System
Dr. Diana Agustini P, M.Biomed
Departemen Anatomi FKUPNVJ
• Penglihatan
• Pendengaran
• Penghidu
• Perasa
CALVARIA
NEUROCRANIUM
BASIS CRANII
BASIS CRANII INTERNA
BASIS CRANII EXTERNA
Penglihatan
13
Struktur mata potongan sagital
LENSA
21
VASKULARISASI
VASKULARISASI
glandula lacrimalissup et inf ductus excretoriuslacrimalis saccus lacrimalis
bgn depan bola mata ke sudutmata punctumlacrimalis sup et inf
canaliculi lacrimalis sup et inf ductusnasolacrimalis meatusnasalis inferior
Penghidu dan Pengecap
Bagian utamanya :
a. radix lingua
b.dorsum lingua
c. apex lingua
- Lower respiratory
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchial tree
• Lungs
• Diaphragm
• Hair – Filter coarse matter from
entering nasal cavity
• Ciliated mucous membrane filters
dust and bacteria. The rich blood
supply warms and humidifies the
air
• Turbinates (conchae) increase the
surface are of the nasal cavity so
that more air is filtered, warmed,
and humidified
• External Nares:
• The nostrils where air enters the nasal cavity
• Nasal Septum:
• Divides the nasal cavity into two symmetrical halves
• Olfactory/Respiratory Mucosa:
• Contain smell receptors and goblet cells for mucus secretion
Molekul odoran Cavum nasi epitelium
atap cavum nasi deteksi oleh kemoreseptor
olfaktorius mucus dgn silia menjulur
neuron sel reeptor olfaktorius lamina
cribrosa bulbus olfactorius (N.I) tractus
olfactorius cortex olfactorius, thalamus
dan hipothalamus di otak
Sinus Paranasalis
Frontal and
maxillary
EPISTAKSIS
INERVASI
INERVASI
Features of the Larynx
• Three functions
• Provides an open airway
• Routes food and air into proper tubes (epiglottis)
• Voice production (vocal folds)
• Several cartilages located here (thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid)
• Epiglottis:
• Flap of elastic cartilage that shuts off larynx and trachea from incoming
food (only works in conscious people)
• Vocal Folds:
• True vocal cords that vibrate with air coming up from the lungs. Space
between is called the rima glottidis
• Vestibular folds (false vocal cords)
Sistem Pendengaran &
Keseimbangan
Pendengaran
• The ear is the primary structure for hearing and balance.
KOMPLIKASI KE
MASING-MASING
PARIES
F/
MENYESUAIKAN KISARAN VOLUME
SUARA SELALU DINAMIS
M. Tensor timpani
- N V3
M. Stapedius
Kontraksi mereduksi bunyi yg
sangat keras
N.VII
TELINGA BAGIAN DALAM (AURIS
INTERNA)
LABIRINTUS OSEUS LABIRINTUS MEMBRANOSA
1. VESTIBULUM (bagian 1. UTRIKULUS
tengah labirin osseus) 2. SAKULUS
2. KOKLEA (RUMAH SIPUT) 3. DUCTUS SEMISIRKULARIS
3. KANALIS 4. DUCTUS KOKLEARIS
SEMISIRKULARIS.
Tda : KSS superior ,
inferior et posterior, dan
lateralis.
Kompleks vestibulum
Kompleks vestibulum
• Vestibulum
• Sacculus
• Utriculus
• Static equilibrium
• Tiga semicircular canals
dengan ampullae (mutually
perpendicular)
• Linear acceleration
• Reseptor organ
vestibulum
•2 makula
•or: macula of saccule plus macula
of utricle
•Vertical and horizontal orientation
•Mengandung otolith yang
bergerak sesuai gravitasi
•Sel rambut hantarkan impuls ke N
- VIII
Canalis semisirkularis
• Orientasi
perpendicular
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Lateral
• Masing2 punya
ampulla
• Crista ampullaris
bends
Canalis semisirkularis
• Orientasi
perpendicular
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Lateral
• Masing2 punya
ampulla
• Crista ampullaris
bends
Organ Korti
• Membran basal terdapat sel rambut dengan stereosilia
• Membran tectorial diatas sel rambut
• Getaran suara menyebabkan sel rambut bergerak dan
menyentuh membrana tectorial menyebabkan transduksi
JARAS
PENDENGARAN
N.COCHLEARIS
PADA BGN MEDULLA
COLLICULUS INFERIOR PD
ARAH YANG BERLAWANAN
KE THALAMUS
CORTEKS AUDITORY
Epley maneuver which is used to treat patients with
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV).
The Semount Vertigo treatment. It clarifies the
relationship between the movements and the effects on
the inner ear.
SELAMAT BELAJAR