Solusi
Siklobutadiena memiliki 4 orbital molekul (terbentuk dari 4 orbital p), dimana 4
elektron harus ditambahkan.
Tahap [1] Gambarkan sebuah persegi dengan puncak menurun dan tandai 4 bagian
dari titik potong dengan lingkaran.
4 bagian dari titik potong yang berhubungan untuk 4 orbital molekul dari
siklobutadiena.
Tahap [2] dan [3] Gambar sebuah garis melalui pusat dari lingkaran, beri nama
orbital molekul dan tambahkan elektron.
Adding cyclobutadiene's four electrons to these orbitals palces two in the lowest
energy bonding orbital molecule and one each in the two nonbonding molecule
orbitals.
Separating electrons in two degenerate orbital molecules keeps like charges farther
away from each other.
The procedure followed in Sample Problem 17.1 also illustrates why cyclobutadiene
is antiaromatic. Having the two unpaired electrons in nonbonding molecule orbitals
suggest that cyclobutadiene should be a highly unstable diradical. In fact,
antiaromatic compunds resemble cyclobutadiene because their HOMOs contain two
unpaired electrons, making them especially unstable.
Problem 17.23 Use the inscribed polygon method to show why the following cation
is aromatic :
Problem 17.24 Use the inscribed polygon method to show why the cyclopentadienyl
cation and radical are not aromatic.