Sanitation
Surveys show that "less than a quarter of the population is fully served by improved water sources.
The rest rely on a variety of sources, including rivers, lakes and private water vendors... Some 7.2
million people are [without clean water]."
Flooding
During the wet season, Jakarta suffers from flooding due to clogged sewage pipes and waterways,
deforestation near rapidly urbanizing Bogor and Depok, and the fact that 40% of it is below sea
level. Terrible floods occurred in 1996 when 5,000 hectares flooded and 2007.Losses from
infrastructure damage and state revenue were at least 5.2 trillion rupiah (572 million US dollars)
and at least 85 people were killed and about 350,000 people forced from their homes..
Approximately 70% to 75% of Jakarta's total area was flooded and water up to 4 meters deep in
parts of city.