Trauma Oklusi

Nabilah Stefani P
160110190127
 Definisi
Perubahan  Trauma oklusal dapat
bersifat akut jika
structural disebabkan oleh
periodontal kekuatan eksternal, atau
bersifat kronis jika
atau injury disebabkan oleh
kekuatan internal
(kontak prematur,
grinding).

Proses keseluruhan oklusi traumatis yang

menyebabkan injuri apparatus periodontal.
 Trauma Oklusi dan Maloklusi
Adanya injuri yang Tidak mengalami
disebabkan oleh 1. 1. trauma oklusi atau
kekuatan gigi geligi Trauma tidak ada injury
Oklusi

Dilihat dari jejas Dilihat dari bagaiman

pada periodontal 2. 2. oklusi gigi

Maloklusi
Keadaan geligi mungkin Maloklusi tidak selalu
tampak baik secara 3. 3. mengakibatkan trauma
anatomis dan estetis tapi
menimbulkan trauma
Jenis Trauma
Oklusi
Akut dan Kronis
Jenis
TRAUMA
OKLUSI
AKUT
 Akibat daya eksternal
 Menyebabkan sakit gigi,
sesitivitas terhadap perkusi,
dan kegoyangan gigi
 Terjadi terus menerus 
Nekrosis
 Menghasilka Cementum Tears
Trauma Oklusi
Kronis
Jenis

Diakibatkan oleh karena adanya

daya internal (grinding, kontak
prematur)

Lebih sering terjadi daripada dalam

bentuk trauma akut

Trauma Kronis bukan merupakan

kelanjutan dari trauma oklusi akut.
Klasifikasi
Trauma Oklusi
Primer dan Sekunder
 Trauma Oklusi Primer
Trauma dari daya oklusal merupaka satu-satunya etiologi
kerusakan jaringan periodontal De
fi nis
i
Akibat High Filling, Kesalahan insersi protesa,
Pe
drifting, dan kesalahan perpindahan gigi saat ny
e ba
perawatan orthosondi b

Trauma oklusi primer tidak merubah level jaringan ikat Ak

iba
dan tidak mengawali pembentukan poket periodontal t

Ak
Hal ini dapat diakibatkan karena fiber suprakrestal gusi ib at
tidak terganggu sehingga mencegah migrasi apikal epitel (2
)
junctional
 Trauma Oklusal
Sekunder
01 Daya tahan jaringan periodontal
berkurang karena kehilangan
tulang akibat inflamasi marginal

02 Mengurangi area perlekatan

periodontal, mengungkit sisa
jaringan yang ada

03 Jaringan periodontal akan lebih

rentan
 Jenis Tekanan Oklusal

Fisiologi Normal Impact Force Continuous Force Jinggling Force

Kekuatan yang Kekuatan ini Kekuatan yang Kekuatan
kecil dan jarang bernilai tinggi tapi kecil, tapi terus- intermittent
melebihi besar berdurasi pendek menerus dalam dua arah
5N diberikan dalam berbeda
satu arah
 Tanda Klinis TO
Terbentuknya zona tension dan
pressure dalam ligamen periodontal

Mobilitas gigi Ketiadaan poket periodontal

Foto radiograf terlihat adanya

densitas tulang alveolar yang TRAUMA Hipermobilitas gigi meningkat;
menurun dan lebar ligamen OKLUSAL ketidaknyamanan dan tenderness
periodontal yang meningkat yang persisten; migrasi gigi

Pemeriksaan radiograf terlihat

fremitus, atau mobilitas fungsional resorpsi akar atau tulang dan
pelebaran ruang ligamen periodontal.

Gigi goyang akan stabil kembali jika

kekuatan dihilangkan.
THANK YOU
Very Much!
 Mengapa Teknik
Bisekting?
Teknik Bisekting
 Teknik bisecting sering digunakan
dalam kedokteran gigi karena
memiliki kemampuan adaptasi
pasien yang lebih baik.
 Memiliki kelemahan yaitu sering
terjadi distorsi akibat kesalahan
sudut vertikal dan horizontal.
 Khusus kasus ini tidak fatal 
hanya memerlukan status
periodontal gigi
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 Pelaksanaan
Peletakan FIlm Instruksikan Posisi operator Penyinaran
Pasien

STEP STEP STEP STEP STEP

1 2 3 4 5

Letakkan film di Instruksikan Operator berdiri Tabung sinar X

dalam mulut pada pasien untuk 3m dibelakang mengarah ke gigi,
region yang akan menahan film tabung atau di tegaklurus bidang
diambil gambaran bagi.
radiografinya.
dengan jari ruang pemisah
 Peletakan Film di telunjuk
dalam Mulut
 Fiksasi FIlm
 Trauma Oklusi Sekunder
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Teknik Paralel
Penggunaan Teknik

• hasil tanpa distorsi, gambar yang

dihasilkan sangat representatif
dengan gigi sesungguhnya,
mempunyai validitas yang tinggi
• Pada kasus ini lebih memungkinkan
untuk melihat jaringan sekitar gigi
yang tidak normal

Teknik pengambilan : Letakkan film

dibelakang gigi, dan arahkan sinar x
tegak lurus dengan film dan giginya
Gambaran
Radiografi
Jaringan Periodontal Normal
 Teknik Paralel

Teknik paralel dicapai dengan

menempatkan film sejajar dengan aksis
panjang gigi kemudian film holder
diletakkan untuk menjaga agar film 5
tetap sejajar dengan aksis panjang gigi.
Pemusatan sinar-x diarahkan tegak lurus
terhadap gigi dan film.
Teknik Paralel
Kedudukan Film dan
Posisi Kepala

Posisi Film
Untuk gigi belakang
termasuk premolar, sumbu
panjang fim dirahkan
horizontal.

 Posisi Kepala, bidang vertical tegak lurus

dengan bidang horizontal yang sejajar
dengan oklusal.
 Menggunakan indicator konus gigi belakang
 Pelaksanaan
1.
Pada pengambilan gambar
premolar mandibula film
ditempatkan pada film holder
dalam orientasi horizontal.
2.
3.
Kontak antara premolar kedua
dan molar pertama berada Film harus berisi gambaran
ditengah film. Pusat sinar harus radiografi dari distal kaninus
tegak lurus dengan aksis sampai mesial molar kedua,
panjang gigi. Sentral dari sinar- dengan kontak gigi premolar
x berada di daerah apikal dari terbuka.
gigi yang bersangkutan kira-kira
satu cm di atas basis
mandibula.
 Alveolar Crest

Puncak  Tumpulnya sudut tersebut

tulang mengindikasikan adanya

penyakit periodontal.

alveolar
 Begitupun apabila adanya
penurunan gambaran
radioopak tsb.

Gambaran Radioopak
membentuk sudut
 Ruang Membran Periodontal

Periodontal  Bila terjadi odema dengan

ligament timbunan eksudat pada
jaringan ikat ligament
space periodontal, makagambaran
periodontal ligament space
akan melebar

Garis tipis Radiolusen

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 Tulang Cancelous
cancellous
bone,  Bila trabekulae tidak terlihat
Trabeculer (kabur), diperkirakan ada
kerusakan pada daerah
bone, tersebut.

Spongiosa
bone

Gambaran anyaman
Radioopak
 DENTAL
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