Titrimetri

1. Amelia Rosa Noorpasha

2. Elok faikhatul muhbitin aziz
3. Zahra araia
Pembahasan titrimetri

01 02 03
Prinsip Alkalimetri REDOKS
titrasi Asidimetri Permanganometri
Iodometri
 Prinsip titrasi
aA + tT  produk
a dan t = koefisien
A = Analit
T = zat penitar (titran)

mgrek titran = mgrek titrat

 Garam
terhidrolisis Buffer
Garam dari AKBK
Asam
PH = 7
Asam basa
𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑚
[H+] = 𝑘𝑎
[𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚]
Garam dari AKBL Basa
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑎
Asam Kuat 𝑘𝑤 [OH-] = 𝑘𝑏
[H+] = × 𝐶𝑔 𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚
[H+] = a × M 𝑘𝑏
Asam Lemah
[H+] = 𝑘𝑎 × 𝑀 Garam dari ALBK
𝑘𝑤
Rumus pH
[OH-] = × 𝐶𝑔
Basa Kuat 𝑘𝑎
pH = - log [H+]
[OH-] = b × M pOH = - log [OH-]
Basa Lemah Garam dari ALBL pH + pOH = 14
[OH-] = 𝑘𝑏 × 𝑀 𝑘𝑤 × 𝑘𝑎
[H+] =
𝑘𝑏
 01
Alkalimetri
Alkalimetri adalah bila penitar dengan
memakai basa yang konsentrasinya
diketahui untuk menetapkan suatu asam
Bahan baku primer standarisasi
basa (NaOH)
1. Asam oksalat
H2C2O4.2H 2O (BM =126 BE= BM/2)
2NaOH + H2C2O4 Na2C2O4 + 2H2O

2. Kalium hydrogen ftalat (KHP)

C 6H 4(COOH)(COOK) (BM = 204,2 BE =BM )
NaOH + C6H4.COOH.COOK C6H4.COONa.COOK + H2O
Rumus
 02
Asidimetri
Asidimetri adalah bila ditentukan berapa mL
larutan asam yang konsentrasinya diketahui
untuk menetralkan suatu larutan basa yang
kadarnya dicari.
 Bahan baku primer standarisasi
asam (HCl)
1. Borax atau natrium tetraborat dekahidrat

Na2B4O7. 10 H2O (BM =381,4 BE = BM/2)

Na2B4O7 + 5H2O 2NaH2BO3 + 2H3BO3

2NaH2BO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + 2H3BO3

Na2B4O7 + 5H2O + 2HCl 2NaCl + 4H3BO3

2. Natrium karbonat ( Na2CO3) ( BM = 105,96)

Na2CO3+ HCl NaHCO3 + NaCl

NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2

Rumus

Na2CO3 = 2 (b-a) NaOH = 2a-b

BE Na 2 CO 3 = BM/2 BE NaOH =BM

𝑁 𝑚𝑔 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑠
𝐻𝐶𝑙=𝑚𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑥 𝐵𝐸 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑠 𝑥 𝑓.𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑖
 𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑥 2 𝑏−𝑎 𝑥 𝐵𝐸 𝑁𝑎2𝐶𝑂3 𝑥 10⁻³
% Na2CO3 = x 100%
𝑚𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑕

𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑥 2𝑎−𝑏 𝑥 𝐵𝐸 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑋 10−3

% NaOH = x 100%
𝑚𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑕
JENIS TITRASI REDOKS
1. Oksidator kuat 3. Na2S2O3
sebagai Titran sebagai titran
Iodometri (tak
KMnO4 K2Cr2O7 Ce (IV) langsung)

2. Reduktor kuat 4. I2 sebagai

sebagai titran titran
Ti (III) Fe (II) Na2S2O3 Iodometri (langsung)
 03
Permanganometri
Kalium permanganate adalah Oksidator kuat
yang dapat bereaksi dengan cara yang berbeda
Tergantung kondisi pH
Reaksi KMnO4

a. Dalam larutan asam [H+] 0,1 N

MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e ⇋ Mn2+ + 4H2O

b. Larutan netral/sedikit basa pH 4-10

MnO4- + 4H+ +3e ⇋ MnO2(s)+ 2H2O
MnO4- +2H2O + 3e ⇋ MnO2(s)+ 4OH-

c. Larutan sangat basa [OH-] 0,1 N

MnO4- + e ⇋ MnO42-
 Titrasi Tidak
Titrasi Langsung
Langsung
Fe2+ Sn2+ Fe(CN)64- HNO2 • Sampel diendapkan sebagai oksalat
5Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ ⇋ 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O • Disaring, dicuci
• Dilarutkan dalam H2SO4 berlebih sehingga
terbentuk asam oksalat
• Dititrasi asamoksalat dengan KMNO4

KMnO4 bertindak sebagai auto Ca2+ + C2O42- ⇋ CaC2O4 ↓

indicator Warna titik akhir titrasi CaC2O4↓+ 2H+⇋Ca2+ + H2C2O4
berasal dari KMnO4 5H2C2O4+ 2MnO4-+ 6H+ ⇋ 10CO2+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O
“
Natrium oksalat/asam oksalat murni, stabil, dan
tidak higroskopis Standar primer yang baik
5H2C2O4+ 2MnO4-+ 6H+⇋2Mn2++ 10CO2↑+ 8H2O
Dipanaskan 60˚C (Sebagai auto katalis)
(Mempercepat reaksi)
- Standarisasi KMnO4
 Kesalahan dalam titrasi
kesalahan
kesalahan
negatif
positif
Penambahan KMnO4
Penambahan KMnO4 terlalu lama,
terlalu cepat, menyebabkan hilangnya
menyebabkan oksalat karena
terjadinya reaksi MnO4- membentuk peroksida
dengan Mn2+ yang terurai menjadi air

H2C2O4+ O2⇋H2O2+ 2CO2↑

H2O2 ⇋H2O + O2 ↑
04 Iodometri
(titrasi tidak langsung)
Analit → Oksidator (KIO3, K2Cr2O7)
Oks (analit) + KI ⇋ I2 + Red (analit)
I2+ 2S2O32- ⇋ 2I- + S4O62-

Reaksi I2 dengan S2O32- berlangsung sempurna

dan cepat
Reaksi unik karena oksidator lain tidak
mengubah S2O32- menjadi S4O62- melainkan
menjadi SO32- dan SO42-
 Jawaban
● Awal titrasi

● [H+] = 𝑘𝑎 × 𝑀𝑎
● = 1.8 × 10−5 × 0.05
● [H+] = 9.49 × 10-4
● pH = 4 – log 9.49
● = 3.02
 + 25 mL NaOH
NaOH = 25 mL × 0.05 M = 1.25 mmol
CH3COOH = 100 mL × 0.05 M = 5 mmol

CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O

M 5 mmol 1.25 mmol - -
R 1.25 mmol 1.25 mmol 1.25 mmol 1.25 mmol
S 3.75 mmol - 1.25 mmol 1.25 mmol

[H+] = ka × [asam]/[garam] [CH3COOH] = 3.75 mmol : 125 mL = 0.03 mol/L

[H+] = 1.8 x 10^-5 × [0.03 mol/L]/[0.01mol/L]
[CH3COONa] = 1.75 mmol : 125 mL = 0.01 mol/L
= 5.4 × 10-5
pH = 5 – log 5.4
= 4.27
 ● + 100 mL NaOH
● NaOH = 100 mL × 0.05 M = 5 mmol
● CH3COOH = 100 mL × 0.05 M = 5 mmol
●

CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O

M 5 mmol 5 mmol - -
R 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol
S - - 5 mmol 5 mmol

5 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
● [CH3COONa] = = 0.025
200 𝑚𝐿 pOH = 6 – log 3,73
mol/L = 5.43
𝑘𝑤 = 14 – 5.43
● [OH-] = × 𝑀𝑎 pH
𝑘𝑎
= 8.57
10−14
● [OH-] = × 0.025
1.8 ×10−5
● = 3.73 × 10-6
 ● +100.5 mL NaOH
● NaOH = 100.5 mL × 0.05 M = 5.025 mmol
● CH3COOH = 100 mL × 0.05 M = 5 mmol

CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O

M 5 mmol 5.025 - -
mmol
R 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol
S - 0.025 5 mmol 5 mmol
mmol

0.025 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[NaOH] =
200.5 𝑚𝐿 pOH = 4 – log 1.25
= 1.25 × 10-4 mol/L = 3.9
pH = 14 – 3.9
[OH-] = 1.25 × 10-4 mol/L × 1 = 10.1
= 1.25 × 10-4 mol/L
 + 90.5 mL NaOH
• NaOH = 90.5 mL × 0.05 M = 4.525 mmol
• CH3COOH = 100 mL × 0.05 M = 5 mmol

0.475 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O [CH3COOH] = = 2.49 × 10-3 mol/L
190.5 𝑚𝐿
M 5 mmol 4.525 - -
4.525 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
mmol [CH3COONa] = = 0.02 mol/L
190.5 𝑚𝐿
R 4.525 mmol 4.525 4.525 mmol 4.525
[𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑚]
mmol mmol [H+] = ka ×
[𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚] −
3
[2.49 × 10 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿]
S 0.475 mmol - 4.525 mmol 4.525 [H+] = 1.8 × 10-5 ×
[0.02 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿]
mmol = 2.241 × 10-6

pH = 6 – log 2.241
= 5.65
 1.582 g → 250 mL
•Reaksi yang terjadi?
asam ↓
H2C2O4 (l) + 2NaOH(aq)  Na2C2O4 (aq) + 2H2O
oksalat
•N NaOH? ↓
BM H2C2O4 = 126 g/mol
25 mL ≡ NaOH 24.20
BE H2C2O4 = 126/2 = 63 g/grek
mL
𝑚𝑔 𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑚 𝑜𝑘𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑡
N NaOH =
𝑚𝐿 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 ×𝐵𝐸 𝐻2𝐶2𝑂4.2𝐻2𝑂 ×𝐹.𝑃𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑖

1582 𝑚𝑔
N NaOH = 250
24.20 𝑚𝐿 ×63 𝑚𝑔/𝑚𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑘 ×
25

N NaOH = 0.1038 grek/L

 Dit: %CH3COOH?

Jawab:

BM CH3COOH = 60 g/mol
BE CH3COOH = 60 g/grek

𝑁 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 × 𝑚𝐿 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 ×𝐵𝐸 𝐶𝐻3𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 ×10−3 × 𝐹.𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑖

%CH3COOH = ×100%
𝑚𝐿 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙
𝑚𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑘 𝑚𝑔 100 250
0.1038 × 5.25 𝑚𝐿 × 60 ×10−3 × ×
𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑘 25 50
10 → 250 mL %CH3COOH = × 100%
10 𝑚𝐿
%CH3COOH = 6.54% (b/v)
mL
↓
50 mL → 100 mL
↓
25 mL ≡ NaOH 0.1038 N 5.25
mL
 Jawaban
jwb =
● Diket = V NH4OH = 50 ml a. [OH-] = 𝐾𝑏. 𝑀𝑏
● M NH4OH = 0,1 M
= √1,8 x 10-5 x 0,1 mmol/mL
● M HCl = 0,1 M = √1,8 x 10-6
● Kb = 1,8 x 10-5
=1,34 x 10-3
● Dit = pH larutan pada penambahan HCl
pOH = - log [OH-]
● a. 0 ml (sebelum titrasi)
= - log 1,34 x 10-3
● b. 49,95 mL (sebelum titik ekuivalen)
= 3 – log 1,34
● c. 50 mL (pada titik ekuivalen)
= 2,87
●
●
pH = 14 – pOH
= 14 - 2,87
= 11,13
 ● b. n NH4OH = 0,1 M x 50 mL = 5 mmol
● n HCl = 0,1 M x 49,92 mL = 4,995 mmol

● NH4OH( l ) + HCl(aq) NH4Cl(aq) + H2O( l )

● m = 5 mmol 4,995 mmol - -

● r = 4,995 mmol 4,995 mmol 4,995 mmol 4,995 mmol

● s = 0,005 mmol - 4,995 mmol 4,995 mmol

[OH-] = Kb x [NH4OH]
[NH4Cl]
[NH4OH] = 0,005 mmol = 1,8 x 10-5 x 5 x 10-5 mmol/mL
99,95 mL 4, 997 x 10-2 mmol/mL
-5
= 5,0 x 10 mmol/mL = 1,8 x 10-8
pOH = - log [OH-]
[NH4Cl] = 4,995 mmol = - log 1,8 x 10-8
99,95 mL = 8 – log 1,8
-2
= 4, 997 x 10 mmol/mL = 7,74
pH = 14 – pOH
= 14 - 7,74
= 6,26
● n NH4OH = 0,1 M x 50 mL = 5 mmol
● n HCl = 0,1 M x 50 mL = 5 mmol

● NH4OH( l ) + HCl(aq) NH4Cl(aq) + H2O( l )

● m = 5 mmol 5 mmol - -
● r = 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol 5 mmol
● s = - - 5 mmol 5 mmol

● [NH4Cl] = 5 mmol
● 100 mL
● = 5 x 10 mmol/mL
-2

𝐾𝑤
● [H+] = x [garam]
𝐾𝑏
10−14
● = x 5 x 10-2
1.8 𝑥10−5
● = 5,27 x 10-6
●
● pH = - log [H+]
● = - log 5,27 x 10-6
● = 6 – log 5,27
● = 5, 28
● Diket : 2,5 g sampel 100 mL

25mL
● N KMnO4 = 0,1025 N
● V KMnO4 = 19,17 mL

● a. Red : KMnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e- Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (l) + K+(aq) x1

● Oks : Fe2+(aq) Fe3+ (aq) + 1e- x5

● KMnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e- Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (l) + K+(aq)

● 5Fe2+ 5Fe3+ (aq) + 5e-
● KMnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5Fe2+ (aq) Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (l) + K+(aq) + 5Fe3+ (aq)
●
●
● b. % Fe = N KMnO4 x mL KMnO4 x BE Fe x fp x 10-3 x 100 %
● gr sampel
● = 0,1025 mgrek/mL x 19,17 mL x 56 mg/mgrek x 10-3 g/mg x 100 /25 x 100 %
● 2,5 gr
● = 0,4401 g x 100 %
● 2,5 g
● = 17, 6 % (b/b)
● Diket = 3, 2150 g 250 mL
●
● 50 mL 100 mL
●
● 25 mL
●
● M HCl = 0,1043 M
● N HCl = M x a
● = 0,1043 mmol/mL x 1 mgrek/mmol
● = 0,1043 mgrek/mL
● a = 10,25 mL
● b = 10,25 mL + 6,07 mL
● = 16,32 mL
● BE NaOH = 40 mg/mgrek

● Jawab :
● a. Tulis reaksi yang terjadi
PP
● NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
PP
● Na2CO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) NaHCO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq)
● NaHCO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) SM NaCl (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
●
● b. Hitung berapa % kadar NaOH dalam sampel ?

● % NaOH = N HCl x (2a-b) mL x BE NaOH x fp x 10-3 x 100 %

● mL sampel

● = 0,1043 mgrek x (2(10,25) – 16,32) mL x 40 mg x 10-3 g x 250 x 100 x 100%

● mL mgrek mg 3,2150 50
● 25 mL
● = 2,7121 g x 100 %
● 25 mL
● = 10,84% (b/b)
●
●
● c. Hitung berapa % kadar Na2CO3 dalam sampel ?
●
● % Na2CO3 = N HCl x 2(b-a) mL x BE Na2CO3 x fp x 10-3 x 100 %
● mL sampel
● = 0,1043 mgrek x 2(16,32 – 10,25) mL x 53 mg x 10-3 g x 250 x 100 x 100 %
● mL mgrek mg 3,2150 50
● 25 mL
● = 10, 4367 g x 100 %
● 25 mL
● = 41,74% (b/b)
●
 Thanks!
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