Handitya Elinia Ningtyas - 190210302060 - UTS Sejarah Asia Tenggara
Handitya Elinia Ningtyas - 190210302060 - UTS Sejarah Asia Tenggara
PERDAGANGAN
(THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CINA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA IN TERM OF
TRADE)
Abstrak
Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah karena Asia Tenggara sejak jaman dahulu mulai dari awal
abad pertama sebelum Masehi mempunyai hubungan erat dengan Cina khususnya dalam hal
perdagangan yang ditandai dengan perluasan kontak Cina dengan Asia Tenggara dimana pedagang
Cina berlayar ke Asia Tenggara dengan menggunakan kapal yang diawaki oleh pelaut penutur
bahasa Austronesia atau secara luas dapat disebut sebagai orang Melayu. Perdagangan laut antara
Vietnam dan Tiongkok selatan umumnya membawa mutiara, koral, cangkang kura-kura, dan bulu
burung untuk di tukar dengan sutra dan emas. Seiring berjalannya waktu pada periode abad ke
tujuh hingga delapan menandai awal ledakan perdagangan dan depresi, pola puncak dan palung
yang akan bertahan sampai abad kelima belas. Dari abad kesepuluh sampai dengan abad ketiga
belas Sriwijaya merupakan kawasan Melayu yang menjadi entrepot unggulan. Di Sriwijaya barang
lain dari Asia Tenggara, India dan Timur Tengah diangkut untuk pasar Cina dan sebagai gantinya
maka negara yang berada di kawasan Asia Tenggara di pasok oleh Cina dengan barang-barang jadi
yang di butuhkan di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Dalam hal ini penting kiranya untuk menelisik dan
memahami sejarah hubungan perdagangan antara Cina dan Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini
menggunakan beberapa metode penulisan sejarah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu
gambaran mengenai perkembangan serta pengaruh perdagangan antara Cina dan Asia Tenggara
mulai abad pertama sebelum Masehi sampai dengan abad kelima belas.
Kata Kunci: Austronesia, entrepot, palung, perdagangan
Abstract
The background of this research is because Southeast Asia since ancient times starting from the
early first century BC has a close relationship with China, especially in terms of trade which is
marked by the expansion of China's contacts with Southeast Asia where Chinese traders sailed to
Southeast Asia using ships manned by Austronesian speaking sailors or can be broadly referred to
as Malays. The maritime trade between Vietnam and southern China generally brought in pearls,
coral, tortoise shells and bird feathers in exchange for silk and gold. Over time the period from
the seventh to eighth centuries marked the beginning of trading booms and depressions, patterns
of peaks and troughs that would last into the fifteenth century. From the tenth to the thirteenth
century, Sriwijaya was a Malay area that became a leading entrepreneur. In Sriwijaya, other
goods from Southeast Asia, India and the Middle East are transported to the Chinese market and
in exchange for the countries in the Southeast Asian region, China is supplied with finished goods
that are needed in the Southeast Asian region. In this regard, it is important to investigate and
understand the history of trade relations between China and Southeast Asia. This study uses
several methods of writing history. This article aims to provide an overview of the development
and influence of trade between China and Southeast Asia from the first century BC to the fifteenth
century.
Keywords: Austronesian, entrepot, trough, trade
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