are getting the lecturer ___ the schedule.

a. change
b. changing
c. to change
d. changed
3. The attorney had his client ___ the possibility of winning the case.
a. consider
b. considering
c. to consider
d. considered
4. All people make the new leader ___ the need for justice and equality.
a. emphasize
b. emphasizing
c. to emphasize
d. emphasized
5. The instructor had the trainees ___ a project report.

a. making
b. make
c. made
d. to make
6. The test administrator made us not ___ our books until he told us to do so.
a. open
b. to open
c. opening
d. opened
7. Jack always gets me ___ beside him.

a. not to smoke
b. no smoking
24
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. not smoking
d. not smoke
8. The speaker is getting the audience ___ to his speech.

a. listen
b. listened
c. listening
d. to listen
9. The principal always has the students ___ the school rules.
a. obey
b. obeying
c. to obey
d. obeyed
10. The new government will have the budget of education ___.
a. increased
b. to increase
c. increase
d. increasing
1. Luis got his sister read his class assignment, and then asked her to write the report for
A B
him because he did not have enough time.
C D
2. The director had them to work in committees to plan a more effective advertising
A B C
campaign for a new product.
D
3. James’ lecturer had him to rewrite his thesis many times before allowing him to
A B C
present it to the committee.
D
4. I always go to the hairdresser’s to have my hair to cut every month.
A B C D
5. Why don’t you make her doing it herself.
A B C D
6. Hendry always gets the room cleanly every day.
A B C D
25
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
7. Father will have the mechanic repaired my car before I use it tomorrow.
A B C D
8. The police officer had the suspect to fill the form.
A B C D
9. Nadine usually gets the woman sweep the floor in the morning.
A B C D
10. Father will have the room clean before the guests arrive.
A B C D
Unit 4
Subjunctive
The subjunctive verb form is used in noun clauses that express suggestion, possibility, or
requirement. The subjunctive verb is indicating that one person wants another person to do something.
Subjunctive verbs do not have present, past, or future form, they are neither singular nor plural. The clause is
always introduced by that and the verb is in the simple form. It also can be in the form of “be”.
For examples:
a) Mr. Frank demands that his manager submit the weekly report as soon as possible.
b) Monica is asking that we attend her graduation ceremony next week.
c) The monk insisted that the tourist not enter the temple until they had removed their shoes.
d) Professor William suggested that Wilma should study harder for the final exam.
e) It is important that you be standing there when he gets off the plane
f) Christine demanded that I be allowed to take part in the negotiations.
[S + V] or [it + is/was + adjective] + that + S + V1 or be

[S + V] or [it + is/was + adjective]+ that + S + not V1 or be
*Note: “Should” is also possible used after the verbs suggest, recommend, and insist.
VERBS ADJECTIV
ES
26
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
demand command ask it is crucial it is necessary
insist propose request it is essential it is imperative
suggest require urge it is important it is urgent
recommend decree advise it is vital
*Note:
A. Do NOT use a present or past tense verb instead of a verb word.
B. Do NOT use a modal before the verb word.
Exercise
1. Mr. Adams insisted that we be careful in our writing.
2. It is essential that no one will be admitted to the room without proper identification.
3. It is vital that no one else know about the secret government operation.
4. I requested that I permit to change my class.
5. Her advisor recommended that she takes five courses.

1. It is imperative that he___home immediately.
a. returns
b. return
c. will return
d. shall return
2. The government proposed that a new high way ___.

a. is built
b. will be built
c. builds
d. be built
3. She specifically asked that I ___anyone else about it.

a. not tell
b. does not tell
27
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. will not tell

d. do not tell
4. It is imperative that the government___poverty.

a. eradicate
b. eradicates
c. not eradicate
d. does not eradicate
5. It is necessary that calcium ___for the development of strong bones and teeth.
a. be used
b. will be used
c. is used
d. used
6. The judge insisted that the jury___a verdict immediately.

a. return
b. returning
c. returned
d. returns
7. The university requires that all its students___this course.

a. taking
b. took
c. take
d. are taking
8. Congress has recommended that the gasoline tax ___abolished.

a. be
b. is
28
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. was
d. to be
9. It is imperative that the committee___discussion on this issue

a. suspended
b. suspending
c. suspend
d. suspends
10. It is advised that you ___the prerequisites before registering for this course.
a. takes
b. took
c. take
d. to take
11. It is essential that the temperature is not elevated to a point where the substance
A B
formed may become unstable and decompose into its constituent elements.
C D
12. When a patient’s blood pressure is much higher than it should be, a doctor usually
A B C
insists that he will not smoke.
D
13. He insisted that the food is canned for later consumption.
A B C D
14. The instructor recommended that everyone takes the placement test.
A B C D
15. The government urged that all citizens will vote in the next election.
A B C D
16. It is most important that he speaks to the dean before leaving for his vacation.
A B C D
17. It was suggested that Pedro studies the materials more thoroughly before
A B
attempting to pass the exam.
C D
18. The doctor advised Mr. Andrew that he lies in bed for a few days as a precaution
29
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
A B C
against further damage to the tendons.
D
19. It is urgent that the committee will study the proposals before making a decision.
A B C D
20. The director suggested that his staff to plan a more effective advertising campaign
A B C
for the new product.
D
30
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 5
Tenses
 THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE This tense is used:
1. To show that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It
expresses general statement of fact and timeless truth.
Example :
The sun rises in the east. (general truth)
2. To express habitual or everyday activities.

Example:
I go to school every day. (habitual activities)
Time signal used in simple present tense:

• Every morning
• Every day
• Every night
• Every Sunday
*Note : Simple present tense is used with “stative” verbs to show the present time, that is something
happening now. Some stative verbs are as follow :
• Be • Own
• Believe • Sound
• Have • Weigh
• Love • Smell
• See • Want
• Like • Understand
• See • Hate
• Taste • Hear
• Know
Example :
31
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
1. I like eating apples. (Correct)

2. I am liking eating apples. (Incorrect)
Pattern
Subject Verb (s/es) Object
I
They
We
You eat
study apples
The students
Mathematics
He eats
She studies
It
 THE SIMPLE PRESENT PROGRESISVE TENSE This tense is used:

1. To express an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is a temporary activity, began in
the past, is happening at present, and will probably end at some point in the future.
2. To express something generally in progress this week, this month, this year.
Pattern:
Subject Be V-ing
I am
They
We
You
are
The students
sleeping
He
She
It
is
George
Example :
1. Bob is watching television right now.
32
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
2. The students are taking some courses this year.
 THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE This tense is used:

1. To indicate that an activity or situation began in the past and ended at a particular time in the past.
Example:
I lived in USA last year.
2. To indicate an action that occurred over a period of time but was completed in the past.
Example:
My mother worked in the office in 2004.
3. To show an activity that took place regularly in the past.

Example:
When he was young, he went to school by bike every day.
Pattern
Subject Past verb
I
They
We
You
The
He students
She
It slept
George
* Note : Remember, there are two kinds of verbs. There are regular verbs and irregular
verbs.
 THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE This tense is used:

1. To indicate an activity that interrupted actions
Example:
33
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
The teacher was explaining in front of the class when someone knocked the door.
2. To show a continuous state or repeated action in the past.

Example:
I was watching movie at that time.
3. To show an event planned in the past.

Example:
She planned to continue her study but she did not have not a chance to do it.
Pattern
Subject Be V-ing
I was
They
We
You
were
The students
He
She sleeping
It
was
George
 THE PERFECT TENSE This tense is used:

1. To show an action that happened at an unspecified time.
Example:
I have ever gone to Melbourne.
2. To show an action that has recently occurred.

Example:
I have just finished my work.
3. To show an action that happened in the past and continuous up to the present.
34
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Example:
I have lived in Indonesia for eight years.
4. An action that happened repeatedly before now.

Example:
I have visited her twice.
Pattern
Subject Have Past participle Past participle Object
/has Regular verb Irregular verb
They
We
You have
The students
He
She studied learnt Mathematics
It
has English
George
 THE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE This tense is used:

1. To show an action that began in the past and continuous in the present.
Example:
She has been studying law in the great university.
2. To show an action repeated over a period of time in the past and continuing in the present.
Example:
I have been living in Melbourne since three years ago.
Pattern:
35
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Subject Have/has Past participle V-ing
I
They
We
You Have
The students
He
She sleeping
It
been
Has
George
Exercise
1. Please, be quiet. I am trying to concentrate.
2. Kathy is always washing her hair every other day.
3. I called Mary last night.
4. In her whole life time, she has never see snow.
5. She will probably attends the meeting.
1. A: ” How long has she been the principal of our school?” B: “ Since I ___ this
school.”
a. was entering
b. would entered
c. have entered
d. entered
2. A: “ Can I borrow your magazine?” B: “ I’ am sorry, my sister ___ it.

a. is still reading
b. will still read
c. has been reading
d. still reads
36
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
3. “ Oh dear! I forgot to bring my dictionary”. “ That’s all right. I ___ you mine.”
a. am lending.
b. will lend
c. am going to lend
d. will be lending
4. “Where is my dictionary? It was on my desk.” “Perhaps, somebody ___ it.”

a. takes
b. is taking
c. has taken
d. had taken
5. Political demonstrations on American campuses have abated ___ 1970.

a. after
b. for
c. in
d. since
6. People who have very little technical background have ___ to understand computer language.
a. learn
b. learned
c. learning
d. learns
7. Before the Angles and Saxons ___ to England, the Ibarians had lived there.
a. came
b. had come
c. comes
d. has come
8. My nephew ___ working for me about ten years ago.

a. begun
37
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
b. have begun
c. begin
d. began
9. Doctoral students who are preparing to take their qualifying examinations have been studying in the
library every night ___ the last three months.
a. since
b. before
c. until
d. after
10. The internal Revenue service ___ their tax forms by April 15 every year.
a. makes
b. is making
c. make
d. has made
11. Before she died, Andrew Jackson’s daughter, who lives in the family mansion, used to
A B C
take tourists through her home.
D
12. Aging in most animals can be readily modified when they will limit caloric intake.
A B C D
13. Two of the players from the Yankees has been chosen to participate in All Star game.
A B C D
14. The first electric lamp had two carbon rods from which vapor serves to conduct the
A B C D
current across the gap.
15. Before dinosaurs became extinct, plant life is very different on earth.
A B C D
16. When Columbus seen the new world, he thought that he had reached the East
A B C
Indies by way of a Western route.
38
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
D
17. Nerve impulses will send sensation to the brain at a speed of about one hundred yards
A B C
per second.
D
18. In 1970, according to the National Center for Health Statistics, the average life
A B
expectancy for people born during year is 72.4 years.
C D
19. The professor had already given the homework assignment when he had remembered
A B
that Monday was a holiday.
C D
20. John lived in New York for 1990 to 2000, but he is now living in Detroit.
A B C D
39
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 6
Passive
A. Form
Study the following sentences and pay attention to the parts which are printed in bold:
1. The visitor is asked to stand in line by the zoo’s staff.
2. The visitor is being asked to stand in line by the zoo’s staff.
3. The visitor has been asked to stan
Pattern
TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (V3)
*to be : am, is, are, was, were, be, and been.
a. am, is, are : present tenses b. was, were : past tenses
c. be : modal, future d. been : perfect
B. Uses
Like many other languages, English sentences also recognize passive structures.
Furthermore, the passive structures are used for several reasons, those reasons are as follow:
1. When the speaker wishes to draw attention to a particular situation instead of the person who
does the action or cause that situation.
2. When the speaker wishes to discuss about a system or process.
3. When the speaker wishes to increase the degree of formality.
4. When the speaker wishes to describe changes that happen to someone or something.
40
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
*Note: Study the following sentences and notice the parts which are printed in bold!
TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

SIMPLE PRESENT Lucy buys the car The car is bought by Lucy
SIMPLE PAST Lucy bought the car The car was bought by Lucy
SIMPLE FUTURE Lucy will buy the car The car will be bought by Lucy
PRESENT CONTINOUS Lucy is buying the car The car is being bought by Lucy
PAST CONTINOUS Lucy was buying the car The car was being bought by Lucy
BE GOING TO Lucy is going to buy the car The car is going to be bought by Lucy
PRESENT PERFECT Lucy has bought the car The car has been bought by Lucy
PAST PERFECT Lucy had bought the car The car had been bought by Lucy
FUTURE PERFECT Lucy will have bought the car The car will have been bought by Lucy
MODAL Lucy shall buy the car The car shall be bought by Lucy
Exercise
1) My wedding ring made of yellow and white gold
My wedding ring is made of yellow and white gold
2) Laura was born in Iowa
Laura born in Iowa
3) Most of us are sponsored from our parents
Most of us are sponsored by our parents
4) The car was inspected for customs
The car was inspected by customs
5) Her watch needed repaired
Her watch needed repairing
B. Choose the Correct Answer!

1. If more than five thousand dollars in monetary instruments is transported into the United States,
a report needs ___ with the customs office.
a. file
41
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
b. to file
c. file
d. to be filed
2. The famous architect, Frank Wright, was greatly ___ , who wanted him to study architecture.
a. influenced by his mother
b. his mother influenced him
c. from his mother’s influence
d. influencing for his mother
3. In the stringed instruments, the toners ___ by planting a bow across a set of strings that may be made of
wire or gut.
a. they produce
b. are produced
c. producing
d. that are producing
4. ___ Java Man, who lived before the first Ice Age, is the first manlike animal.
a. It is generally believed that
b. Believed generally is
c. Generally believed it is
d. That is generally believed
5. Hundreds of houses and other buildings ___ by the raging tropical storms which later developed
into a hurricane.
a. were developing
b. are developing
c. were developed
d. are developed
6. The biology class will ___ into two sections to prevent overcrowding in his classroom.
a. be divided
b. divide
42
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. be divide
d. be dividing
7. We arrived at the store to purchase the dishwasher which ___ in the local newspaper.
a. has been advertised
b. had been advertised
c. have been advertised
d. is advertised
8. A great deal of property ___ by hurricanes each year.

a. is destroyed
b. destroyed
c. was destroyed
d. destroy
9. Next week, some new equipment ___ by the company to increase the production.
a. will be ordered
b. is ordered
c. was ordered
d. ordered
10. These contracts ___ by the manager in the next meeting.

a. should be signed
b. is signed
c. was signed
d. signed

1. Work is often measure in units called foot pounds.
A B C D
2. In the ionosphere, gases have been partly ionize for high frequency radiation from the
A B C
sun and other sources.
43
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
D
3. Because the interstate highway system linking roads across the country was built
A B
about thirty-five years ago, most of the roads in the system now need repaired.
C D
4. It is believe that most of the earthquakes in the world occur near the youngest
A B C D
mountain ranges--the Himalayas, the Andes, and the Sierra Nevada.
5. With special enzymes that are call restriction enzymes, it is possible to spilt off
A B
segments of DNA from the donor organism.
C D
6. All the participants of the seminar have been informing by the committee.
A B C D
7. He is sent an e –mail last week to inform him about the new schedule.
A B C D
8. We are suppose to read all of the chapter seven and answer the questions for
A B C
tomorrow’s class
D
9. The house were renovated by some workers several weeks ago.
A B C D
10. We should have been informed Janis about the change in plans regarding our
A B C D
weekend trip to the mountains.
44
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 7
Subject-Verb Agreement
Regardless of the structure, all sentences involve an agreement between subject and verb. This
agreement is made based on the nature of the noun (plural or singular) which serves as a subject.
A. Form
Study the following table and pay attention to the pattern used by each sentences.
Masuk table
SINGULAR S – V EXPLANATION PLURAL S - V EXPLANATION
The student reads the book. Singular N + V1(s) The students read the Plural N + V1
books
The song is good Singular N + be Some of the songs Plural N + be (plural)
(singular) are good
One of the calves is One of, each of, every People normally refuse EXCEPTION (There are
one of + be (singular) to go outside their homes several plural nouns which have
sick during winter. no –s ending, and they have
to be followed by plural
verbs.)
None of the girls is None of + be The Chinese are known EXCEPTION (Nationality
interested in cooking (singular) for the many words of is considered as plural noun,
wisdom that they have and it is followed by
plural verb.)
The news is too EXCEPTION: (News Some fish die after EXCEPTION (There are nouns
sensational is a singular noun) laying their eggs whose plural and singular forms
are the same. And while in their
plural form, they are followed
by plural verbs)
Physics seems to fail in EXCEPTION: (Subjects

drawing his interest. in school is always a
singular noun)
The United Nations tries its EXCEPTION: (Title
hard to keep the peace in the and the name of
world. institution/ organization
is always a singular
noun)
Two hours of car ride is all EXCEPTION: (Time,
that you need to take to get money, and distance take
to the center of the city a singular form)
45
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
B. Special Case:
When using the word “there/ here” make sure that the verbs which follow afterwards agree with the
noun used as subject of the sentence.
There is + Singular Noun

There are + Plural Noun
Here is + Singular Noun
Here are + Plural Noun
C. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING THERE + BE

There and here introduce verb-subject order. The verb agrees with the subject following it.
There Verb Subject

There are a lot of people in the park.
Here Verb Subject

Here is the result of the discussion
Avoid using a verb that does not agree with the subject.
D. EXERCISES
I. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect!
1) I think there was ten people in line.
I think there were ten people in line.
2) There has been very little rain this summer.
There have been very little rain this summer.
II. Choose the correct answer!

1. A group of tissues, each with its own function, ___ in the human body
a. it makes up the organs
b. make up the organs
c. they make up the organs
46
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
d. makes up the organs
2. Cupid, one of the ancient Roman gods, ___.

a. were a little winged child
b. representing as a little winged child
c. was represented as a little winged child
d. a little winged child
3. In a suspension bridge ____ that carry one or more flexible cables firmly attached at each end.
a. there is two towers on it
b. there are two towers
c. two towers there are
d. towers there are two
4. The Palo Verde tree ___ in spring.

a. has beautiful yellow blossoms
b. beautiful yellow blossoms
c. having beautiful yellow blossoms
d. with beautiful yellow blossoms
5. Nine of every ten people in the world ___ in the country in which they were born.
a. living
b. they are living
c. lives
d. live
6. The average temperature of rocks on the surface of the earth ___ 55 degrees F.
a. be
b. are
c. is
d. been
47
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
7. All of the people at the AAME conference are ___.

a. mathematic teachers
b. mathematics teachers
c. mathematics teacher
d. mathematic’s teachers
8. Oscillatona, one of the few plants that can move about, ___ a wavy, gliding motion.
a. having
b. has
c. being
d. with
9. In the ocean, ___ more salt in the deeper water.

a. is there
b. it may be
c. there is
d. it is
10. The yearly path of the sun around the heavens ___.
a. is known as the ecliptic
b. known as the ecliptic
c. it is known to be ecliptic
d. knowing as the ecliptic
III. Choose A, B, C or D as the word/phrases should not be in these following sentences!

11. Columbus, Ohio, the capital of the state, are not only the largest city in Ohio but also
A B C
a typical metropolitan area, often used in market research.
D
12. There is about 600 schools in the United States that use the Montessori Method to
48
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
A B C
encourage individual initiative.
D
13. A thunderhead, dense clouds that rise high in the sky in huge columns, produce hail,
A B C D
rain, or snow.
14. Not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease are likely to develop
A B C D
symptoms of it.
15. Both a term paper and a final exam is required for Chemistry 320.
A B C D
16. Studies of job satisfaction are unreliable because there is so many variables and
A B
because the admission of dissatisfaction may be viewed as a personal failure.
C D
17. The popularity of soccer in the United States were increased significantly by
A B
the playing of the World Cup in cities throughout the country in 1994.
C D
18. Two of the players from the Yankees has been chosen to participate in the All Star
A B C D
game.
19. The information officer at the bank told his customers that there was several
A B C D
different kinds of checking accounts available.
20. Never before has so many people in the United States been interested in soccer.
A B C D
49
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 8
Parallel Structure
Conjunctions have various functions, and one of those functions is to connect words, phrases, or clauses
with identical grammatical function in a particular sentence. Such function is the point of discussion in parallel
structure. Furthermore there are two types of conjunction, those which do not need to be paired with other
conjunctions and those which always come in pairs (paired conjunction). Here are some of the
conjunctions:
REGULAR CONJUNCTION PAIRED CONJUNCTION

…,… and … Both … and …
…, … or … Neither … nor …
… but … Either … or …
Not only … but also …
Whether … or …
And here are some cases which serve as examples for you:
SENTENCE EXPLANATION
I like cakes, candies, and chocolate. In parallel structure, a conjunction can be used to
connect more than two items (word, phrase, or
clause), as long as they have the same function in the
sentence. (e.g. N+N+and+N)
Both my brother and my sister like spicy food. In the case of paired conjunction, the items being
connected are limited to only two items of the
same function.
Exercises

1. We learned to read the passage carefully and underlying the main idea.
We learned to read the passage carefully and to underline the main idea.
2. She is not only famous in the United States, but also abroad.
She is famous not only in the United States, but also abroad.
50
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3

1. In a hot, sunny climate, acclimatizes by eating less, drinking more liquids, wearing lighter clothing,
and ___.
a. skin changes that darken
b. experiencing a darkening of the skin
c. his skin may darken
d. darkens his skin
2. Both historically and ___ , Ontario is the heartland of Canada

a. in its geography
b. geographically
c. also its geography
d. geography
3. He knows where she lives and ___.

a. what she does
b. her address
c. she does
d. her job
4. Peter is not reading a novel but ___.

a. to wait her
b. writing a letter
c. type a report
d. wash his car
5. A vacuum will neither conduct heat nor ___.

a. transmit sound waves
b. transmitting sound waves
c. sound waves are transmitted
d. the transmission of sound waves
6. North Carolina is well known not only for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park ___ for the
Cherokee Indian settlements.
a. also
b. and
c. but also
d. because of
7. To generate income, magazine publishers must decide whether to increase the subscription price or ___.
51
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
a. to sell advertising
b. if they should sell advertising
c. selling advertising
d. sold advertising
8. When teenagers finish high school, they have several choices: going to college, getting a job, or ___.
a. joining the army
b. to join the army
c. joins the army
d. join the army
9. Collecting stamps, playing chess, and ___ beautiful butterflies are Derrick’s hobbies.
a. to mount
b. mounts
c. mounting
d. mount
10. The chief of police demanded from his assistants an orderly investigation, a well-written report, and ___.
a. that they work hard
b. hard work
c. working hard
d. work hard
11. The essay which Paul wrote is rather short but impressively.
A B C D
12. They want to know where she went and did two days ago.
A B C D
13. My friend is interested not in books but in watching films.
A B C D
14. I think they can explain clearly neither when they go nor they do.
A B C D
15. The books and the magazine might be the bag or under the chair.
A B C D
16. Both Linda or Mary usually go to the cinema on Saturdays.
A B C D
17. Either Elisa nor Eriana really wanted to see them last week.
A B C D
18. They can go there either at the end of July or they can go there at the end of August.
A B C D
19. The aims of the Common Market are to eliminate tariffs member countries;
A
developing common policies for agriculture, labor, welfare, trade, and transportation;
B C
52
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
and to abolish trust and cartels.

D
20. The puppy stood up slowly, wagged its tail, blinking its eyes, and barked.
A B C D
53
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 9
Comparatives
1. POSITIVE DEGREE (EXACT COMPARISON)

 Your bag is the same as mine.
Noun + Be + the same as + Noun
 Your bag and my bag are the same.

Noun + and + Noun + Be + the same
 These bags are the same.

Noun (Plural) + Be + the same
 Your bag is as big as mine.

Noun + Be + as + Adj + as + Noun
2. GENERAL SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCE

 Your bag is like the one in the display.
Noun + Be + like + Noun
 Your bag and the one in the display are alike.

Noun + and + Noun + Be + alike
 These bags are alike.

Determiner + Noun plural + Be + alike
 Your bag is different from the one in the display.

Noun + Be + different from + Noun
3. COMPARATIVE DEGREE
 Oranges contain more vitamin C than apples.

Noun1 + V + more + N + than + Noun2
 Lakes are generally deeper than rivers.

Noun1 + Be + Adj –er + than + Noun2
 Weather in Indonesia is more humid than the weather in Australia.

Noun1 + Be + more + Adj + than + Noun2
**Note:
54
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
i. More/ Less : syllables > 1

ii. -er : syllable =1/ ending -i
4. COMPARATIVE DEGREE FOR ESTIMATION
 Sugar costs twice as much as cooking oil.

Noun1 + V + Adv of frequency + as + many/ much + as + Noun2
 Indonesia has more than one hundred islands.

Noun1 + V + More (less) than + Number + Noun2
 The festival has as many as forty five performers.

Noun1 + V + as many as + number + Noun2
5. SUPERLATIVE DEGREE
 Mt. Bromo is the highest mountain that I have ever climbed.

Noun + Be + the + Adj-est + Noun
 The test was the most difficult one so far.

Noun + Be + the + most Adj + Noun
6. DOUBLE COMPARISON
 The brighter a star shines, the hotter its surface will be.
The + Comparative…….., the + Comparative ………
Exercise:
1. The car is almost the same like mine
2. The watch in the window is a little different than this one.
3. This one is better, but it costs three times as much as the other one.
4. This field is larger than the other one.
5. She is most prettiest of all the girls in our class.

1. Although we often use “speed” and “velocity” interchangeably, in technical sense, “speed” is not always
___”velocity”
a. alike
b. similar
c. the same as
55
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
d. as
2. Although they are smaller, chipmunks are ___ most other ground squirrels.
a. like to
b. like as
c. like with
d. like
3. A nursery school is ___ a day care center.
a. different from
b. different
c. different than
d. different as
4. The rent at College Apartment is only half ___ you pay here.
a. than
b. as much as
c. as many as
d. from
5. The main library has ___ one millions volumes.

a. more as
b. most than
c. more than
d. least than
6. There are ___ fifteen thousand students attending summer school.

a. as many as
b. as much as
c. as many
d. as much
7. The bill which we received was ___ than the estimate.

a. more higher
b. the higher
c. higher
d. more higher
8. The Disney amusement park in Japan is ___ Florida or California.

a. the largest than the ones in
b. larger the ones in
c. larger than the ones in
d. the largest of the ones
56
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
9. The greater the demand, ___ the price.

a. higher
b. the higher
c. high
d. the high
10. The teacher gave Mike a failing grade on her term paper because it was ___ Ardian’s.
a. the same as
b. same like
c. the same with
d. the same with
11. When two products are basically the same as, advertising can influence the public’s
A B C D
choice.
12. The first living structure to appear on earth thousands of years ago were alike viruses.
A B C D
13. Although business practices have been applied successfully to agriculture, farming is
A B C
different other industries.
D
14. With American prices for sugar at three times as much the world price, manufacturers
A
are beginning to use fructose blended with pure sugar, or sucrose.
B C D
15. It is generally accepted that the common cold is caused by as much as forty strains
A B C
of viruses that may be present in the air at all times.
D
16. The diesel engine that runs on oil is efficient than most other engines because it
A B C
converts the useful energy stored up in the fuel.
D
17. The books for my engineering course are expensive than the books for my other
A B C
courses.
D
57
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
18. The more important theorem of all in plane geometry is the Pythagorean Theorem.
A B C D
19. Although there are a number of interesting findings, a most significant results are in
A B C D
the abstract.
20. The climate here is more milder than that of New England.
A B C D
58
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 10
Conditional Sentences
Conditional sentences are put into two categories : the real and the unreal.
1. REAL CONDITIONS
This condition is used for possible situation. The future tense is used in the result clause and the
present tense is used in the if-clause (conditional clause).
Pattern :
If + S + simple present + S + will + simple verb form

can
may
might
must
will
Example :
1. If I have enough money, I will continue my study.
2. If she studies hard, she will get good score in her exam.
2. UNREAL CONDITIONS (NOT TRUE)

This condition is used for impossible or unreal situations. It is divided into two parts.
a. Present time : the past tense is used in the if-clause and would, could, or might + simple verb is used
in the result clause.
Pattern:
If + S + simple past + would + simple verb form
could
might
Example:
• If I had enough money, I would continue my study abroad.
(Fact : I don’t have enough money. I will not continue my study abroad).
• If I went to the party, I could meet him.
(Fact : I do not go to the party, I cannot meet him).
b. Past time : the past perfect is used in the if-clause and would, could, or might + past participle are
used in the result clause
Pattern :
If + S + past perfect + would + have + past participle

(could/ might)
59
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Example:
• If I had had enough money, I would have continued my study abroad.
(Fact : I did not have enough money, I would not continue my study abroad)
• If I had gone to the party, I could have met him.
Fact : I didn’t go to the party, I could not meet him.
Exercises

1. If water freezes, it has become a solid
If water freezes, it becomes a solid
2. If children are healthy, they learn to walk at about eighteen months old.
If children be healthy, they learn to walk at about eighteen months old.
3. We will wait if you wanted to go
We will wait if you want to go
4. If you made your bed in the morning, your room looks better when you got back in the afternoon
If you made your bed in the morning, your room would look better when you got
back in the afternoon
5. If we had had the money, we would have bought a new stereo system
If we had the money, we would have bought a new stereo system
II. Choose the Correct Answer!

1. If water is heated to 212 degrees F ___ as team
a. it will boil and escape
b. it boils and escape
c. it is boiling and escaping
d. it would boil and escape
2. If services are increased, taxes ___.

a. will probably go up
b. probably go up
c. probably go up
d. going up probably
3. If American are fewer foods with sugar and salt, their general health ___ better
a. be
b. will be
c. is
d. would be
60
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
4. According to some historians, if Napoleon had not invaded Russia, he ___ the rest of Europe.
a. had conquered
b. would have conquered
c. would conquer
d. conquered
5. If humans were deprived of sleep, they ___ hallucinations, anxiety, coma, and eventually
death.
a. would experience
b. experience
c. would have experienced
d. had experienced
6. If footballs teams play in the Superbowl Championship, ___ either the National or the American
Conference
a. they win
b. they will win
c. they win
d. they have won
7. If I had known her address, I ___ her.

a. could see
b. would visit
c. would have visited
d. will visit
8. If I were Jane, I ___ leave the man

a. am
b. would
c. have
d. will
9. If I have time, I ___ visit you.

a. would
b. will
c. would have
d. would be
10. If you ___ the plant in a cooler location, the leaves would not have burned.
61
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
a. had set
b. have set
c. has set
d. set
11. Boys can become Cub Scouts if they completed the second grade
A B C D
12. If dinosaurs would have continued roaming the earth, man would have evolved
A B C
quite differently.
D
13. If we were to consider all of the different kinds of motion in discussing the
A
movement of an object, it is very confusing, because even an object at rest is
B C
moving as the earth turns.
D
14. If drivers obeyed the speed limit, fewer accidents occur.
A B C D
15. If you sat in that position for too long, you may get a cramp in your leg.
A B C D
16. If you don’t register before the last day of regular registration, you paying
A B C
a late fee.
D
17. If you start doing it now, you might finished it in time.
A B C D
18. We would have bought a new car if we have had a lot of money.
A B C D
19. If biennials were planted this year, they will be likely to bloom next year.
A B C D
20. If Monique had not attended the conference, she never would meet her old friend,
A B
Dan, whom she had not seen in years.
C D
62
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 11
Anticipatory It
We can use “it is believed, It is hypothesized, it is known, it is said, it is thought, it is true, and it is
written” for anticipatory it.
Do not use a noun, an infinitive, or an ing form instead of a subject and verb after an anticipatory
clause.
Example:
• It is known that Soekarno is the first president of Indonesia.

• It is said that young people have more energy than old people.
Exercises
1. It is thought that our ancestors building this city
It is thought that our ancestors built this city
2. It is believed that a horseshoe brings good luck
It is believed that a horseshoe bringing good luck
3. It is hypothesized that the subjects in the control group will not score as well.
It is hypothesized that the subjects in the control group not to score as well.
4. It is said that a buried treasure near here
It is said that a buried treasure was hidden near here

1. ___ Giant Ape Man, or biggest and probably one of our first human ancestors, was just about the size
of a male gorilla.
a. It is believed that
b. That it is
c. That is believed
d. That believing
2. ___ the formation of the Sun, the planets, and other stars began with the condensation of an interstellar
cloud.
a. It is accepted that
b. Accepted
c. It is accepted
d. That is accepted
3. It is now known that Saturn ___ not the only planet in our solar system with rings
a. which
b. be
63
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. so
d. is
4. ___ Java Man, who lived before the first Ice Age, is the first manlike animal.
a. It is generally believed that
b. Generally believed it is
c. Believed generally is
d. That is generally believed
5. ___ that life began billions of years ago in the water.

A. It is believed
B. In the belief
C. The belief
D. Believing
III. Choose (A), (B), (C) or (D) as the word/phrases should not be in these following sentences!
6. That it is believed that most of the earthquakes in the world occur near
A B C
the youngest mountain ranges-the Himalayas, the Andes, and the Sierra Nevadas.
D
7. It is believe that the supine position prevent blood from pooling in the lower
A B C
extremities enhancing venous return
D
8. It is known that ultraviolet radiation absorption generating free radicals in
A B C
damaged cells.
D
9. That is assumed that the computer users are familiar with cut-and-paste
A B C
techniques
D
10. It is say that Cervantes' life as a slave from 1575 to 1580 became the source of
A B C
inspiration for some episodes in Don Quixote.
D
64
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 12
Conjunctions
Conjuctions which will be delivered here are as follows:

A. And
Pattern :
Noun + and + noun ( I have a book and a pen)

Verb + and + verb ( She will go to Surabaya and study there)
To infinitive + and + to infinitive ( To improve her skill and to study
hard are two important goals of her courses)
Adjective + and + adjective ( He is gorgeous and handsome)
B. But
Pattern
To infinitive + but + to infinitive ( We are not going to force you but

to guide you)
Adjective + but + adjective ( Our home is old but comfortable)
C. Both….and
Pattern
Both + noun+ and + noun ( I love both Mathematics and Physics)
D. Not only…but also

Pattern
Not only + noun+ but also + noun (They love not only studying but also practicing)
Not only + verb+ but also + verb ( They will not only study but also practice)
Not only + adjective+ but also + adjective (She is not only smart but also beautiful)
Not only + to infinitive + but also + to infinitive ( The teacher get the students not only
to do the homework but also to practice it at home)
E. Either…or
Pattern
Either + noun+ or + noun ( We love either dancing or singing)
Either + verb+ or + verb ( We will either go to Australia or go to USA)
Either + adjective+ or + adjective ( The film is either interesting or good)
Either + to infinitive + or + to infinitive ( The head of the office makes us either to stay
longer or to do the work)
65
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
F. Neither…nor
Pattern
Neither + noun+ nor + noun ( We love neither dancing nor singing)

Neither + verb+ nor + verb ( We will neither go to Australia nor go to USA)
Neither + adjective+ nor + adjective ( The film is neither interesting nor good)
Neither + to infinitive + nor + to infinitive ( The head of the office makes us neither
to stay longer nor to do the work)
G. Because vs because of
Because is a conjunction which introduces a clause with a subject and a verb. Because of is a
prepositional phrase which introduces a noun or a noun phrase. Example :
1. I will be there because I love you (I love you is a clause with “I” as subject and “love” as verb)
2. I will be there because of you (you is a noun)
3. I will be there because of your love (your love is a noun phrase)
H. Despite vs in spite of
The meaning of “Despite” and “in spite of” are similar. They indicate contradiction in a sentence or
clause- and- result.
Example:
1. Despite his anger, he is a good teacher.
2. In spite of his anger, he is a good teacher
Note : there is no “of” after “despite” Note : there is no “of” after “despite”
1. Classes will be cancelled tomorrow because of a national holiday.

Classes will be cancelled tomorrow because a national holiday.
2. She was absent because of her cold was worse

She was absent because her cold was worse
3. John’s family is very happy because his being awarded a scholarship
John’s family is very happy because of his being awarded a scholarship
4. She didn’t buy it because the price was too high
She didn’t buy it because of the price was too high
5. It was difficult to see the road clearly because of the rain.
It was difficult to see the road clearly because the rain.
6. Despite of the light rain, the baseball game was not cancelled.
Despite the light rain, the baseball game was not cancelled.
66
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
7. Dick and Sarah are still planning to get married despite of their disagreement.
Dick and Sarah are still planning to get married despite their disagreement.

1. ___ in the cultivation of a forest, trees, need more than careful planning than any other crop does.
a. Because the time and area involved
b. For the time and area involving
c. Because of the time and area involved
d. As a cause of the time and area involved
2. ___ under Chief Tecumseh, the Shawnees lost most of their lands to whites and were moved into
territories.
a. Despite of resistance
b. In spite of resistance
c. Although resistance
d. In spite resistance
3. ___ his good performance as a student, he is always nervous when doing exams.
a. unless
b. even though
c. despite
d. although
4. Many roads and railroads were built in the 1880s because of the industrial cities
A B C
needed a network to link them with sources of supply.
D
5. Despite of the Taft-Hartley Act which forbids unfair union practices some unions
A B
such as the air traffic controllers have voted to strike even though this action might
C D
endanger the national security.
6. Despite of the fact that backgammon is easy to learn, it is as difficult to play

A B C
as chess.
D
67
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 13
Adjective Clause And Adjective Phrase
An adjective clause consists of a subject and a verb. It must have both of them. It is a dependent clause
that modifies a noun or noun phrase.
Example :
1. I bought a bag yesterday.

It is made of leather.
The bag, which I bought yesterday, is made of leather.
2. The children are sleepy
The children are sitting in their chairs.
The children who are sitting in their chairs are sleepy.
3. I saw a beautiful girl last night.
She was very beautiful
The girl whom I saw last night was beautiful
4. She lives in Australia
There are many kangaroos in Australia.
She lives in a country where there are many kangaroos there.
5. He went to USA in January.
It is rainy season in January.
He went to USA when it is rainy season in January.
Possible problems :
Potential Problems Right Wrong

The subject may be repeated The children who are sitting in The children who they are sitting
their chairs are sleepy in their chairs are sleepy.
Independent clause does not The children who are sitting in The children who are sitting.
exist. their chairs are sleepy.
The subject or verb may be The girl whom I saw last night The girl whom saw last night was
omitted was beautiful beautiful
Inappropriate marker The bag, which I bought The bag, which whom I bought
68
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
yesterday, is made of leather. yesterday, is made of leather.
Reduced adjective clause
Adjective clause Reduced adjective clause

The bag, which I bought yesterday, is made of The bag, I bought yesterday, is made of leather.
leather.
The children who are sitting in their chairs are The children, sitting in their chairs, are sleepy.
sleepy.
The girl whom I saw last night was beautiful The girl, I saw last night, was beautiful
She lives in a country where there are many She lives in a country where many kangaroos there.
kangaroos there.
He went to USA when it is rainy season in He went to USA when rainy season in January.
January.
Exercises
1. The students who had taken the test today are tired.
2. My sister who living in Paris is biologist.
3. The film that we are watching is really scary.
4. The bed that I slept on was very soft.
5. At the party there were many people I did not know.

1. A crystal is a piece of matter ___ are naturally formed plane surface.
a. whose boundaries
b. that boundaries
c. which boundaries
d. when boundaries
2. Let ABC be a triangle ___.

a. which sides are of equal length
b. whose sides are of equal length
c. that sides are of equal length
69
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
d. where sides are of equal length
3. The man ___ was the manager of the supermarket.

a. which hired Robert
b. hired Robert
c. hiring Robert
d. who was hired Robert
4. The tornado ___ destroyed several homes.

a. which was struck the town
b. that was being struck the town
c. strucking the town
d. whose town was struck
5. John admired the dresser ___.
a. where Alice kept her sheets
b. which Alice kept her sheets
c. of which Alice kept her sheets
d. when Alice kept her sheets
6. The scientist ___ was from Sweden.

a. which was awarded the Nobel price
b. awarded the Nobel prize
c. whose award the Nobel prize
d. that the Nobel prize awarded
7. Edward bought a car ___.

a. that Fred had previously sold to Susan
b. in which Fred had previously sold to Susan
c. where Fred had previously sold to Susan
d. to whom Fred had previously sold to Susan
8. The books ____ was very helpful.
a. we bought last night
b. that we bought the books last night
c. which we bought the books last night
d. whose we bought last night
9. The guy ____ owns a big house.

a. whose car is engaged to Joan
b. by which car is engaged to Joan
c. in which car is engaged to Joan
d. who car is engaged to Joan
10. The car ____ has a very powerful engine

a. that Ted bought the car
70
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
b. by which Ted bought

c. which Ted bought
d. when Ted bought
11. A foreign investor bought stock in cigarette manufacture which profits had
A B
increased dramatically for the last three quarters.
C D
12. The actor who last three movies I had seen and enjoyed gave a surprisingly bad
A B C
performance in this play.
D
13. The archeologist found an ancient manuscript the last few pages which had several
A B C
beautiful illustrations.
D
14. The t-shirt the colors and sizes which are determined by the athletic department are
A B C
on sale at a store on campus.
D
15. The bills when were passed by the House yesterday died in the Senate.
A B C D
16. Senators were familiar with details of the proposal believe that it has a good chance of passing.
A B C D
17. Sir Andrew is considered to be a prophet which is descended from heaven.
A B C D
18. It is believed that any man, whose loves children and dogs, would make a good husband.
A B C D
19. The author who books have been sold well is few and far between.
A B C D
20. The research report on urban life in which submitted and published was far from the
A B C
act and criticized
D
71
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 14
Noun Clause
Noun clause is a dependent clause that is begun with a noun clause marker such as that, if, whether,
question words (what, when, where, why, who, how, which, etc.). Like a noun, noun clause can be also used as
a subject or an object of the sentence.
As a subject: As an object
(a) Sam’s jokes are very funny (a) The man told us John address
(b) What Sam says is very funny (b) The man told us where john lived
*Notice: auxiliaries verbs (do, does, did) are not used in noun clause.
Noun clause marker Example
That indicates a fact That he passed the exam is a miracle.
What focuses on fact She called him to ask what time his party
started.
When indicates a time When the meeting will be held has not been
decided.
Where indicates a place Please tell me where Tom goes.
Why indicates a reason Why John left the company is a secret.
Who indicates a person I wonder who is at the door.
How many indicates a quantity I do not remember how many letters are in
the Arabic.
How much indicates an amount He does not pay attention to how much he
eats.
How indicates a manner I need to find out how old a person has to be
to get a driver license.
Which indicates a choice I do not know which book I am supposed to
read.
Whose indicates possession I know whose car was parked outside our
house.
Whom indicates a person Suzan did not recognize whom she was
talking to.
Whether or if indicates two or more alternatives I do not know if Dr. Oikurema’s office is in
this floor.

1. It is unfortunate that the meal is not ready yet.
2. She told me when should I pick up the children.
3. The instructor explained where was the computer lab located.
4. We could not believe what he did to us.
5. I want to know if it is going to rain tomorrow.
6. We never know whether we will get paid or not.
7. This evening you can decide what do you want to do.
72
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
8. The manager explained how wanted the work done.

9. The map showed where the party should be held.
10. Can you tell me why was the mail not delivered today.

1. Scientists cannot agree on ___ related to other orders of insects.
a. that fleas are
b. how fleas are
c. how are fleas
d. fleas that are
2. It was in 1875 _____ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard university.
a. that Anna Winlock
b. Anna Winlock, who
c. as Anna Winlock
d. Anna Winlock then
3. ___ is a narrow strip of woods along a stream in an open grassland.

a. Ecologists uses the term “gallery forest”
b. What do ecologists call a “gallery forest”
c. “Gallery forest” is the term ecologists use
d. What ecologists call a “gallery forest”
4. ___ so incredible is that these insects successfully migrate to places that they have never ever seen.
a. That makes the monarch butterflies’ migration
b. The migration of the monarch butterflies is
c. What makes the monarch butterflies migration
d. The migration of the monarch butterflies, which is
5. In order to grow vegetables properly, gardeners must know ____.

a. what the requirements for each vegetable are
b. that the requirements for each vegetable
c. what are each vegetable’s requirements
d. that is required by each vegetable
6. For many years people have wondered _ exists elsewhere in the universe.
a. that life
b. life which
c. whether life
d. life as it
7. ___ was caused by breathing impure air was once a common belief.
a. Malaria
b. That malaria
73
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. Why malaria
d. Because malaria
8. One basic question psychologists have tried to answer ____.

a. people learn
b. how do people learn
c. people learn how
d. how people learn
9. The judges had extremely hard time deciding ____.

a. who’s painting was the best
b. whose painting was the best
c. painting who was the best
d. the best painting was who
10. No one is sure ____.

a. what did it happen in front of the building
b. what it happened in front of building
c. what does it happen in front of building
d. what happened in front of building
11. A test pilot tries out new kinds of aircraft to determine if are they safe.
A B C D
12. Art critics do not all agree on what are the qualities that make a painting great.
A B C D
13. Exactly when was the wheel invented is not known.
A B C D
14. The new student is not sure which it is the most important course in the program.
A B C D
15. We thought about whom would we choose as the best vice president of our
A B C D
company.
16. Don had an elaborate excuse for being late for his class, but the lecturer did not
A B
believe what did he explain.
C D
17. It is obvious that is English the principal language of the business community
A B C
throughout much of the world.
D
18. There are several reasons why are millions of students studying English in the
A B C D
world.
74
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
19. That many people in the world live in intolerable poverty concern all of us.
A B C D
20. The people of the town protested why were they given no warning of the
A B C
approaching tornado.
D
Unit 15
Adverb Clause
Adverb clause is a dependent clause with a subject and a verb which serve as adverb. They may be
preceded by adverb clause markers showing time, cause-effect, contrast, and condition. They may occur
at the beginning of a sentence before an independent clause or at the end of a sentence after an independent
clause. When they occur at the beginning, they are frequently separated from the independent clause by a
comma.
TIME CAUSE-EFFECT CONTRAST CONDITION
after as soon as because even though if

before whenever now that although unless
when every time since though only if
while the first time as whereas while whether or not
as the last time as/so long as despite the fact (that) even if providing
since the next time in as much as except (that) (that) provided
until by the time so that (that) in case
in order that (that)
so in the event (that)
RESULT MANNER PURPOSE PLACE
so that as as in order that wherever

so … that … if so everywhere
such … that … as though so that
just as
like
75
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
For example:
(a) Because the speaker was sick, the program was cancelled.
(b) We have not seen Professor Hill since she returned from her trip.
Some adverb clauses can be reduced without changing their meaning when the subject of the main clause
and the subject of the adverb clause are the same person or thing.
1. Reduced clause with present participle:

For example:
(a) When astronauts are orbiting the earth, they do not feel the force of gravity.
 When orbiting the earth, astronauts do not feel the force of gravity.
(b) After they sang two songs, the performers did a dance.
 After singing two songs, the performers did a dance.
2. Reduced clause with past participle:

For example:
(a) Once he had been challenged to play tennis, Tim wouldn’t stop practicing.
 Once challenged to play tennis, Tim wouldn’t stop practicing.
3. Reduced clause with an adjective:

For example:
(a) Although George was nervous, he gave a wonderful speech.
 Although nervous, George gave a wonderful speech.
4. When a clause introduced by because is reduced, because is omitted and the verb changes
form:
For example:
(a) Because she had always been interested in sports, Linda became an avid supporter of the team.
 Having always been interested in sports, Linda became an avid supporter of the team.
Exercises
I. State whether the sentences are correct or incorrect!

1. Before I went to bed, I read a novel.
2. We stayed there until we finish our work.
3. By the time he comes, we will already have left.
76
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
4. Before stolen this morning, I put the book on my desk.

5. We will have a big party providing that I had had much money.

1. ____, the children were bored.
a. To have nothing to do
b. Having nothing to do
c. Have nothing to do
d. Because nothing to do
2. ____ a married man, I have many responsibilities.

a. Being
b. To be
c. Due to
d. Because of
3. By the time I leave this city, ____.

a. I will already be here for four months
b. So I will already have been here for four months
c. As I will already have been here for four months
d. I will already have been here for four months
4. ____ his nose gets red.

a. By the time James gets angry
b. Before James gets angry
c. After James gets angry
d. Whenever James get angry
5. Jane’s contact lens popped out ____.

a. while she was playing basketball
b. as soon as she was playing basketball
c. until she was playing basketball
d. although she was playing basketball
6. ____ I am going to rest a few days and then take a trip.

a. Before the semester is finished
b. Now that the semester is finished
c. By the time the semester is finished
d. Though the semester is finished
77
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
7. Football teams do not play in the Super Bowl championship ____either the National or the American
Conference.
a. unless they win
b. but they win
c. unless they will win
d. but to have won
8. Before we can tell them about the discount, ____.

a. they will have bought the tickets
b. the will buy the tickets
c. they bought the tickets
d. they are buying the tickets
9. We will have gotten the replay to our letter ____.

a. after we have to make a decision
b. as long as we have to make a decision
c. as we have to make a decision
d. while we have to make a decision
10. Usually boys cannot become Boy Scouts ____.

a. unless they complete the fifth grade
b. if they completed the fifth grade
c. unless they completed the fifth grade
d. if they complete the fifth grade
11. Many young people move to the cities in search of employment because of there
A B C D
are few jobs available in the rural areas.
12. Oil is an irreplaceable natural resource in order to we must do whatever we can

A B C
in order to conserve it.
D
13. While live in Burma last year, I learned many things about Burmese customs.
A B C D
14. While I was walking down the street a car swerved to avoid a dog and almost drive
A B C D
the sidewalk.
78
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
15. Point to the sentence on the whiteboard, the teacher explained the meaning of
A B C
modifying phrases.
D
16. Because having already spent all of his last paycheck, Andrew doesn’t have any
A B
more money to live on for the rest of the month.
C D
17. Before became vice-president of marketing and sales, Peter Mc Kay worked as a
A B C
sales representative.
D
18. You are eligible for the low-cost health insurance provides that you are students or
A B C D
teachers.
19. The political situation in Sudan will continue to deteriorate unless if there is an
A B C
agreement between the opposition and the government.
D
20. He tapped his fingers loudly on the desk top, he made his impatience and
A B C
dissatisfaction known.
D
79
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Unit 16
Singular-Plural Forms Count-Noncount
A. SINGULAR AND PLURAL
(a) Noun + -s : Friends are A final – s is added to make a noun plural

important
Friend : a singular noun
Nouns + -es : I like my classes
Friends : a plural noun
SPELLING : FINAL –s VS –es

(b) Snake -> snakes The plural form of most nouns is created simply by adding
the letter s
(c) Box -> boxes nouns that end in -ch, -x,- s,-sh, and -z will require an -es
for the plural
(d) Ray -> rays For the word that end in –y:
(e) Fly -> Flies In (d): if –y is preceded by a vowel, only –s is added.
In (e): if –y is preceded by an consonant, the –y is

changed to –I and –es is added.
B. PLURAL
(a) woman – women tooth – teeth Several nouns in (a) have irregular plural forms
goose - geese mouse – mice
(b) echoes (c) memos (d) mosquitoes / mosquitos Words that end in –o, require
additional –es (b)
potatoes cellos tomatoes stereos
Some nouns that ends in –o, only require
volcanoes /volcanos additional –s (c)
Some nouns that ends in – o, require either

additional –s or –es as in (d)
80
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
(e) Wife – wives noun end in -f/fe changes into –ves to form
plural as in (e)
(f) Belief – beliefs
noun ends in –f requires only -s to form
plural as in (f)
(g) Fish sheep deer Some nouns have the same irregular and plural
forms as in (g)
(h) phenomenon = phenomena Some nouns that English has borrowed from
other languages have foreign plurals, as in (h), (i),
(i) syllabus = syllabi (j), (k), (l), and (m)
(j) index = indices
(k) fungus = fungi
(l) nucleus = nuclei
(m) criterion = criteria
C. COUNT NOUN AND NOUNCOUNTABLE NOUN

Count Noun
Example: I’ll take a magazine with me for the flight. But she takes three magazines
We’re going to get new furniture for the living room Magazine is accountable noun, megazines are itmes
that can be counted
Incorrect : We’re going to get a furniture for the living
room Furniture is a noncount noun. In grammar
furniture cannot be counted
Incorrect : We’re going to get some
furnitures for the living room
Singular Plural
Count noun A Magazine Magazines A count noun
One magazine Some magazines may be preceded by a/an in the

singular
may be added –s or –es in the

Two magazines plural
Noncount noun Furniture A noncount noun is

not immediately
Some furniture preceded by a/an
has no plural forms ex.

Added by –s or -es
81
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
Notice in the following : most non count nouns refers to a “whole” that is made up of different parts
(a) I bought some chairs, tables, and desks. In (a). furniture represents a whole group of things
In other words, I bought some furniture that is made up of similar but separate items.
(b) Would you like to add some sugar in In (b): sugar and coffee represent whole masses
your coffee? made up of individual particles or elements.
(c) He has a good sense of humour In (c ): humour is an abstract concept, an abstract
“whole”.” It has no physical form : you can’t touch it,
you can’t count it
(d) The climbers wait sunshine at the top of In (d) : phenomena of nature, such as sunshine, are
the mountain frequently used as noncount nouns.
I. State whether the statements are correct or incorrect!

1. There are many mouses in our houses.
There are many mice in our house.
2. Some churches in our country are old buildings.
Some churchs in our country are old buildings.
3. I need to buy some furniture for my new aparment.
I need to buy some furnitures for my new aparment.
4. If you drink too much coffees, you will feel dizzy.
If you derink too much coffee, you will feel dizzy.
5. Hendra Wijaya is such an honest boy.
Hendra Wijaya is such a honest boy.

1. My scissors ___sharp enough. I am going to buy a new one.
a. is not
b. are not
c. does not
d. do not
2. England ___ lot all their football marches this season.

a. Having
b. Has
c. Have
d. is had
3. The police ___to interview Fred about robbery.

a. want
b. are wanting
82
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
c. wants
d. were wanted
4. Mathematics ___my best subject at school.

a. is not
b. are not
c. not does
d. do not
5. The trousers you bought for me ___fit me.

a. is not
b. are not
c. not does
d. do not
6. My hometown has ___, thunder, fog, sleet, and snow in the winter months.
a. rains
b. rained
c. rain
d. raining
7. It would be better to chect your ___ if you go to the post office.

a. mailing
b. mails
c. children
d. mailes
8. We are going to cook these ___ on lthe barbeque.

a. steak
b. steakoes
c. steakes
d. steaks
9. ___ usually inherit some characteristics from their father adn some from their mother.
a. Childrens
b. Childes
c. Children
d. Childs
10. The was not much ___ in the pool so we did not swim.
a. Waters
b. Water
c. Watering
d. watered.
83
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3

11. To make a yummy fruit salad we need some apples, tomatos, water melons, and
A B C
papayas.
D
12. The infomations you gave to the detective was misleading, so you should clarify it
A B C D
soon.
13. Although the students is very good in Mathematics, their speaking skill needs
A B C
to be improved.
D
14. Homework are not only given to the pupils in junior high school but also
A B C
to the children in elementary school.
D
15. Art of colonial America was very functional, consisting mainly of useful objects such
A B C
as furnitures and household utensil.
D
16. George had a good luck when he first came to state university.
A B C D
17. In 1959 it was the expert who predicted that eight or ten computer would be
A B
sufficient to handle all of the scientific and business needs in the Unites States.
C D
18. After spending most of his life travelling round the world, he is now writing a book
A B C
about his experiences.
D
19. I know I always feel great in bright sunshines, during the summer months.
A B C D
20. I had a pair of knifes on the table, which I was going to use later for dinner.
A B C D
84
POLITEKNIK
MADURA English 3
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 2002. Understanding and Using English grammar, Third Edition with Answer Key.
NY. Pearson Education.
Gear, Jolene & Robert Gear. 2006. Cambridge Preparation for the TOEFL Test, 4th ed. USA: Cambridge
University Press.
Rogers, Bruce. 2011. The Complete Guide to The TOEFL test: PBT edition. USA: Heinle Cengage Learning
Sharpe, Pamela J. 2004. Barron’s How to Prepare for the TOEFL test: Test of English as a Foreign Language,
11th ed. USA: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.
Sharpe, Pamela J. 2007. Barron’s Practice Exercises for The TOEFL, 6th ed. USA: Barron’s Educational
Series, Inc.
___. 2011. Prepare and Practice TEP. Test of English Proficiency. Pusat Bahasa UNESA.
___. ___. ELMC English language Mastery Course. YPIA English Course Surabaya
85
KEGIATAN 5
Melakukan rapat dengan ketua jurusan dan mentor untuk mengevaluasi draft modul yang
sudah dibuat
BUKTI FISIK
 Undangan Rapat
 Foto Diskusi dengan mentor
 Catatan Masukan dari mentor
122
A. Membuat room melalui aplikasi zoom untuk diskusi terkait pembuatan draft
modul sesuai jadwal yang telah disepakati
123
B. Melakukan forum Tanya-jawab dengan ketua program studi dan mentor
Berkonsultasi dengan mentor
Proses
Penulis dengan sopan dan santun berkonsultasi kepada mentor, dengan jujur menyampaikan hasil studi
literatur yang telah dipetakan guna mengidentifikasi masalah yang terjadi.
C. Catatan dari mentor:
124
Diperlukana adanya keseragaman sesama peserta latsar yang
membuat modul, mengenai layout modul. Penulis sudah
mengadakan komunikasi dengan Bapak Abdullah dan Bapak
Abdul Hamid
125
KEGIATAN 6
Melakukan simulasi dan sosialisasi draft modul Toefl Preparation praktikum kepada mahasiswa
BUKTI FISIK
 Screenshot Undangan Rapat

 Catatan Hasil Rapat
 Screenshot hasil sosialisasi dengan Mahasiswa
126
Undangan Rapat dengan
Pimpinan dan Tim Dosen Bahasa
Inggris
127
Simulasi dengan Mahasiswa
128
Catatan:
 Beberapa font masih belum sama

 Perlu diberi gambar agar lebih menarik
129

Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 Untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Toefl Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 3 Untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Toefl Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Madura

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

PEMBUATAN DRAFT MODUL TOEFL PREPARATION

MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS 3 UNTUK

Laporan Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Dasar PNS

Pelatihan Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil

Judul : Pembuatan Draft Modul Toefl Preparation Mata Kuliah

Sampang, 02 September 2020

Dra. Susetyaningsih M.Pd. Kukuh Widarsono, S.T., M.T.

Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang senantiasa memberikan curahan

Laporan aktualisasi ini kami susun dengan sistematis dengan harapan

Sampang, 02 September 2020

Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN RANCANGAN AKTUALISASI ……………………... I

Tabel 2.1 Pelaksanaan aktualisasi …………………………..…………………... I

Analisis dampak isu sesuai dengan nilai ANEKA yaitu (Akuntabilitas,

A. Analisis dampak isu jika tidak diselesaikan

b. Analisis dampak Isu jika tidak terselesaikan

Analisis Dampak Nilai-Nilai

c. Merangkum dan b. WoG:

Bulan Juli Bulan Agustus

Mencari referensi yang sesuai untuk pembuatan

Mengadakan rapat dan koordinasi untuk

Menyusun draft modul

Melakukan rapat dengan ketua jurusan dan

Melakukan simulasi dan sosialisasi draft modul

No Kendala Strategi Mengatasinya

Mengadakan rapat dan koordinasi untuk membahas draft modul

 Hasil Foto diskusi dengan Ketua Jurusan

Koordinasi dengan Ketua Jurusan

Meeting dengan Dosen

Catatan dari Pimpinan dan

Menyusun draft modul

Draft Modul sesuai referensi yang telah ditentukan

MODUL TOEFL PREPARATION

JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN ALAT BERAT

Assalamu’alaikum, Wr. Wb.

Sampang, 1 September 2020

Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma Dewi, S.Pd., M.Pd.

In your test book you will read:

1 A) He’ll correct the exam this 6 A) He thinks he got a good grade.

afternoon. B) The history grade were all C

3 A) The professor described what the 8 A) She’s found a new ring.

4 A) Chuck had improved. 9 A) In a department store.

5 A) She thinks the tuition should be 10 A) Jane usually visits San

11 A) He’d really like to have 17 A) The cake is extremely good.

12 A) Traffic should not be allowed. 18 A) At the corner she ran into

13 A) The headings for today’s. 19 A) She shouldn’t leave her purse

24 A) He agrees with the woman’s 28 A) She left inferior.

25 A) He is eager to leave his job. 29 A) The man would do the dishes.

26 A) He got the car he really wanted. 30 A) He knew that grapes were

31 A) Attend to football game alone. 35 A) Trash orbiting Earth.

32 A) It’s the final game of the season. 36 A) From a lecture.

33 A) A play. 37 A) 17,000 pounds.

34 A) Saturday night. 38 A) She will be able to travel in

some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated.

Now listen to another sample question.

39 A) On the first day of class. 43 A) (A) In winter.

40 A) Later today. 44 A) Seasonable, with warm

41 A) Journal and magazine articles. 45 A) They come from the

47 A) Modern American Authors. 49 A) It’s poem about the author.

48 A) The death of Abraham Lincoln. 50 A) “Leave of Grass”.

Kinds of Subject Object Possessive Possessive

We Us Ours Our hands

B. Choose the Correct Answer!