(DHF)
• Etiologi
4 serotipe virus
• Vektor
Ae. Aegypti dan Ae.albopictus.
• Sejarah
Demam dengue
- Bylon Batavia th 1779.
- Eropa th 1784.
- Jatinegara 1893, Medan 1930
DHF
- Filipina 1953
- Surabaya 1968, Jakarta 1969,
- Semua prop 1983.
EPIDEMIOLOGI
- Gejala klinis : ringan – berat.
- 1 kasus renjatan 150 -200 kasus
tanpa gejala.
PATOGENESIS
1-2 days
Stagnant water
PATOFISIOLOGI
WHO :
- Demam tinggi mendadak 2-7 hari.
- Manifestasi perdarahan/uji tornikuet (+).
- Pembesaran hati.
- Renjatan/syok.
Laboratorium
Hb ↑
Ht ↑
Leukopenia / leukositosis.
Trombositopenia (< 100.000/mm3 )
Dengue blot.
Dengue Classification WHO 2009
WARNING SIGN
FEBRILE PHASE
2-7 days
-Symptoms anorexia, vomitus, nausea, sore throat,
injected pharynk, conjungtival
-Physical examination high grade fever, hepatomegaly,
manifestation of hemoragic
-Laboratory leucopenia,mild trombocytopenia
-NS 1 positive highly suspected dengue
3 Phase of Dengue Infection
CRITICAL PHASE
-Usually on day 3-7
-Marked by decresed the temperature level
-Progressive trombocytopenia, severe hemorrage , organ
impairment
-Increase of hematocrit level plasma leakage (+) pleural
effusion, ascites
-Watch Out for the warning sign SHOCK
3 Phase of Dengue Infection
RECOVERY PHASE
-After 24-48 hours critical phase gradual reabsorption of
extravascular compartment fluid take places in the following
24-48 hours
-SYMPTOMS general well being improved ,appetite
returns, hemodynamic stabile, rash, pruritus,
-Laboratory hematocrit maybe low, trombocyte gradually
increase
DERAJAT PENYAKIT DBD (WHO 1975)
• Derajat I
Demam +gejala tidak khas +uji tornikuet (+).
• Derajat II
Derajat I + perdarahan kulit/tempat lain.
• Derajat III
Gagal sirkulasi ( nadi cepat,lemah, hipotensi, ekstremitas
dingin).
• Derajat IV
Renjatan berat (nadi tdk teraba, tensi tidak terukur)
PENGOBATAN
• Simtomatik : antipiretik/analgesik.
• Cegah dehidrasi
• Istirahat
• Atasi renjatan.
PENCEGAHAN
Ensepalopati.
• Demam tinggi.
• Gangguan kesadaran disertai atau tanpa kejang.
• Disorientasi Prognosanya buruk.
10/5/2016 DHF_Sunardi 25
Manset 2/3 lengan atas
Pertahankan antara sistolik & diastolik
Uji Tourniquet Tunggu 5 menit
Lakukan sendiri!
05/10/2016
PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
Cara Pemberantasan.
Nyamuk dengan insektisida (fogging)
10/5/2016 28
Terima Kasih