▪ It •••• SO •••••••••
65363-00TP-01
Revisi terakhir: 29/12/2011
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL
Tablet
OGBdexa
Compositions: should be monitored during dosage escalation and periodically thereafter
Surgery/anesthesia
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL 8 mg Hypotension may occur in patients undergoing major surgery and anesthesia who
Each tablet contains:
Candesartan cilexetil are receiving angiotensin II receptor antagonists, including candesartan cilexetil,
8 mg presumably secondary to blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. Rarely, hypotension
may be severe enough to require volume expansion and/or vasopressors.
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL 16 mg Aortic and mitral valve stenosis (obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Each tablet contains:
As with other vasodilators, special caution is indicated in patients suffering from
Candesartan cilexetil 16 mg cardiomyopathy. relevant aortic or mitral valve stenosis, or obstructive hypertrophic
haemodynamically
Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics: Primary hyperaldosteronism
Candesartan cilexetil is a nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist that selectively blocks Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism will not generally respond to antihypertensive
the binding of angiotensin II to the AT, receptors in tissues such as vascular smooth medicinal products acting through inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
muscle and the adrenal gland. In the renin-angiotensin system, angiotensin I is system. Therefore, the use of candesartan cilexetil is not recommended.
converted by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to form angiotensin II. Angiotensin Hyperkalemia
H
stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone, which decreases Hyperkalemia may occur in patients with congestive heart failure receiving candesartan
the excretion of sodium and increases the excretion of potassium. Angiotensin It also cilexetil, especially in those receiving concomitant therapy with an ACE inhibitor
acts as a vasoconstrictor in vascular smooth muscle. By blocking the binding of and/or a potassium-sparing diuretic (e.g., spironolactone). Serum potassium should
angiotensin II to the AT, receptors, candesartan cilexetil causes vasodilation and be monitored during dosage escalation and periodically thereafter.
decreases the effects of aldosterone. The negative feedback regulation of angiotensin Concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, salt
II on renin secretion also is inhibited, resulting in a rise in plasma renin concentrations substitutes containing potassium, or other medicinal products that may increase
and consequent rise in angiotensin II plasma concentrations; however, these effects potassium levels (e.g., heparin) may lead to increases of serum potassium in patients
do not counteract the blood pressure-lowering affect that occurs. with hypertension.
The onset of antihypertensive effect occurs about 2 hours after administration and Sensitivity reactions
the maximum effect is achieved within about 4 weeks after initiating therapy. Sensitivity reactions, including various anaphylactoid reaction and/or angioedema,
Indications: have been reported with use of angiotensin ll receptor antagonists, including
candesartan cilexetil. Candesartan cilexetil is not recommended in patients with a
- Treatment of hypertension.
history of angioedema associated with or unrelated to ACE or angiotensin II receptor
therapy.
- Treatment of patients with heart failure and impaired left ventricle systolic function
(left ventricular ejection fraction 5 40%) when ACE-inhibitors are not tolerated. General
Contraindications: In patients
activity whose
of the vascular tone and renal function depend predominantly on the
renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system (e.g., patients with severe
- Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to candesartan cilexetil or congestive heart failure or underlying renal disease, including renal artery stenosis),
any ingredient in the formulation. treatment with other medicinal products that affect this system has been associated
- Pregnancy and lactation.
with acute hypotension, azotemia, oliguria or, rarely, acute renal failure. The possibility
- Severe hepatic impairment and/or cholestasis. of similar effects cannot be excluded with angiotensin II receptor antagonists. As with
Dosage and administration: any antihypertensive agent, excessive blood pressure decrease in patients with
Dosage in hypertension ischaemic cardiopathy or ischaemic cerebrovascular disease could result in a
myocardial infarction or stroke.
The initial dose is 4 mg once daily. The dose should be adjusted according to Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase
response, with a maximum dose of 16 mg daily. The maximum effect is achieved deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicinal product.
within about 4 weeks after initiating therapy. Carcinogenic
- Use in the elderly There was no evidence of carcinogenicity.
No initial dosage adjustment is necessary in elderly patients. Pregnancy
- Use in impaired renal function When used in pregnancy during the second and third trimesters, medicinal products
No initial dosage adjustment is necessary in mild renal impairment A lower initial that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause fetal and neonatal injury
dose of 2 mg once daily is suggested for patients with moderate and severe renal (hypotension, renal dysfunction, oliguria and/or anuria, oligohydramnios, skull
impairment. The dose may be adjusted according to response. hypoplasia, intrauterine growth retardation) and death. Cases of lung hypoplasia,
- Use in impaired hepatic function facial abnormalities and limb contractures have also been described.
An initial dose of 2 mg once daily is recommended in patients with mild to moderate Candesartan cilexetil should not be used in pregnancy. If pregnancy is detected
hepatic impairment. The dose may be adjusted according to response. There is no during treatment, candesartan cilexetil should be discontinued as soon as possible.
Lactation
experience in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Not known whether candesartan cilexetil is distributed in breast milk. Discontinue
Dosage in heart failure nursing or drug because of potential risk in nursing infants.
Effects on ability to drive and use machines
The usual recommended initial dose is 4 mg once daily. Up-titration to the target
dose of 32 mg once daily or the highest tolerated dose is done by doubling the dose Caution when driving or doing other things requiring alertness, because of possible
at intervals of at least 2 weeks. dizziness during treatment.
- Special patient populations
Drug interactions:
No initial dose adjustment is necessary for elderly patients or in patients with
intravascular volume depletion, renal impairment or mild to moderate hepatic - Candesartan cilexetil is eliminated only to a minor extent by hepatic metabolism
impairment. (CYP2C9). Available interaction studies indicate no effect on CYP2C9 and CYP3A4
but the effect on other cytochrome P450 isoenzymes is presently unknown.
Administration - The antihypertensive effect of candesartan cilexetil may be enhanced by other
Candesartan cilexetil should be taken once daily with or without food. medicinal products with blood pressure lowering properties.
Candesartan cilexetil can be administered with other antihipertensive drugs. - Pharmacokinetic interaction (increased serum lithium concentrations) when
Use in children and adolescents
candesartan cilexetil is used concomitanfiy with lithium. Careful monitoring of serum
The safety and efficacy of candesartan cilexetil have not been established in children lithium concentrations is recommended during concomitant use.
and adolescents (under 18 years).
- When angiotensin II receptor antagonists are administered simultaneously with
Side effects: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., indometacin), attenuation of the
antihypertensive effect may occur.
Adverse effects occuring in 1% or more of patients receiving candesartan cilexetil - The bioavailability of candesartan cilexetil is not affected by food.
include back pain, dizziness, upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, and rhinitis.
The incidence of adverse effects was not affected by age, gender, or race. Overdosage:
Symptoms
Warnings and precautions:
Renal impairment Based on pharmacological considerations, the main manifestation of an overdose
is likely to be symptomatic hypotension and dizziness.
As with other agents inhibiting the renin- Management
angiotensin-aldosterone
in renal function may be anticipated in susceptible patients system, changes
cilexetil. treated with candesartan If symptomatic hypotension should occur, symptomatic treatment should be instituted
and vital signs monitored. The patient should be placed supine with the legs elevated.
When candesartan cilexetil is used in hypertensive patients with renal impairment, If this is not sufficient, plasma volume
periodic monitoring of serum potassium and creatinine levels is recommended. There ;,efERRIff el, Mir example,
isotonic saline solution. Sympathomimetic medicinal gricljasine****Ird
is limited experience in patients with very severe or end-stage renal impairment if the above-mentionedras#43% "Acted,
(Clcr Candesartan cilexell is t r
eatinine < 15 ml/min). In these patients candesartan cilexetil should be careful aemodialysis.
titrated with thorough monitoring of blood pressure. ly
berm, ea ye saMise • • • int 06 a.
Evaluation of patients with heart failure should include periodic assessments of renal Presentations and-ei,atn n
function, especially in elderly patients 75 years or older, and patients with impaired CANDESARTAN CILE
CANDESARTAN CILE
g: , blisters @10 tablets; GKL1105046010A
•.•s p o niNpy..41,Q5giioilos
renal function. During dose titration of candesartan cilexetil, monitoring of serum 1 mg:il<,1 blisters
creatinine and potassium is recommended.
Concomitant therapy with an ACE inhibitor in heart failure ON MEDICAL PRES IPliTON ONLY rIN
The risk of adverse events, especially renal function impairment and hyperkalemia vry aiterna Lit tempt prOd
may increase when candesartan cilexetil is used in combination with an ACE inhibitor STORE AT TEMPERATI.W/Iiik
0°t7fIllt5ittgly-RONI 11.1G1-111. , 'us
Patients with such treatment should be monitored regularly and carefully.
Haemodialysis Manufactured by
During dialysis the blood pressure may be particularly sensitive to AT, receptor
blockade as a result of reduced plasma volume and activation of the renin-
DexaJ [VIE
angiotensin-aldosterone system. Therefore, candesartan cilexetil should be JENDERAL BAMBANG UTOYO 138
carefully titrated with thorough monitoring of blood pressure in patients on haemodialysis. PALEMBANG-INDONESIA
Renal artery stenosis
Other medicinal products that affect the renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system, i.e.,
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, may increase blood urea and serum
creatinine in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis of the artery to
a solitary kidney. A similar effect may be anticipated with angiotensin II receptor
antagonists.
Hypotension
Symptomatic hypotension may occur. Patients at particular risk include those with
volume or salt depletion secondary to salt restriction, prolonged diuretic therapy,
heart failure, or dialysis. In patients with heart failure, a temporary reduction in the
dosage of candesartan cilexetil and/or of a diuretic may be needed; blood pressure
* 1.
1?(LO4U kr]
. 7541F 7111tfrr '