Subjective
Pasien datang sendiri dengan keluhan keluar darah dari jalan lahir
pkl 14.30
Pasien tiba di IGD Reguler RSSA
♀/ 24 th/ Menikah 1x, 3th/ P0000b000/ AT: - thn / KB: -/ HPHT: 22 November 2023 ~ 31 minggu 2 hari
Alamat : Jl. Soponyono No 19, RT 4/2, Losari, Singosari
Subjective
- Riw. HT (-), DM (-), Asma (-), Jantung (-)
- Riw. Keputihan disangkal
- Riw. trauma (-), coitus (-), pijat oyok (-)
- Riw. anyang – anyangan (-)
- Riw. perokok pasif (+)
- Riw. Penyakit sistemik dan keganasan di keluarga (-)
- Riw. demam (-), batuk pilek (-)
- Riw. vaksin Covid-19 Astrazaneca (2x)
Riw. Persalinan :
- Hamil ini
Riw. ANC :
- Sp. OG 4x (kontrol terakhir 7 Juni 2023)
- Bidan 4x
Pemeriksaan Fisik
Keadaan Umum : Tampak sakit sedang
Sp02 : 96% on
GCS 456 BP: 125/75 mmHg HR: 78 x/menit RR: 20/menit
NRBM 10 lpm
Kepala Anemis (-/-), ikterik (-/-)
Thoraks Simetris, retraksi (-)
Jantung S1 tunggal, S2 normal, Murmur (-), Gallop (-)
VV Rh - - Wh - -
Paru VV -- --
VV - - --
Abdomen TFU : 23 cm, letak bujur U, TBJ 1550 gr, His (-), DJJ: 148 x/mnt
Laboratorium
- DL : 12,7/19.980/38,8/273.000
- FH : 9,7/30,5
- OT/PT : 14/9
- Alb : 3,79
- GDS : 77
- Ur/Cr : 12,8/0,57
- SE : 138/3,62/112
- UL : Leukosit +1, Bakteri 39,2
- Swab antigen SARS CoV-2 : Negatif
6
Pemeriksaan NST
Baseline : 140x/m
Variability : 5-20 x/m
Acc (+)
Decc (-)
Kategori 1 7
Pemeriksaan Penunjang USG
8
KETERANGAN
Assesment : Planning
G1P0000Ab000 gr 30- PDx :
- USG FM jam kerja
32minggu T/H PTx :
+ APB dt susp plasenta - Perawatan HCU Ranugrati
previa parsialis - Bed rest
- IVFD RL 1500cc/24jam
- Pro IMP dengan inj. Dexamethasone 2x6 mg selang 12 jam
selama 2 hari (selesai 01/07/2023 pukul 06.00)
- Neuroprotektan dengan MgSO4 full dose : MgSO4 20% 4 gr IV
bolus pelan dilanjutkanMgSO4 40% 10 gr dalam RDS 500 cc
jalan 1 gr/jam sd 24 jam
- Terapi oral :
Asam mefenamat 3x500 mg
Asam folat 1x1 tab
SF 1x1 tab
- Tokolitik : Kaltrofen supp II k/p His
Pembahasan
Apa faktor resiko kejadian APB pada
pasien ini ?
ANAMNESIS : ANAMNESIS :
pkl 14.30
Pasien tiba di IGD Reguler RSSA
Amokrane N, Allen ERF, Waterfield A, Datta S. Antepartum haemorrhage. Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine. 2016 Feb;26(2):33–7.
ANAMNESIS TEORI
ANAMNESIS : ANAMNESIS :
- Riw. HT (-), DM (-), Asma (-), Jantung (-) Other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with cigarette smoking
- Riw. trauma (-), coitus (-), pijat oyok (-)
- Riw. anyang – anyangan (-)
include preterm birth, prelabor rupture of membranes, placenta previa,
- Riw. Perokok pasif (+) and placenta abruption (American College of Obstetricians and
- Riw. Penyakit sistemik dan keganasan di keluarga (-) Gynecologists, 2020b).
- Riw. demam (-), batuk pilek (-)
- Riw. vaksin Covid-19 Astrazaneca (2x)
Cunningham, F.G., Leveno, K.J., Bloom, S.L., Spong, C.Y., Dashe, J.S., Hoffman, B.L., Casey, B.M. and Sheffield, J.S., 2014. Williams obstetrics (Vol. 7, pp. 28-
1125). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
ANAMNESIS TEORI
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (2011). Antepartum Haemorrhage Green-top Guideline No. 63. [online] Available at:
https://www.rcog.org.uk/media/pwdi1tef/gtg_63.pdf.
KRITERIA DIAGNOSIS PLASENTA PREVIA
Diagnosis
Laboratorium
- DL : 12,7/19.980/38,8/273.000 Overview of the Management of Antepartum Hemorrhage
- FH : 9,7/30,5
- OT/PT : 14/9 Where laboratory facilities exist, draw blood for:
- Alb : 3,79 - Type and crossmatch
- GDS : 77 - CBC, (hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count)
- Ur/Cr : 12,8/0,57 - PT (prothrombin time) or INR (International Normalized Ratio), PTT (partial
- SE : 138/3,62/112 thromboplastin time), fibrinogen level
- UL : Leukosit +1, Bakteri 39,2 - A Kleihauer-Betke test2 may confirm an abruption and is advisable in all cases of
- C3/C4 : 68,8 / 9,8 suspected abruption. Arrange for blood donors, if needed. Rh immune globulin should be
- Swab antigen SARS CoV-2 : Negatif given to all unsensitized Rh-negative women with any bleeding or suspected concealed
abruption where available. The dose may be adjusted by the Kleihauer-Betke results. The
usual dose is 300 µg of Rh immune globulin should be given for every 30 cc of fetal blood
detected in maternal circulation (equivalent to 15 cc of packed red blood cells).
USG FM TEORI :
Tampak janin Tunggal/Hidup Intrauterine
Letak Bujur U, kepala di bawah
BPD : 7,71 cm (31W0D)
AC : 24,24 cm (28W4D)
FL : 5,73 cm (30W0D)
AFI : 11,64 cm
EFW : 1.501 gr
Plasenta Implantasi di corpus posterior, menutupi
sebagian OUI
Maturasi gr. II
Sinkey RG, Odibo AO, Dashe JS. #37: Diagnosis and management of vasa previa. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology [Internet]. 2015 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Feb
22];213(5):615–9. Available from: https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(15)00897-2/fulltext
ANAMNESIS TEORI
Planning TEORI :
PDx : -
INITIAL MANAGEMENT :
PTx :
- Perawatan HCU Ranugrati 1. Access to intravenous line with one or two wide-bore cannulae (preferably size 14–16 French
- Bed rest gauge).
- IVFD RL 1500cc/24jam 2. Obtaining blood for a full blood count, urea and electrolytes, group and save, and holding of serum
- Pro IMP dengan inj. Dexamethasone 2x6
for potential cross-matching depending upon the severity of bleeding. In the presence of heavy
mg selang 12 jam selama 2 hari (selesai
bleeding, at least four units of blood should be cross-matched. If placental abruption is suspected a
01/07/2023 pukul 06.00)
- Neuroprotektan dengan MgSO4 full
coagulation profile should also be checked. Other tests include a Kleihauer Betke test on maternal
dose : MgSO4 20% 4 gr IV bolus pelan blood and urine dipstick for protein.
dilanjutkanMgSO4 40% 10 gr dalam 3. Administration of intravenous fluids if bleeding continues or the woman is haemodynamically
RDS 500 cc jalan 1 gr/jam sd 24 jam compromised, while awaiting cross-matched blood. Colloids are the preferred intravenous fluids in
- Terapi oral : such circumstances. Consideration should be given to transfusing O Rhesus (D) negative blood
Asam mefenamat 3x500 mg where cross-matching is delayed.
Asam folat 1x1 tab 4. An ultrasound scan assessment to confirm placental site once the feto-maternal status is
SF 1x1 tab satisfactory. This may not always be necessary.
- Tokolitik : Kaltrofen supp II k/p His
Tocolytic agents prevent preterm labor or contractions. Some specialists advocate
tocolytics to promote the time for expectant management of symptomatic placenta previa.
Ronan Bakker, MD and Carl V Smith, MD (2023). Placenta Previa Medication: Tocolytics, Corticosteroids, Adrenergic Agonists. [online] emedicine.medscape.com. Available at: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/262063-
medication?form=fpf#2 [Accessed 27 Jul. 2023].
ANAMNESIS TEORI
Planning TEORI :
PDx : -
PTx : The most notable finding in our study was that the presence of placenta
- Perawatan HCU Ranugrati previa in the second trimester is associated with higher rates of neonatal
- Bed rest RDS, and that the overall frequency of placenta previa is lower in the third
- IVFD RL 1500cc/24jam trimester. Our findings are consistent with previous reports of low
- Pro IMP dengan inj. Dexamethasone placentation in the second trimester leading to postpartum hemorrhage,
2x6 mg selang 12 jam selama 2 hari even if the low placental position disappeared in the third trimester [13–
(selesai 01/07/2023 pukul 06.00)
- Neuroprotektan dengan MgSO4 full dose
15]. Both anterior placentation and placenta previa have been reported to be
: MgSO4 20% 4 gr IV bolus pelan individual factors that can negatively affect neonatal respiratory outcomes
dilanjutkanMgSO4 40% 10 gr dalam RDS [7,16]. In a study on pregnancy outcomes at term by Schneiderman and
500 cc jalan 1 gr/jam sd 24 jam Balayla, the rate of neonatal respiratory distress due to the presence of
- Terapi oral : placenta previa was higher than that due to the absence of placenta previa in
Asam mefenamat 3x500 mg the group of patients who underwent cesarean delivery [7]. Therefore,
Asam folat 1x1 tab placenta previa might independently and adversely affect neonatal
SF 1x1 tab respiratory function
- Tokolitik : Kaltrofen supp II k/p His
Ahn, K.H., Lee, E.H., Cho, G.J., Hong, S.-C., Oh, M.-J. and Kim, H.-J. (2018). Anterior placenta previa in the mid-trimester of pregnancy as a risk factor for
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. PLOS ONE, 13(11), p.e0207061. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207061.
Terapi konservatif, indikasi:
● Usia kehamilan < 34 minggu
● TBJ < 2000 gram
● Perdarahan pertama (tidak berulang)
● Perdarahan berhenti
Perawatan konservatif:
●Bed rest
●Tokolitik
●Pematangan paru
Metode persalinan:
● PP totalis atau lateralis: SC
● Perdarahan aktif: SC
• PP marginalis atau letak rendah: ekspektatif pervaginam