K3 Rumah Sakit

A.M.Fadhil Hayat

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Rumah Sakit
Salah satu tempat bagi masy utk mendptkan
pengobatan & pemeliharaan kes dg bbg fasilitas
& peralatan kes
Sbg tempat kerja yg unik & kompleks tdk saja
menyediakan pelayanan kes bagi masy, tetapi
juga mrp tempat pendidikan & penelitian
kedokteran
Apabila tdk dikelola dg baik, segala fasilitas &
peralatannya dpt menjadi sumber bahaya
keslmt & kes yg potensial, t.u. bagi petugas kes

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Masalah K3 RS di USA
Bagian maintenance: solvent, asbestos, listrik, bising,
panas
Bagian cleaning service: deterjen, desinfektan, jarum
suntik, dll.
Bagian katering: terpotong jari, tertusuk, luka bakar,
terpeleset, keletihan, stress kerja dll.
Teknisi radiologi: radiasi sinar X, radioaktif isotop, dll.
Perawat: back injuries, zat kimia beracun, radiasi,
stress akibat shift kerja
Petugas ruang operasi: masalah reproduksi akibat gas
anestesi, tertusuk, radiasi, dll.

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Kasus kronis & akut pd pekerja RS
Hipertensi
Varicus veins
Anemia
Gangguan ginjal
Eksim, dermatitis
Low back injuries
Gangguan saluran pernapasan
Gangguan saluran percernaan

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Potensi bahaya di RS
Pemaparan radiasi
Bahan kimia toksik
Bahaya biologis
Temperatur ekstrim
Kebisingan
Debu
Stress, dll.

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Tipe hazards di RS
Physical exertion
Fire & natural disaster
Compressed gas
Flammable & combustable liquids,
vapors, gases
Electrical equipments

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Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RS
Central supply Print shops
Food service Patient care areas
Housekeeping (nursing service)
Laundry Pharmacy
Maintenance Laboratories
engineering Surgical service
Office area Temporary personal

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Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RS
Location Type of hazards
Central supply Sterilization equipment; sharp objects
(blade, needles, knive); material handling;
soaps, detergent, cleaning solution
Food services Handling material; walking on wet & greasy
floor; faulty equipment: stove hoods; fire
extinguiser syst, kitchen equipment; knives,
hot utensils; chemical & physical agent,
ammonia, chlorine, drain cleaners; ambient
heat; microwave radiation;oven cleaners,
soaps & detergent, cautic solution

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 Location Type of hazards
Housekeeping X-ray; radioisotops; material handling; chemical
& physical agent, soaps, detergent, solvents,
cleaners, disinfectants, bacteria & viruses

Laundry Floor, soiled linens, soaps & detergent, high

temp, heat stress, lifting & material handling
Maintenance Drive belts, tools, blade, electrical equipment,
engineering extention cords, electrical switches, metal
ladders, battery-charging; gasoline, diesel-
powered equipment; paint, solvent, hand tool,
fuel, cylinders; trash compactors, compressor,
chemical & physical agent; asbestos, ammonia,
CO, noise, pesticides, waste anesthetic gases,
ethylene oxide, welding fume

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 Location Type of hazards
Office area Electrical equipment, carpets, paper & office
material, video display terminal
Print shops Flammable liquids, ventilation, cutters, printing
equipment, noise
Patient care areas Physical exertion, needles & sharp instruments,
obstacle & broken objects, electrical equipment,
chemical, antineoplastic drug

Laboratories Equipment, microorganisms, allergic

sensitization, chemicals, physical stress,
laboratory animals, emotional stress
Surgical service Anesthetic gases, flammable anesthetic,
Compressed gas, scavenging

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Bahaya Kecelakaan Kerja di RS
Ketel uap
Kebakaran
Bahan radioaktif
Cedera pd punggung krn mengangkat
pasien
Pekerjaan menyuntik
Terpeleset/terjatuh

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Penyakit Akibat Kerja di RS
Faktor biologik (kuman patogen dari pasien)
Faktor kimia (antiseptik pd kulit, gas anatesi, dll.)
Faktor ergonomik (cara duduk yg salah, cara
mengangkat pasien yg salah, dll.)
Faktor fisik dlm dosis kecil & terus menerus (panas
pd kulit, radiasi pd sistem reproduksi/darah)
Faktor psikososial (ketegangan di kamar bedah,
penerimaan pasien gawat darurat, bangsal penyakit
jiwa, dll.)

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