TSUNAMI: Review
1
Study Program of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Padjajaran University Jl. Raya
Bandung-Sumedang, KM 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
*
Corresponding author: indria20001@mail.unpad.ac.id
ABSTRAK
Mangrove adalah salah satu tumbuhan yang hidup di wilayah pesisir. Mangrove biasanya hidup di
ekosistem air payau ataupun air laut di kawasan negara-negara tropis dan subtropis. Ekosistem ini
merupakan salah satu ekosistem yang sangat produktif dan memiliki banyak fungsi, misalnya sebagai
penyerap karbon, sebagai habitat bagi beberapa hewan-hewan pesisir, dimana mereka dapat berlindung,
mencari makan, melakukan proses pemijahan, dan berkembang biak. Ekosistem ini juga memiliki berbagai
macam potensi baik secara ekonomis maupun secara ekologis. Salah satu potensi yang banyak dibicarakan
adalah potensi mangrove untuk menjadi pelingung alami bagi ekosistem pesisir dari ancaman tsunami.
Tsunami sendiri adalah suatu bencana alam dimana terjadinya serangkaian gelombang yang terbentuk ke
arah pantai dengan panjang gelombang yang sangat panjang dan periode yang sangat panjang diakibatkan
oleh perubahan dasar laut yang secara tiba-tiba. Gelombang tsunami memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda
dengan gelombang biasa, gelombang ini memiliki kecepatan yang diatas rata-rata gelombang pada
umumnya dan ketinggian yang dpaat mencapai puluhan meter. Indonesia merupakan negara yang
berpotensi besar mengalami tsunami. Oleh karena itu, pada artikel ini dibahas mengenai kemungkinan
mangrove melindungi pesisir pantai dari tsunami dan mengurangi dampak tsunami bagi wilayah tersebut.
Adapun artikel ini dibuat dengan emlakukan studi literatur mengenai hubungan keberadaan ekosistem
mangrove dengan dampak tsunami di wilayah tesebut. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelurusan literatur
ditemukan bahwa mangrove memang dapat meredam gelombang dari pantai karena adanya gaya gesek
antara air laut dengan bagian-bagian tubuhnya. Namun, perlu ada penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai dampak
keberadaan lamun bagi wilayah-wilayah yang terkena tsunami. Sebab, masih banyak perdebatan dan
perbedaan pendapat pada beberapa jurnal yang telah dicari.
ABSTRACT
Mangrove is one of the plants that live in coastal areas. Mangroves usually live in brackish water or
seawater ecosystems in tropical and subtropical countries. This ecosystem is one of the most productive
ecosystems and has many functions, for example as a carbon sink, as a habitat for some coastal animals,
where they can take shelter, find food, do the spawning process, and breed. This ecosystem also has various
kinds of potential both economically and ecologically. One of the potentials that is widely discussed is the
potential of mangroves to become natural protection for coastal ecosystems from the threat of tsunamis.
The tsunami itself is a natural disaster where the occurrence of a wave that forms towards the coast with
a very long wavelength and a very long period caused by a sudden change in the seabed. Tsunami waves
have different characteristics from ordinary waves, these waves have a speed above the average wave in
general and a height that can reach tens of meters. Indonesia is a country that has the potential to
experience a tsunami. Therefore, this article discusses the possibility of mangroves protecting the coast
from tsunamis and reducing the impact of the tsunami on the area. This article was created by conducting
a literature study on the relationship between the existence of the mangrove ecosystem and the impact of
the tsunami in the area. Based on the results of the literature search, it was found that mangroves can
indeed dampen waves from the beach because of the friction between sea water and body parts. However,
further research is needed on the impact of seagrass presence on tsunami-affected areas. Because, there
are still many debates and differences of opinion in several journals that have been sought.
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